Tesis Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

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    Evaluación del aceite de palma y premezcla gluconeogénica sobre el comportamiento productivo en cerdas primíparas
    (2024-08) Almeida Enríquez, Catherine Belén; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of palm oil and a gluconeogenic premix on the productive performance of primiparous sows. The research took place on the premises of the pig producer "Martita" located in the parish of Checa, canton Quito, and province of Pichincha. The study included 10 nulliparous Landrace x Yorkshire crossbred sows with an average weight of 80 kg +/- 10 kg in which two treatments were tested: T0 = 0% energy replacement (kcal) provided by palm oil, with a gluconeogenic premix and T1 = 100% energy replacement (kcal) provided by palm oil, with a gluconeogenic premix. For each treatment, five repetitions were used per treatment, integrating one sow per repetition. In the comparison of means, the T Student statistical test was used with a confidence level of 95%. The variables analyzed in this study included backfat thickness, feed intake during gestation and lactation, weight gain, piglet weight at birth and weaning, litter size, pre-weaning mortality, weaning-oestrus interval, pregnancy rate and partial costs. The results reported that replacing 100% of the energy provided by palm oil with a gluconeogenic premix significantly impacted cumulative feed intake especially during the last weeks of gestation and at the beginning of the lactation stage. However, it did not significantly affect the average daily feed intake in the two stages. Similarly, T1 considerably reduced backfat thickness during these periods. On the other hand, significant differences were observed in the weight of piglets from sows fed with the gluconeogenic premix, during birth and weaning, being these higher compared to the control group. In addition, the pre-weaning mortality rate was significantly lower in the T1 group. Finally, in the cost analysis, although the total cost was slightly higher for the T1 group due to the higher intake, it should be stressed that the improved results, such as piglet weight and reduced pre-weaning mortality, indicate that the benefits could justify the additional expense.
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    Efecto de la Acacia melanoxylon en diferentes niveles más enzimas fibrolíticas sobre el comportamiento productivo y digestibilidad en ovinos
    (2022-09) Abarca Cabrera, Alex Enrique; Aragadvay Yungán, Ramón Gonzalo
    The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of Acacia melanoxylon plus fibrolytic enzymes on the productive behavior and digestibility in sheep. This research was carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - UTA. 18 weaned sheep with an average weight of 15 kg were used, in a completely randomized design (DCA) with three groups and 6 repetitions, with diets: T0: Control diet that does not contain inclusion of Acacia melanoxylon, T1: 15% inclusion of Acacia melanoxylon and T2: 30% inclusion of Acacia melanoxylon + 0.2% fibrolytic enzymes. Voluntary intake, weight gain, feed conversion and digestibility in sheep were evaluated. The voluntary consumption of Dry Matter was higher (0.0002) for T1 (1265.25) and T2 (1268.85) compared to T0 (863.75), in Organic Matter it showed differences being higher (0.0002) for T1 (1207.43) and T2 (1206.05) in relation to T0 (831.35); In neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber there were very significant differences (<0.0001) between treatments, being the highest T2 (442.00 and 97.72 respectively) for the other treatments. The weight gain obtained differences between treatments (P=0.0288) being higher for T1 (147.90) and the best feed conversion was for T2 (0.08). The apparent digestibility of DM and OM did not show significant differences; however, there is an increase in digestibility in T1 (67.48 MS and 68.42 MO) and T2 (72.97 MS and 75.53 MO) compared to T0 that only obtained (44.18 MS and 45. 14 MO). In neutral detergent fiber they did not show significant differences (0.0002) for T1 (31,40) and T2 (50,27) in relation to T0 (13.92); And the acid detergent fiber did not show significant differences between T0 (22.39) and T1 (22.58) but the best digestibility of (FDA) was obtained by T2 (37.46). The voluntary intake of digestible DM was higher (0.0002) for T1 (874.82) and T2 (908.58) compared to T0 (637.30); In MO, a difference (0.0004) was found, being (846.30) for T1 and (869.50) for T2, while T0 obtained (627.32); FDN and FDA showed significant differences (<0.0001) in T2 (218.88 and 35.58 respectively). The voluntary consumption of the metabolic weight in DM was higher (0.0009) in T1 (106.93) and T2 (109.66) for T0 (79.65); in MO it was higher (0.0013) for T1 (102.03) and T2 (104.23) compared to T0 (76.67); in FDN and FDA in T2 were significantly different for (<0.0001) being (38.20 and 7.81 respectively). It was concluded that the use of Acacia melanoxylon plus fibrolytic enzymes improves the productive performance and digestibility in sheep.