Producción de biogás utilizando biomasa residual pecuaria con fibra vegetal y enriquecida con lactosuero, como alternativa para mitigar los gases de efecto invernadero

Abstract

The objective of this research was to produce biogas using residual livestock biomass with vegetable fiber and enriched with whey. Where it was evaluated: the effect of the combination of solid material in percentage value of 75% and 25%, while liquid at 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% concentration on the production of biogas as well as methane in vitro and the contents of volatile fatty acids were determined. The results accumulated at 312 hours reported indicate that T4 (167.83 ml) presents the highest obtaining of biogas in vitro, showing differences (P <0.05) between the evaluated treatments. Regarding the methane produced, T1 produced (1.78 ml) registering (P <0.05) significant differences between treatments, considering in its mixture 100% water, without any addition of serum, while T4, which involved 25% of milk serum in its composition, reported the highest release of methane with a volume of (1.32 ml), stabilizing the production after 192 hours between the treatments that contained serum in its formulation. The most volatile fatty acids detected (P = 0.0001) were acetic acid 69.96 mmol / mol in T4, propionic acid 25.05 mmol / mol, present in T1 (14.95 mmol / mol), T2 (14.28 mmol / mol), T3 (14.33 mmol / mol) and T5 (15.01 mmol / mol) of butyric acid. It can be concluded that the use of bovine excreta with vegetable fiber, enriched with whey at a reduced concentration of 25% of (T4), produces biogas and methane, which constitutes an energy alternative and allows reducing greenhouse gases