Ingeniería Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS

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Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Plan de mantenimiento preventivo para las cajas compactadoras de residuos sólidos en el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Municipal de Cayambe
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Pérez Robalino, Nery Rosendo; Carrillo Rosero, Carlos Mauricio
    Due to the lack of a preventive maintenance plan for the compactor boxes in the Municipality of Cayambe, there is a high cost in the repairs of the units, as well as leaving the collection of solid waste without service due to damage to the boxes compactors. In this preventive plan, a diagnosis of the compactor boxes in the field was carried out, through which the current status of each of the units was reviewed, subsequently an analysis of failure modes was prepared according to the procedure established in the AMFEC-NTP 679 regulation. Also, an index of risk priority critics was made, which, as a result of the field inspection, determined that the parts that present the greatest severity of failure are the hydraulic system, hopper and the edge strip of the ejector compactor. As a result, a format for the register of risks of revision and maintenance of the compactor boxes was elaborated. As a conclusion, the preventive maintenance plan was carried out for each part that integrates the compactor boxes, whit a focus on those whites the highest rate of failure risk.
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    Desarrollo de un plan de mantenimiento preventivo para los contenedores y cajas compactadoras de residuos sólidos de la EPM GIDSA de la ciudad de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-10) Rueda Barahona, Luis Andrés; Lascano Moreta, Alejandra Marlene
    This technical project is developed based on the needs of having an adequate preventive maintenance of the containers and compactors of the EPM GIDSA, for the establishment of the quality of the containerized solid waste collection service. Before to the development of the maintenance plan, the identification of the current status of the equipment was required, for which an inspection and monitoring record was carried out on the different collection routes existing in the city, this allowed to know the number of equipment that works correctly and the number of equipment that have failures, as well as the most frequent functional failures. The scheduling of maintenance activities was carried out based on the knowledge of the operational status of the equipment and the determination of its critical components through the execution of an analysis of failure modes, effects and criticality AMFEC based on a follow-up to the procedure developed in the NTP 679 regulations. The maintenance plan indicates the monthly activities to be carried out during the year 2021 as well as their frequency, which can be daily, weekly, monthly, semi-annual, or annual, depending directly on the degree of criticality obtained in the developed analysis
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    Diseño de un plan de gestión y manejo de residuos sólidos y líquidos para el taller automotriz del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del cantón Quero
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Torres Castro, Juan Carlos; Castro Miniguano, Christian Byron
    The present Technical Project was carried out in the Automotive Workshop of the GADM of the Cantón Quero during the final months of the year 2018 and the opening months of the year 2019; It should be mentioned that 20 people directly benefited from the establishment. The purpose of the project is based on the design of a solid and liquid waste management plan through the identification of national legislation, Ecuadorian technical regulations, national and international codes, laws and ordinances. As a necessary starting point for the adequate development of this technical project, the analysis of the current processes of waste management was carried out, through the execution of an exploratory method, scientific observation and the use of the technique of information acquisition "Survey" with its respective questionnaire, whose reliability was validated by the Cronbach's Alpha method. At the same time through bibliographic research of the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, the Organic Code of the Environment, the TULSMA, the NTE INEN: 2841, 2290, 2288 and 2266 and other support literature was identified, analyzed the legal and regulatory framework and the guidelines and procedures for the proper management of waste sludge and used automotive oils were proposed. The project highlights the importance of proposing an adequate management of the waste generated in the production processes of the mentioned establishment, guaranteeing the integrity of the personnel and the conservation of natural resources.
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    Diseño de un plan de manejo de residuos sólidos producidos por el proceso de inyectado de suelas para calzado en la empresa Ingeniería Diseño de Suelas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Palacios Pérez, Jonathan Fernando; Castro Miniguano, Christian Byron
    The technical project was developed based on the generation of solid waste produced, when performing the process of injecting soles into their respective molds, a fact that generates great contamination to the Environment, for this, it began measuring the waste generated by the process of injection of soles for shoes, by means of a visual inspection and using a balance to obtain an average daily weight of waste, which was 60 kg, the measurement was made on usual work days, where the production is 8 daily hours, general plans of the company were made, as well as technical sheets of each machine with its respective AMFE (Modal Analysis of Faults and Effects). For the present technical project the INEN ISO 3864 was used together with the NTE INEN 0439 to specify signals, symbols and colors of each informative, precautionary and emergent sign; For the storage, handling and transportation of waste, NTE INEN 2266 was used; On the other hand, with ISO 14001, environmental management in the company was implemented; In addition, an analysis and evaluation of risks was carried out in the work places where it was necessary to use the NTP 950, 951 and 952, NOM-025-STPS- 2008, INSHT of the forced postures and the Executive Decree 2393, with these regulations and technical notes on prevention, the occupational hazard matrix could be evaluated, so that no risk was found in each of the jobs.
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    Estudio de la conductividad térmica de residuos sólidos dentro de una matriz de yeso, provenientes del proceso de rebajado del cuero en la empresa Curtiduría Tungurahua S.A.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Barriga Miño, Christian Raúl; Paucar Samaniego, Mayra Alejandra
    This project identified the thermal conductivity of solid residue from the process of thinning of the cowhide isolated on a gypsum matrix, establishing their behavior as an insulating material. Arose as to the parameters for the preparation of hot plate oven as well as for the measurement of the thermal conductivity. Mould of A36 steel due to its low cost and malleability obtaining a plaster or gypsum known model was manufactured, this material has a neutral pH, mechanical, acoustic properties and is non-flammable. The five centimeters thick, was selected what dimensions both the oven and the specimen being its measures 30 x 30 x 5 cm. From solid residue from the process of thinning, was dried in a time of 13 days exposed to the environment and protected from the Sun, with outcomes of a pH not suffered alterations being the value of the wet sample 3.39 and dry sample 3.38 this tells us that the drying process was correct, that the presence of water does not influence on it. The compacted chips of leather, performed during a time of 15 min, optimal time for fibers of adhere one with others, without having to add binders. Matrices were sealed with the same cast and determined its weight in 8.8 lb. Oven began testing of functionality of the hot plate exposed to the environment, to obtain values of temperature and voltage. He oven is developed low the standard ASTM C177-13, complying with the dimensions of them specimens, included the thickness of them guards insulating of the oven being it measure minimum of 7.5 cm. For the operation of the cold plate feeding is direct with water from the network, the volumetric method to determine the required flow rate, with a flow rate of 1.25 l/min, which will allow to maintain a constant temperature in the cold plate. To determine the thermal conductivity he is needed that it may take a time of 40 min, values obtained were compared with research and books used as reference, throwing an error of 2% in the oven, and the thermal conductivity of the matrix containing gypsum of chip of leather which was obtained is 0.589 W/m℃.
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    Estudio de la compactación de residuos sólidos en el proceso de raspado del cuero en la fábrica Ecuatoriana de Curtidos Salazar S.A. para reducir su volumen
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2016) Chiluisa Sunta, Darwin Augusto; Núñez Núñez, Diego Fernando
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    Estudio del proceso de trituración de los residuos sólidos orgánicos para reducir la contaminación residual en el mercado mayorista de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2013-10) Arias Pozo, Diego Estuardo; Mayorga Pardo, Alex Santiago
    El presente trabajo de investigación radica en la realización de los estudios de los residuos sólidos orgánicos que son generados en las instalaciones de la Empresa Pública Municipal Mercado Mayorista Ambato, (EP-EMA) con el objetivo de reducir la contaminación residual que existe en las zonas donde se realizan las actividades comerciales, además se tiene como finalidad principal la reducción del tamaño por medio de un proceso unitario (trituración) de los residuos sólidos orgánicos para producir abono orgánico. La investigación se fundamenta en un estudio de campo de algunos meses de la mayor generación de los residuos sólidos orgánicos en el EP-EMA, mediante el empleo de la apreciación visual y de equipos de los laboratorios de las Facultades de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica y Facultad de Ingeniería en Alimentos, de donde se obtuvieron determinaciones como: tamaños de partículas de los residuos orgánico e inorgánicos, densidades unitarias y voluminosas, composiciones másicas y volumétricas, contenido de humedad y la concentración potencial Hidrógeno (pH) de los residuos de estudio, con el propósito de determinar un análisis del proceso unitario más óptimos de reducción del tamaño de la materia orgánica. También se efectúa la investigación de los contaminantes residuales existentes en la EP-EMA, así como la disposición adecuada de los contenedores y planificación de futuras campañas de concientización hacia los comerciantes con el objetivo de dar alternativas para el mejoramiento de la salubridad y de esta manera contribuir a la reducción de la contaminación residual. De los estudios realizados se establece conclusiones y recomendaciones, de donde se determina el proceso unitario adecuado para la reducción de tamaño de los residuos orgánicos incorporando la trituración por impacto. Finalmente se diseña y se construye el triturador de martillos en acero inoxidable para residuos orgánicos, basándose en parámetros fundamentales como: tamaños de los residuos; generación diaria, contenido de humedad; pH. etc.
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    Estudio de los factores técnicos que afectan el correcto funcionamiento del camión recolector de desechos modelo CCL 120, para disminuir los daños frecuentes en la estructura del sistema compactador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2013-07) Poveda Almeida, Welligton Vladimir; Guamanquispe Toasa, Jorge Patricio
    En el presente trabajo de investigación sé determinó los factores que afectan al adecuado funcionamiento del camión recolector de desechos modelo CCL 120, cuando se someten a la carga de trabajo diaria, verificando la utilización del acero utilizado en la construcción del compactador mediante un análisis microestructural, posterior efectuando un análisis de esfuerzos combinados mediante las ecuaciones del método ASD usando diferentes aceros estructurales y variando el área de la sección transversal de las mismas, datos que sirvieron para realizar un análisis estadístico inferencial para determinar la influencia que puede tener la fuerza de trabajo sobre las bases de la estructura del compactador. De igual manera se determinó los valores correspondientes a la deformación de las bases inferiores de la estructura, debidos a la carga de trabajo de la prensa bajo la acción de los cilindros óleo-hidráulicos, fundamentos que sirvieron para realizar un nuevo análisis del material, diseño y dimensiones utilizados en la construcción de las bases inferiores de la estructura del compactador, proporcionando una mejor influencia de la fuerza de trabajo aplicada sobre las estructura.