Ingeniería Mecánica

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    Análisis de las propiedades de sección transversal de perfiles tipo UV conformados en frío
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-08) López Espín, Jonathan David; Torrealba Toledo, Kevin Alexander; Peña Jordán, Francisco Agustín
    Information on cold-formed structural elements is limited, but has become indispensable in the field of construction, as it allows for improved design and analysis of structures. In the present investigation, a comprehensive analysis of the section properties of 6 and 8 mm thicknesses was carried out. It started with a review of information to understand the behaviour of these profiles, section properties such as inertias, torsional constants and warping constants were calculated using traditional analytical methods. To validate these calculations, a mathematical model based on the finite element method (FEM) was developed, which allowed the behaviour of the cross-sections to be simulated more accurately. Experimental torsion, bending and compression tests were performed to compare the results obtained by analytical calculations and FEM analysis. In the case of the tests to determine the warping constant, technical limitations were faced, such as the lack of a high test machine for compression tests on thicker sections, which led to the use of thinner sections. Finally, the results showed that the FEM provides intermediate predictions between analytical methods and experimental tests, the differences observed in the behaviour of the specimens were discussed, conclusions were drawn on the discrepancy of results between the different methods, and recommendations for future studies were proposed, including the application of heat treatments to the profiles to improve the values obtained in the tests.
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    Optimización - MSR del material compuesto de matriz epoxi reforzado con fibra natural Chambira (Astrocaryum) y sintética (vidrio) mediante infusión de resina al vacío y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Tipantasig Pérez, Johnny Israel; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    The present experimental work seeks to determine the optimization of the mechanical properties of the compound developed by means of an Epoxy resin matrix (Aeropoxy), reinforced with two layers of natural chambira fiber (Astrocaryum) and a synthetic glass fiber (Fiber Glass HexForce 7788), using the vacuum resin infusion method, subjected to curing of the specimens to finally fragment them through laser cutting. Applying the Response Surfaces Methodology, the Minitab statistical analysis software was used in which the mechanical properties of the composite material were analyzed, using the Box-Behnken design in which we entered 3 input factors with 3 levels each: Orientation 1 (-45.0.45) degrees, Orientation 2 (-45.0.45) degrees and the temperature (60,90,120) degrees Celsius. In the design, the total number of samples to be obtained was indicated and later the respective treatments were carried out to execute the destructive mechanical tests of each case. These results were validated by complying with the parametric assumptions specified in the design. Through the ANOVA analysis of variance, the global analysis was determined with the best combination of the mechanical properties that interact in the process, which gave us values for orientation 1 of 23.18 degrees, orientation 2 of -10.45 degrees and a temperature of 60 degrees Celsius, also in the global optimization a desirability of 0.5173 was obtained.
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    Estudio del comportamiento a fatiga mecánica por flexión en materiales poliméricos compuestos de matriz poliéster con fibra de abacá para determinar la relación esfuerzo-número de ciclos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2015-05-20) Chisaguano Adame, José Luis; Guamanquispe Toasa, Jorge Patricio
    El presente estudio de investigación se basa en realizar un cierto número de probetas estandarizadas con una frecuencia de 30 Hz, sobre los cuales se generaron fracturas dependiendo del esfuerzo aplicado, se determinó el número de ciclos hasta la falla para el análisis de fatiga mecánica por flexión en la composición de resina poliéster con fibra de abacá en el que nos permita, encontrar un número de ciclos que nos indique el porcentaje óptimo de matriz para establecer la construcción de elementos dentro de la industria. Debido al estudio fatiga mecánica por flexión en materiales poliméricos compuestos de matriz poliéster con fibra de abacá se determinaron la relación esfuerzo-número de ciclos, se realizaron ensayos bajo algunos parámetros de la NORMA ASTM D- 671, por lo que fueron realizadas las probetas en su porcentaje de volumen y su estructuración obteniendo así el espécimen con mejores propiedades mecánicas en su deflexión. Finalmente se analizó un caso práctico utilizando los métodos descriptores: resina poliéster, fibra de abacá, matriz, esfuerzo-número de ciclos, elementos finitos.