Enfermería

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ADULTO MAYOR

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    INTERVENCIONES DE ENFERMERIA EN EL DETERIORO DE REGULACION DEL ESTADO DE ANIMO EN ADULTOS MAYORES
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-04) Molina Peralta, Rodney Misael; Espín López, Valeria Isabel
    Introduction: The high prevalence of mood impairment disorders in older adults with dementia leads to negative effects on quality of life. Doll Therapy or dollassisted therapy is proposed as a non-pharmacological intervention for this condition, based on theories of attachment, transitional object, and personcentered approach. Objective. Determine the effect of nursing interventions on the deterioration of mood regulation in older adults. Methodology. Quantitative, quasiexperimental and longitudinal study, conducted in 18 institutionalized older adults with dementia. The Mini Mental Test and the Differential Inventory of Adjectives for Mood State (IDDA-EA) were applied before and after the intervention with Doll Therapy for 4 weeks, with 3 weekly sessions lasting 60 minutes each. Results. The participants presented dementia according to the Mini Mental Test. The pre-intervention IDDA-EA revealed low levels of activation, elevated levels of stress and decreased arousal. After Doll Therapy, statistically significant improvements were found in the activation dimension (p=0.025), reflecting an increase in energy, interest, and disposition levels. Conclusion. Doll Therapy proved to be an effective nursing intervention to improve mood regulation in institutionalized older adults with dementia, specifically in the activation dimension. It is recommended to extend the application time to consolidate positive effects on the dimensions of stress and arousal.
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    CALIDAD DE VIDA EN ADULTOS MAYORES AGRICULTORES CON DOLOR CRÓNICO
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Gaibor Lezano, Holguer Alejandro; Espín López, Valeria Isabel
    Introduction: A relevant component that harms the level of quality of life is the appearance of illnesses associated with pain, especially in adult farmers. The repetitive effort, the maintenance of an incorrect posture, the working conditions and especially in the agricultural environment, I think that your health is deteriorating. Objective: Determine the association of the quality of life of older farmers with chronic pain. Methods: Research with a quantitative focus, observational-transversal design and correlational scope, the population was carried out by older adults who attended the Greater Adult Club “Virgen del Guápulo”, whose sample consisted of 23 people selected through intentional probabilistic sampling based on inclusion and inclusion criteria exclusion, whichever applies three instruments: a sociodemographic survey, the Latineen Index that evaluates chronic pain and quality of life WHOQOL-BREF. Results: The majority of older adults showed moderate pain level (69.6%), regular quality of life (64.7%). The bilateral significance value of the Chi squared test of Verosimilitud Ratio is 0.038<0.05. Conclusions: The investigator's alternative hypothesis is accepted; to decide, if there is an association between the quality of life and the level of pain that adult farmers present.
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    AUTOCUIDADO Y CALIDAD DE VIDA EN ADULTOS MAYORES: UNA REVISION DE LA LITERATURA
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Capuz Toalombo, Andrea Paola; Rojas Conde, Luis Geovanny
    Objective: Analyze the results of self-care and quality of life of older adults through a bibliographic review. Method: Literature review study, with documentary and descriptive design, following the guidelines of the updated PRISMA guide. The search was carried out in scientific databases such as PubMed, MedlinePlus, BVS, Scielo and Google Scholar, using descriptors in Health Sciences. In addition, inclusion criteria were applied with original articles and case studies published between 2018-2023 in English and Spanish, with free access and with a rigorous methodological process. Results: The analysis of 56 articles revealed that self-care practices are associated with improvements in the quality of life of older adults. Key factors were identified such as regular physical activity, a balanced diet, adequate management of chronic medical conditions, and maintenance of active social networks. Studies showed a positive correlation between the level of self-care and various quality of life indicators, including functional independence, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that self-care plays a fundamental role in the quality of life of older adults. Interventions that promote healthy habits, adaptation to change, and social connection appear to be particularly effective. The implementation of self-care promotion programs in primary care and community services is recommended to promote active and healthy aging.
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    CALIDAD DE ATENCION PERCIBIDA EN PACIENTES CON HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL EN ATENCIÓN PRIMARIA EN SALUD
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-02) Joselin Elizabeth, Serrano Aldaz; López Pérez, Grace Pamela
    Background: the study analyzed the quality of care perceived by patients with high blood pressure in a health center in Ecuador, considering dimensions such as accessibility, opportunity, continuity, comprehensiveness and cultural competence of the services. Hypertension in older adults represents a public health problem in the region; (2) Methods: quantitative, transversal and descriptive design. The sample was 40 patients over 65 years of age with HTN. A validated 10-item questionnaire was applied on perceived quality in several dimensions: accessibility, opportunity, continuity, comprehensiveness and cultural competence; (3) Results: limitations were evident in the capacity to respond to urgent needs, lack of continuity in care by the same professional, deficiencies in mental health counseling and moderate dissatisfaction with services; (4) Conclusions: there are significant gaps in the quality of primary care for hypertensive patients regarding accessibility, opportunity, comprehensiveness and cultural competence. Improvements are required in these areas to ensure more responsive and patient-centered care.
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    Valoración del patrón autopercepción en los adultos mayores en un centro geriátrico
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-21) Sánchez Criollo, Darwin Jonathan; Chipantiza Córdova, Tannia Elizabeth
    The aging of the world's population makes studies of each of the characteristics of this stage of the human being increasingly essential. Based on these studies, it will be possible to carry out analyses and recommendations on the subject, from which improvement plans for the health care of this age group will emerge. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of self-perception in older adults in a geriatric center. It was a descriptive, qualitative and field study. The population consisted of 10 older adults residing in a nursing home. A semi-structured interview was used for data collection, in which six aspects were assessed: personal attitude and behavior, body image, emotional factor, posture and movement, eye contact and voice and speech pattern; all this, after signing the informed consent. Upon analyzing the results obtained, it became evident that sadness is the most notorious self-perceived by the older adults, followed in order: the low mobility they have within the institution; the need for human contact and data of physical deterioration such as: decrease in visual acuity and locomotor limitations. It is concluded that older adults deserve attention to their physical needs and emotional support to cope with the final stage of human life and, therefore, establish specific care to provide a more appropriate lifestyle.
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    Perfil epidemiológico de síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Moya Moya, Erica Pricila; Herrera López, José Luis Lic. Mg.
    Introduction: The epidemiological profile associated with frailty syndrome aims to inform to health professionals about the parameters which should be considered for a correct clinical assessment. Hence, the clinical patient can count on an early treatment, which could suppress adverse health events such as: disability, increased morbidity, mortality, dependence and falls. Therefore, the patient's quality of life will improve and functional deterioration will decrease. Objective: To draw up an frailty syndrome's epidemiological profile in elderly people based on information collected at the San Miguelito's Health Centre located in Píllaro - Ecuador. Methods: The data collection instrument will correspond to three phases, the first one seeks the recognition of the area of influence of the study, in this case is the canton Santiago de Píllaro, the second phase will concern the coverage of the study subjects by sociodemographic and age particularities, finally, to establish the instrument is a priority to validate through the pathological features determined by the authors cited. This information is derived from the Ministry of Public Health (MSP), through the clinical histories of the patients. In addition to this, descriptive statistics were used, as well as measures of central tendency, with the purpose of explaining how the different aspects interact by means of cross tables elaborated in spreadsheets. Results: Frailty is associated with age around 75.72 years with an standard deviation of 7.16. On the other hand, the diseases with the highest presence per case study are sarcopenia (22.75% - 78.17 years), Hypertension (22.10% - 76.80 years), Diabetes (10.065% - 76.54 years), Anaemia (9.63 - 79.61 years) and Depression (6.37 - 78.83 years). Conclusions: Regarding to the epidemiological profile's elaboration, not only those ailments with the highest incidence in the health centre, but also their contrast with age were taken into account.
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    Sobrecarga del cuidador de adultos mayores dependientes
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Chango Morales, Viviana Nataly; Guarate Coronado, Yeisy Cristina Lcda. Mg.
    Introduction: Aging is a dynamic, progressive and irreversible process that results in multiple changes affecting the ability to perform daily activities on their own, therefore, older adults require a caregiver, that is, a person who dispenses care especially if they present disability or dependence. Objective: To determine the prevalence of caregiver overload in dependent older adults. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, crosssectional and field study. The population consisted of 90 primary caregivers of an older adult population to whom the Zarit test was applied after signing an informed consent form; being the census sample. For the collection of the information, the Declaration of Helsinki related to the ethical aspects of research with human beings was taken into account. Results: The highest percentage of caregivers were women who presented levels of intense overload. Conclusion: There is an intense overload in the study population, so it is important for health personnel to intervene to prevent this overload from affecting the caregiver's life and, therefore, that of the older adult.
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    Bienestar psicosocial del adulto mayor durante la pandemia covid-19 en la comunidad de Patutan provincia de Cotopaxi”
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-09-01) Velasco Tipanquiza, Jessica Abigail; López Pérez, Grace Pamela Lic. Mg.
    .Introduction: The COVID-19 disease, in addition to its health effects, has presented a series of unprecedented social and economic effects throughout the world. Mental health is a space that has been negatively disrupted by this pandemic, and in which older adults have been a group affected by it. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the conditions of psychosocial well-being in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in the community of Patutan, Cotopaxi Province. Method: For this study, was used scale BIEPS-A by Casullo, to determine the level of psychosocial well-being of the population, composed of 13 items in five dimensions Self-acceptance, Control of situations, Autonomy, Psychosocial ties and Projects, to a constitutive sample of 58 older adults in the community. Results: The results showed incidence rates beyond normal regarding the psychosocial well-being of the respondents, 13.79% were located at a high level of psychosocial well-being, 57% at a medium level and 27% were located at a low level. Conclusions: COVID-19 has affected mental health and psychosocial well-being in the elderly population, reflecting problems of stress, lack of family ties, sense of isolation, and loss of life purpose
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    La depresión en adultos mayores por covid- 19 durante la emergencia sanitaria
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Sailema Sailema, Verónica Alexandra; Mayorga Ortiz, Diego Javier Psi.Cli. Mst.
    The elderly are considered a vulnerable group within the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, so they require special attention to guarantee their quality of life, however, when the Covid-19 pandemic occurs worldwide, all people areThey were forced into social isolation, this situation affected the emotional healthof older adults, for this reason this research aims to analyze the presence ofdepression in older adults due to COVID-19 during the health emergency. Themethodology that was applied is the meta-analysis where inclusion and exclusioncriteria were established for the selection of research. Among the main findingsthat were obtained, the average age of adults over 71 years of age, 49% weremale and 51% female. The prevalent generative factors for the development of depression were fear of contracting the disease and confinement. The clinicalcharacteristics that they denoted were the difficulty of sleep, sadness, anddecreased appetite with p values lower than 0.05, which makes them significantwithin the disease. Based on these triggers, the levels of depression that older adults presented in the different investigations were moderate depression (31%,p = 0.03) and severe depression (25%, p = 0.01). These results allow us toconclude that depression is a disease that was found latent in older adults duringthe time of the pandemic, significantly affecting their quality of life.
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    Cuidado humanizado de enfermeria en pacientes adultos mayores de medicina interna del hospital general IESS Ambato
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Llerena Aguirre, Mariuxi Solange; Ramírez López, Diego Iván Md. Msc.
    Due to the current demands in the provision of care services, it is increasingly difficult to provide humanized care in the act of caring, especially in public health institutions where there is a great demand for patients, limited resources and management of strict protocols. Under this argument, the present research was developed with the objective of evaluating the perception of the elderly patient in relation to the humanized care provided by the nursing staff of the internal medicine area of the IESS Ambato Hospital, work focused on contributing and improving the quality of care using a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional methodology, we worked with a population of 50 older adults to whom the survey of "Perception of humanized nursing care behaviors" (PCHE) 3rd version was applied. With the development of this research, it was possible to define the margin of execution that is provided to the humanized care of the elderly patient of this health entity, finding some data that were related to each other in a partially significant way, such as gender, age and days of hospitalization.