Fisioterapia

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Author: search.filters.author.Agualongo Tixi, Lesly Esthefania

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    DINÁMICA DEL DIAFRAGMA EN PACIENTES CON DOLOR LUMBAR CRÓNICO INESPECÍFICO
    (2026-01-27) Agualongo Tixi, Lesly Esthefania; Campos Moposita, Ángela Priscila; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Fisioterapia
    Chronic non-specific low back pain (DLCi) is a problem that affects at least 84% of people and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. DLCi is the most common form of low back pain, so it is called "non-specific" because there is no exact definition of the cause of this painful and disabling condition. Currently, DLCi and the diaphragm are related by the diaphragm's role in postural stabilization of the trunk during movements of the extremities. Within this stabilizing action, the diaphragm plays an important role in intra-abdominal pressure and stabilization through a coordination mechanism between breathing and trunk control during movement. Despite the interest in research on this topic, it is still not well known. For this reason, the objective of the study is to analyze the correlation between diaphragmatic excursion and the numerical rating scale (NRS) in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (DLCi). The study is non-experimental, quantitative, analytical, and correlational, with a convenience sample under inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 80 participants between 18 and 65 years old were divided into two groups: one with DLCi (group 1) and one without (group 2), supporting the use of screening tools and clinical tests. Diaphragmatic excursion was evaluated using ultrasonography, which allows visualization of muscle activity in real time during load lifting during normal breathing with external loads of 10% and 20% of body weight. Diaphragmatic excursion at 10% did not present significant changes (t = 0.39); however, the evaluation with 20% external load did have significance (t <0.05), with a difference of -1.4 mm in group 1. The relationship between the DLCi and the NRS scale was inversely proportional (p<0.05 and Spearman's Rho = -0.593). This indicates that the greater the pain intensity, the smaller the diaphragmatic excursion. Los hallazgos confirman que la movilidad diafragmática se ve afectada y su excursión se reduce a medida que el dolor y la demanda postural aumentan. Incorporar el entrenamiento de la musculatura diafragmática como parte integral de la rehabilitación podría conducir a tratamientos más eficaces para los pacientes con DLCi.