Perfil epidemiológico de síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores
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Date
2022-03-01
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Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería
Abstract
Introduction: The epidemiological profile associated with frailty syndrome aims to inform to health
professionals about the parameters which should be considered for a correct clinical assessment.
Hence, the clinical patient can count on an early treatment, which could suppress adverse health
events such as: disability, increased morbidity, mortality, dependence and falls. Therefore, the
patient's quality of life will improve and functional deterioration will decrease.
Objective: To draw up an frailty syndrome's epidemiological profile in elderly people based on
information collected at the San Miguelito's Health Centre located in Píllaro - Ecuador.
Methods: The data collection instrument will correspond to three phases, the first one seeks the
recognition of the area of influence of the study, in this case is the canton Santiago de Píllaro, the
second phase will concern the coverage of the study subjects by sociodemographic and age
particularities, finally, to establish the instrument is a priority to validate through the pathological
features determined by the authors cited. This information is derived from the Ministry of Public
Health (MSP), through the clinical histories of the patients. In addition to this, descriptive statistics
were used, as well as measures of central tendency, with the purpose of explaining how the
different aspects interact by means of cross tables elaborated in spreadsheets.
Results: Frailty is associated with age around 75.72 years with an standard deviation of 7.16. On
the other hand, the diseases with the highest presence per case study are sarcopenia (22.75% -
78.17 years), Hypertension (22.10% - 76.80 years), Diabetes (10.065% - 76.54 years), Anaemia
(9.63 - 79.61 years) and Depression (6.37 - 78.83 years).
Conclusions: Regarding to the epidemiological profile's elaboration, not only those ailments with
the highest incidence in the health centre, but also their contrast with age were taken into account.
Description
Introducción: El perfil epidemiológico vinculado con el síndrome de fragilidad o síndrome complejo de
vulnerabilidad aumentada, procura dar a conocer al profesional de la salud todos aquellos parámetros que
debe tener en cuenta para gestionar una correcta valoración, con aquello, el paciente con un tratamiento
temprano podría suprimir eventos adversos, tales como: discapacidad, aumento de morbilidad, mortalidad,
dependencia y caídas, con lo cual mejorará su calidad de vida y disminuye el declive funcional.
Objetivo: Elaborar un perfil epidemiológico de síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores, mediante la
información recabada del centro de salud tipo “A” San Miguelito del cantón Santiago de Píllaro.
Resultados: La fragilidad se encuentra asociado a edades circundantes a los 75,72 años y una desviación
estándar de 7,16, por otro lado, las enfermedades con mayor presencia por casos de estudio son la
Sarcopenia (22,75% - 78,17 años), Hipertensión (22,10% - 76,80 años), Diabetes (10,065% - 76,54 años),
Anemia (9,63 – 79,61 años) y Depresión (6,37 – 78,83 años).
Conclusiones: Para la elaboración del perfil epidemiológico debemos tener en cuenta aquellos
padecimientos con mayor incidencia en el centro de salud y su contraste con la edad del paciente.
Keywords
SÍNDROME DE FRAGILIDAD, ADULTO MAYOR, PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO, DIABETES, DETERIORO COGNITIVO