Ingeniería Mecánica

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    Análisis de la flamabilidad de placas de policloruro de vinilo (pvc) utilizadas en tomacorrientes con el fin de determinar su índice de flamabilidad, según la norma NTE INEN-ISO 11925-2.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2025-02) Guayaquil Peralta, Alexis Gabriel; Espín Guerrero, Víctor Rodrigo
    Fire safety is crucial in construction materials, making the implementation of safety standards with certifications essential to ensure their reliability. This research analyzes the flammability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plates used in electrical outlets, evaluated under the NTE INEN – ISO 11925 – 2 standard. The objective of this test is to determine the flammability index of PVC. The material was conditioned to meet the parameters imposed by the standard and exposed to a flame source for 30 and 60 seconds in two configurations: edge and surface, as well as longitudinal and transverse orientations. The parameters evaluated according to the standard included ignition, flame propagation up to 150 mm, material dripping, and filter paper ignition. The gases generated were captured using a gas meter, while thermal characterization and the use of a thermographic camera were valuable in developing a flammability test simulation. The test results were recorded and analyzed according to the standard, helping to determine the flammability index. Due to its characteristics, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has a low flammability index and was classified based on its fire reaction behavior as: A1 – s2, d0. Finally, the toxicity levels of the emitted gases were analyzed, and the simulation results revealed the percentage variation in temperatures between the actual and simulated scenarios, providing a complementary contribution to this research.
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    Diseño y construcción de una cámara de inflamabilidad horizontal con extractor de gases para el laboratorio de inflamabilidad de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, para ensayos de reacción al fuego y determinación de los comportamientos de combustión de los materiales interiores de vehículos de carretera, tractores y maquinaria para la agricultura y silvicultura de acuerdo con la norma ISO 3795-2
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Aldás Sánchez, Luis Fernando; Coque Núñez, José Raúl; Espín Guerrero, Víctor Rodrigo
    Nowadays, companies that manufacture bodywork must comply with a series of requirements and regulations, including the use of materials that safeguard the passenger's life in the event of an automobile accident; for this reason, the combustion rate of the materials used in the internal part of the bodywork must tend to zero or must be self-extinguishing. This project meets the requirements of the ISO 3795-2 standard, it also has several systems that are removable, which allowed easy maintenance and exchange of parts, has a control panel that allowed setting the time the specimen will be exposed to fire at the same time the internal temperature of the flammability chamber is controlled, once the flame touches the first point of measurement the user is able to operate the timer, then when the flame reaches the last point of measurement the operator could stop the timer. The results obtained in 64 samples of navaleado fabric are shown, demonstrating the correct operation of the flammability chamber, since its recovery factor is less than 10 percent.
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    Implementación de los requisitos técnicos que establece la norma NTE-ISO-IEC 17025-2018 para los ensayos de inflamabilidad de juguetes para los laboratorios de la Carrera Ingeniería Mecánica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2022-09) Pullopaxi Aimacaña, Edwin Fabian; Castro Miniguano, Christian Byron
    This degree project was responsible for implementing the records established by the NTE INEN-ISO/IEC 17025-2018 standard in the Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory of the Technical University of Ambato, for which a series of documents have been developed containing: procedures, instructions, records and regulations that allow forming a management system that will contribute to the optimal functioning of the aforementioned laboratory. In addition, a series of tests were developed in the flammability chamber of toys in conjunction with the NTE INE-ISO 8124-2 "TOYS SAFETY - PART 2: FLAMMABILITY (ISO 8124-2:2007, IDT)", in which we have a classification of 8 classes of toys, which are necessary to prepare them prior to performing the tests, being these as: trimming to a certain size, environmental treatments with a specific temperature and humidity as a method of conditioning and specific cleaning methods. The average obtained according to its propagation speed (mm/s) or the distance (mm) of calcination that this must have, we proceed to conclude that the toy is not flammable, self-extinguishing or a danger of flame propagation.