Ingeniería Mecánica
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/900
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Item Diseño y construcción de una mini-turbina hidráulica tipo turgo para ser instalada en canales principales de riego para generar energía mecánica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Ovando Burga, Nestor Alexander; Escobar Luna, Luis EduardoThis project considers the design and construction of a Turgo mini hydraulic turbine. The project was designed to generate mechanical energy that will later be transformed into electrical energy that will be used in locations that have major irrigation channels and don’t have electricity. In the theoretical and analytical part, the turbine was selected and modifications were made to the original design of the turbine, because this turbine is driven by a water jet, and it was modified so that it can be directly driven by the channel current. The speed triangle for the turbine was calculated, which allowed to obtain a theoretical speed for the design of the same. With this speed the dimensions of the impeller and the spoons were obtained. The diameter of the water jet was obtained in order to be able to dimension the aforementioned elements. Later the calculation was made of the approximate speed at which the turbine will rotate, as well as the torque that it will produce. The turbine was built with alternative materials (PLA, wood, Nylon) because a prototype was manufactured. These materials resist to the corrosion and to the efforts generated by the force of the water. In the start-up, the real speed of rotation was obtained.Item Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de turbina Wells para la generación de energía(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Villacrés Santamaría, Andrés Ricardo; Mayorga Pardo, Alex SantiagoThe present project was based on the design and construction of a Wells turbine prototype for the generation of energy, for which first we proceeded to the collection of information, to the investigation of the characteristics of the Wells turbine, to the study of the operation adequate and the parameters necessary for the design of the prototype having as research sources scientific articles and research journals. Thanks to the AirfoilTools program it was possible to proceed with the choice of the most suitable wing profile for this type of turbines, such as the NACA 0018 symmetric profile, and also for the parameters of the aerodynamic design of the wing, it was calculated with the help of theses and scientific articles. the calculations of the choice of the turbine shaft were made with the help of Shigley's book and an axis of ¼ inch in diameter was obtained. FAG catalogs were used to select the bearings In the part of the construction, the Wells turbine prototype was sent to print in a lighter material such as the PLA, the shaft was made of steel, the tube where the turbine was 8 inches diameter PVC. In the electrical part, 2 ½-inch solenoid valves, ½-inch fittings, 6 meters of ½-inch hose, 2 contactors, 2 push-buttons, one normally open and the other normally closed, a 12-V battery were purchased and a bank was made wood tests. Finally the tests were carried out in the laboratory of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering of the Mechanical Career, maximum results were obtained: pressure of 120 Psi, speed of 6.7m /s, voltage of 14 V and 1300 rpm.Item Diseño y construcción de una turbobomba con turbina Peltón(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Barona Zamora, Alex Javier; Dávila Chicaiza, Álvaro David; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos MauricioThis technical project focuses on the design, construction and operation tests of a turbo-pump, which consists of a pelton-type turbine and a diaphragm pump. The project was designed with the purpose of pumping water at high altitudes without the use of electric power or fuel to make the pump works, instead of it; with the use of the potential energy that water acquires in level changes (waterfalls). In the theoretical and analytical part, the diaphragm pump was selected and the pelton turbine was designed according to the operating ranges of the pump like the input power and the revolutions per minute which it works. Besides, the other important parameter for the design is the height that served to determine the flow rate necessary to obtain the input power of the pump and the theoretical speed of the jet exit from the nozzle to the contact with the vanes. The main components: the vanes and the injector were calculated and designed in relation to the jet diameter of the injector nozzle. The machine was built with corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel for the structure, impeller, axles and injector, while the vanes used bronze function due to its corrosion resistance, modifiable material and economic cost. During the start-up, the graphs of power vs. flow, revolutions per minute of the turbine vs flow and pumping height vs pumping flow were obtained, those graphs were used to obtain the operating parameters of the turbo-pump.Item Diseño y construcción de una turbina tesla para un banco de pruebas de comprobación de eficiencia en la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Cabrera Acosta, Santiago Fabricio; Escobar Luna, Luis EduardoThe present project starts from the need to continue developing different sources of renewable energy generation. For the development of the construction and design of the Tesla turbine was based on the quantitative analysis of the flow rate and angular velocity in the transmission axis to determine the dimensioning of its mechanical elements having as main source of research in scientific articles related to the Area of renewable energy, turbine construction, fluid mechanics and mechanical design. The execution of the prototype assembly was carried out in the first instance with the stator casting in nodular iron using the machining operations on lathe and grinding, in the following instance the cold cutting CNC of the disks in stainless steel AISI 304 was made creating the external diameter of the impeller, then drilled the fluid exhaust holes, similarly proceeded to the construction of the side covers, cutting the PMMA sheet in the CNC machine to later center the holes in the lathe so that in it rests the parts of the turbine, also used the lathe for the manufacture of the shaft in stainless steel AISI 304 and the bearings in aluminum, in addition installed a digital control system programmed in arduino, sensed by a flow meter of hall effect To view the amount of water entering the turbine. For the installation of the hydraulic circuit was used 1 in, ½ in, ¼ in, ¾ in pipes with their respective accessories simulating fluid movement with a 3/4 HP motor pump with negative suction type. In order to finish it was carried out the respective tests of operation that allowed the correction of dimensions and some mechanical elements, also was verified the number of revolutions, the inflow rate to the turbine Tesla to obtain its efficiency and the curves of behavior in which they intervene besides the pressure and voltage. The mechanical efficiency is indicated with a value of 14% with a speed of 215 rpm and a flow rate of 18.5 l / min, obtaining a voltage of 3 V in direct current.