Ingeniería Mecánica

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    Diseño y construcción de un molde para la elaboración de platos desechables a partir de material biodegradable de bagazo de caña de azúcar
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-02) Guamán Cando, Brayan Manuel; López Velástegui, Jorge Enrique
    The increase in the use of single-use products and items, primarily made from petroleum derivatives such as plastic, contributes to environmental pollution due to inefficient recycling and disposal practices. This necessitates the exploration and development of new materials with biodegradable properties. The objective of this work is to encourage and promote research and the use of biodegradable materials. To achieve this, a mold was designed and constructed for the production of plates using biodegradable material derived from sugarcane bagasse. A hypothetical-deductive research approach was employed, considering design parameters for mold construction and specific standards for its use in food-contact processes. Thermal-structural analyses of the mold were conducted using specialized software, simulating situations with predetermined conditions. Regarding the biodegradable material, various experimental tests were conducted based on quantities previously explored in earlier research. Modifications were made to the recommended amounts, and their behavior was observed until optimal performance was achieved. Tests were conducted to verify the mechanical properties of the obtained product. Based on the results of mechanical tests (bending and impact tests) performed on the biodegradable material, it was determined that the optimal composition includes 20 grams of sugarcane bagasse, 35 grams of potato starch, and 33 milliliters of water, under pressing conditions of 110 degrees Celsius and 8 bars.
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    Diseño de una cámara de Sandblasting, para el tratamiento y mantenimiento de tanques bajo normativa ASME en la empresa Induacero CIA. LTDA.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Rodríguez Chicaiza, John Sebastian; Guamanquispe Toasa, Jorge Patricio
    , This technical project was developed due to the need of having a sandblasting chamber to perform the surface cleaning process of the pressure vessels manufactured by INDUACERO Cia. Ltda. achieving to minimize production times and maintain a contamination free space for the operators. For the respective design of the chamber, physical and mechanical parameters were identified, such as the dimensions of the largest container that should enter the chamber and according to the needs required by the company. As abrasive material was assigned the use of metallic shot for its high efficiency and its capacity of reuse from 700 to 5000 times these abrasive particles are projected at high speed by means of a pressure system against the surface of the container by means of a gun, also was developed a system of recirculation of the abrasive by means of a cyclone type Stairmand of high capacity. The pertinent calculations were made for the design of the chamber with the requested parameters, then an analysis of the results was carried out; finally, the design was made in a finite element software and the plans and the financial study of the project were incorporated, obtaining as a result an efficient chamber in terms of its operation and dimensions required by the company.