Análisis de la biomecánica del ordeño mecánico en ganaderos

Abstract

The present research work aims to analyze the biomechanics of farmers who use mechanical milking through ergonomic evaluations in order to relate it to the risk of suffering musculoskeletal injuries. The research has a quantitative approach where the kinematics and muscle strength involved in the work activity of 15 cattlemen were evaluated. The kinematics were evaluated through recordings of the Pre-Milking and Post-Milking sub-activities, choosing the most uncomfortable and repetitive postures, which were scored according to the classification of the REBA method, for their degrees of mobility, loads, repetitive movements and static postures, thus identifying a low or very high risk presented by the farmers in the activity of mechanical milking. The evaluation of muscle strength was evaluated with greater emphasis on the musculature that represents a greater activity in the mechanical milking work, such as: external and internal rotators of the shoulder, anterior deltoid, elbow flexor, finger flexor and finally the deep craniocervical muscles and those that maintain the neutral lumbopelvic position. Obtaining an average ergonomic risk rating of 8-10 that represents a high risk in their activities and in the muscle strength does not present a synergy between the agonist and antagonist muscles that could damage their health that can produce musculoskeletal symptoms in the long term, limiting them to develop their activities normally in livestock farmers.