Evaluación del volumen de carga aguda – crónica y su relación con el dolor musculoesquelético en corredores amateurs

Abstract

The present research work was carried out with the objective of determining the volume of acute-chronic loading with musculoskeletal pain in amateur runners. Load volume refers to the total amount of physical work performed by a runner, including distance traveled, duration and intensity of training. Acute load refers to the magnitude of the training stimulus over a short period of time, such as a week, while chronic load refers to the accumulation of load over time, such as a month or several months. Musculoskeletal pain is a common sign among amateur runners, and may be related to excessive or inappropriate loading in training. Assessment of acute and chronic volume loading can help identify potential risk factors and prevent musculoskeletal injuries. The relationship between loading volume and musculoskeletal pain is complex and may vary between runners. A sudden or excessive increase in volume loading can increase the risk of musculoskeletal pain, while gradual and appropriate progression can help prevent injury. The present research is correlational and uses a quantitative approach to analyze the relationship between acute-chronic load and musculoskeletal pain in amateur runners. The "Acute Chronical Workload Ratio" (ACWR) model will be used to evaluate training load, and this variable will be related to musculoskeletal pain measured by the numerical pain scale (NRS). The study is prospective and longitudinal, since weekly evaluations of the variables will be carried out over a period of three consecutive months. In this study, the volume of acute-chronic load and its relationship with musculoskeletal pain was analyzed in a group of amateur runners. It was found that the average ACWR was 1.22, which indicates a categorization in the optimal middle zone of the load ratio. Regarding the evaluation of pain using the numerical pain scale (NRS), it was observed that 21.7% of the runners had pain, with a mean NRS of 1.35, which indicates a level of pain. Furthermore, a moderate relationship was found between acute-chronic loading volume and musculoskeletal pain, indicating that excessive loading may contribute to the development of pain in recreational runners.