Análisis de la resistencia a compresión del hormigón al sustituir parcialmente el cemento hidráulico tipo GU por ceniza volcánica

Abstract

The research focuses on determining the influence of ash from the Tungurahua volcano on concrete as a supplementary material for cement, for the mitigation of polluting gases generated in the cement industrialization process and the consideration of the use of unconventional natural resources existing in the area where the project in being developed. In the experimental work, 19 mm coarse aggregate from the city of Ambato, fine aggregate from the city of Salcedo, ash from Tungurahua and Type GU cement were used. The materials were prepared in the laboratory of the Civil Engineering Department where they were analysed and tested according to the technical specifications of ASTM and NTE INEN standards. Physical properties of cement and volcanic ash were determined by testing for actual densities by Le Chatelier´s method, fineness by air permeability test with Blaine´s apparatus, initial and final setting times with Vicat´s Manual Apparatus and Vicat´s Automatic Apparatus. Finally, the concrete dosage was designed according to the Optimum Density Method for a strength of 240 kilograms per square centimetre expected at 28 days of age, in cylinders of 10 centimetres in diameter and 20 centimetres in height, for normal concrete and with 10, 20 and 30 percentages of ash substitution in place of cement, from which concrete densities were determined in the fresh state, in the hardened state and compressive strengths that indicate the behaviour of the mixtures.