Ingeniería Civil
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Item Análisis comparativo de pavimentos flexibles y rígidos en la vía ambato-cevallos mediante metodologías aashto 93 y pca con el uso de material pétreo de la cantera el salvador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-09) Morillo Pérez Kimberly Madelein; López Arboleda Alex Gustavo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilItem Influencia de aditivo aireante combinado con macrofibras de polipropileno en hormigones de alta resistencia frente al spalling(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-08) Yanzaguano Toainga Bryan Daniel; Navarro Peñaherrera Carlos Patricio; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis experimental study analyzes the influence of an air-entraining admixture (AEA) combined with polypropylene macrofibers on the behavior of high-strength concrete subjected to spalling under high temperatures. Seven mix designs (D1–D7) were developed with different air-entraining contents (0.03% and 0.07%) and fiber dosages (1 and 3 kg/m³), producing a total of 105 specimens exposed to temperatures of 20°C, 100°C, 300°C, 700°C, and 1200°C for 3 hours. The results showed that mass loss increases with temperature, reaching values of 20.2% in the control mix at 1200°C, while modified mixtures reduced this value to 11.2%, demonstrating improved thermal stability. Regarding compressive strength, an initial increase was observed at 100°C (up to 136%), followed by a proportional decrease at 300°C, and a significant reduction at 700°C, with values ranging between 21% and 32%. At 1200°C, mixes without fiber exhibited complete failure (0.00 MPa), whereas those incorporating fibers retained residual strength of up to 6.69 MPa. Additionally, spalling was more severe in conventional concrete, while mixtures with AEA and fibers showed reduced disintegration and cracking. It is concluded that their combination helps reduce internal vapor pressure, improve structural integrity, and enhance the residual strength of concrete under extreme thermal conditions.EItem Evaluación de las propiedades físico – mecánicas de muestras de adobe reforzadas con fibra natural de totora (SCHOENOPLECTUS CALIFORNICUS)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-08) Arias Rodríguez Santiago Alejandro; Ureña Aguirre Maritza Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of conventional adobe and adobe reinforced with natural totora reed (Schoenoplectus californicus) fiber, using the E.080 Standard as a reference to analyze its suitability as a sustainable building material. The research was conducted in three phases: characterization of the soils of the Chambo cantón using particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, moisture content, and Unified Soil Classification System (USCS); production of adobe bricks with 0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00% fiber; and execution of compression, indirect tensile, flexural, and 28-day absorption tests. The final mixture contained 79.71% sand and 20.29% fines, classifying it as clayey sand (CS), with a plasticity index of 8.01%, which allowed for adequate molding. In compression, the conventional adobe reached 19.86 kg/cm², exceeding the minimum of 10.2 kg/cm² established by Standard E.080; while in indirect tension, it obtained 1.81 kg/cm², also higher than the minimum value of 0.81 kg/cm². The dosage of 0.25% totora fiber achieved the best performance, with 26.92 kg/cm² in compression and 2.39 kg/cm² in indirect tension. In flexure, the same percentage reached 4.73 kg/cm², compared to 6.85 kg/cm² for the standard adobe. Higher dosages reduced resistance due to voids, cracks, and less compaction. In absorption, no sample completed 24 hours of immersion. It is concluded that 0.25% totora fiber is the optimal percentage, provided that the adobe is protected from direct moisture by means of foundations, eaves or coverings that limit the contact of the block with water during its service.Item Optimización de la red de alcantarillado tributaria a la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales Piñanatug de la parroquia Moraspungo cantón Pangua provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-08) Endara Ramos Kevin Andres; Moya Medina Dilon German; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis project comprehensively optimizes the sanitary sewerage network tributary to the Piñanatug Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), located in the Moraspungo parish, Pangua canton. This initiative arises in response to a significant issue: an atypically high water demand, discovered after conducting surveys to verify the actual per capita consumption, which was quantified at 401.44 liters per inhabitant per day. To resolve this situation, a new hydrosanitary system was strategically projected for a twenty-five-year design horizon, guaranteeing its future viability. The technical design encompasses the implementation of an extensive 4.5 kilometer network, utilizing 200-millimeter diameter PVC pipes. This hydraulic configuration ensures continuous compliance with the tractive forces necessary to facilitate the self-cleaning of the conduits, drastically minimizing any future blockages and reducing maintenance costs. Regarding the WWTP facilities, the in situ verification of the volumetric capacity of the existing septic tank and Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF) confirms that they comply with the established parameters, such as the Required Theoretical Total Volume and the retention period. Additionally, pretreatment units were incorporated, including a screening system and drying beds intended for the proper stabilization of sludge. It is imperative to highlight that, due to the imminent and severe risk of scour and fluvial flooding, the technical evaluation dictates the relocation of the plant as a mandatory action. Finally, the construction of this vital sanitation infrastructure will require a budget of USD 643,082.89, executable in 44 weeks.Item Diagnóstico de eficiencia hidrosanitaria y propuesta técnica de aprovechamiento de aguas pluviales y optimización de consumo en las edificaciones principales del Campus Huachi de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-06) Llamuca Cisneros Odalis Dayana; López Arboleda Alex Gustavo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis thesis aims to analyze the water and sanitation efficiency of the main buildings on the Huachi Campus of the Technical University of Ambato, in order to identify opportunities for improvement in water use. To this end, a technical assessment is conducted, including the collection of information on sanitary fixtures, internal networks, and consumption patterns in the various academic and administrative buildings. Based on this analysis, a baseline for potable water consumption is established, and potential losses, inefficiencies, or inappropriate uses of the resource are evaluated. Additionally, the potential for rainwater harvesting is studied by analyzing roof areas and the climatic conditions of the region, allowing for the estimation of usable volumes for non-potable uses. Based on the results obtained, a technical proposal is developed that integrates wáter conservation and reuse strategies, such as the implementation of rainwater harvesting systems and the incorporation of efficient plumbing fixtures. These measures seek to reduce potable water consumption and promote a more sustainable use of the resource within the campus. Finally, the study aims to provide viable and applicable solutions that contribute to compliance with national regulations and sustainability criteria, generating a positive impact on both the environmental and economic aspects of the institutionItem Evaluación de las propiedades de la ceniza del carrizo como estabilizador de suelos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-05) Paredes Tamayo Brando Josue; Pérez Maldonado Ruth Lorena; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis research analyzes the behavior of two sandy soils stabilized with reed ash, from the Patate (M1) and Mera (M2) cantons. The study aims to improve the soil's bearing capacity, as this property directly influences the performance and durability of road and civil infrastructure projects. The research sought to determine the influence of reed ash incorporation on the index and technical properties of both soils through laboratory tests. The experimental development was carried out in three phases: the first involved the collection and preparation of the reed ash; the second consisted of determining the index and mechanical properties of the soils in their natural state and stabilized with 4%, 8%, and 12% reed ash; and the third evaluated the technical, economic, and environmental viability of the resulting mixtures. The results showed similar behavior in both materials, due to their granular nature. Soil M1 was classified as SW according to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and A-1 according to the American Society of Soil and Forestry Agents (AASHTO), while soil M2 was classified as SP and A-3. In both cases, the best performance was obtained with an 8% application of reed ash, achieving CBR values of 21.50% for M1 and 19.50% for M2, exceeding the natural values of 14.90% and 10.10%, respectively. These results demonstrate that reed ash significantly improves the properties of sandy soils.Item Análisis hidroclimático histórico de ecosistemas de páramo en la provincia de Tungurahua en puntos centinela(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-05) Sánchez Falconí Daniela Cristina; Paredes Beltrán Bolívar Eduardo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilWater security in Tungurahua relies on páramo ecosystems, a vital source for Ambato, Píllaro, Cevallos, Patate, and Baños. Nonetheless, technical management is limited by sparse meteorological coverage in high-mountain areas and incomplete historical records. This research analyzed historical hydroclimatic behavior (1985–2024) through sentinel points, integrating records from 17 stations (INAMHI and HGPT networks) with global ERA5-Land and CHIRPS v2.0 datasets. The methodology included statistical homogenization protocols (Pettitt, SNHT, and Buishand tests) and a cross-validation procedure that enabled the application of monthly bias correction, detecting that ERA5-Land underestimates temperature by an average of +2.2°C. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s Slope estimator were employed to identify significant trends. Findings reveal a statistically significant warming trend at the Píllaro station (+0.023°C/year), resulting in a cumulative increase of +0.75°C over the study period. Precipitation presented no significant linear trends, indicating that interannual variability dominates the local pluviometric regime. As a knowledge transfer product, automated climatological fact sheets and thematic cartography were developed for the HGPT and the Páramo Fund, facilitating evidence-based territorial management. It is concluded that integrating bias-corrected global data is a robust tool for bridging information gaps in mountain ecosystems, providing essential inputs for water resource planning and climate change adaptation in the province of TungurahuaItem Diagnóstico operativo y propuesta técnica de optimización de la infraestructura de movilidad y estacionamiento en el Campus Huachi de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-05) Huerta Luzuriaga Jeremy Ismael; Arellano Yasaca Diana Victoria; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis research arises from the need to evaluate the mobility and parking infrastructure in the Huachi Campus of the UTA, in order to formulate a technical proposal for sustainable mobility that contributes to the efficiency and safety of its internal road network. The diagnosis addressed the demand for places at specific times, use of non-delimited places for this service, deficiency of the signage and standardized dimensions of the parking lots. Methodologically, this project was divided into three phases. First, vehicular capacity was made in the three entrances of the university, during a week of academic activities and a geometric road survey of the parking lots in 12 different areas was carried out. Second, indicators of supply, demand, occupation and rotation were analyzed, in addition, the regulatory compliance of the accessibility parking spaces NTE INEN 2248, RTE INEN 004-1 and 004-2 was reviewed, later, based on the Guide 2026 UI GrennMetric, the TR1 and TR5 indicators of sustainable mobility were evaluated. The quantitative results recorded as the average flow of about 1744 vehicles daily. Although internally the internal road network of the campus has an estimated operational performance at Service Level B, the offer provided by the University of 500 places in 12 different areas is insufficient in the face of the concentration of demand, detecting deficiencies in the signaling and dimensions outside the aforementioned standards. In the final phase, a plan of spatial reorganization and geometric standardization of the squares was designed. The technical-economic proposal offered included the renovation or relocation of vertical and horizontal signage, improvements in pedestrian flows and a correct distribution in the preferential places. In conclusion, the project demonstrated viability by increasing capacity to 556 spaces, mitigating informal parking and promoting an accessible, safe and sustainable university environment for both vehicles and pedestrians.Item Evaluación de la calidad sanitaria del agua y su relación con la eficiencia hidráulica (presión de operación) en la red de distribución del sistema rural de agua potable de Yatchil Central, cantón Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-05) Viteri Jaramillo Jimmy Daniel; Gallardo Donoso Lidia Jhoanna; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis study evaluated the sanitary quality of water and its relationship with the hydraulic efficiency of the drinking water system of Yatchil Central, Píllaro canton. For this purpose, the system was characterized using documentary information, field inspections, plans provided by the Municipal GAD, complementary surveying, and hydraulic-sanitary modeling in Software. The analyzed system included the transmission line from El Porvenir, the pumping line to the Yatchil Yanahurco tank, and six distribution networks. The research integrated steady-state and extended period hydraulic simulations, in situ measurements, laboratory analyses, tank flow measurement, and adjustment of the sanitary model. The population contrast identified 125 registered users, equivalent to an approximate population of 500 inhabitants, lower than the initial design population of 864 inhabitants and the future population of 1106 inhabitants. The hydraulic results showed differences between networks. Network 1 presented velocities of up to 1.90 m/s, while Networks 5 and 6 recorded maximum velocities close to 0.36 m/s and 0.33 m/s. The highest relative water age occurred in Network 2, with 23 h at node J-20. Regarding sanitary quality, free chlorine residual ranged from 0.00 to 0.34 mg/L in the network, while 0.80 mg/L was recorded in the tank. pH, total dissolved solids, and conductivity remained stable, and the laboratory samples reported absence of coliforms. It was concluded that the critical condition was the loss of free chlorine residual in sectors with low renewal, higher permanence, extreme location, or unfavorable operating conditions.Item Predicción de la resistencia a compresión del hormigón simple usando el modelo Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-07-05) Mosquera Merchán Karen Alexandra; Viscaíno Cuzco Mayra Alexandra; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis study developed a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model to predict the 28-day compressive strength of plain concrete, as an alternative to traditional experimental methods that require laboratory testing. A database of 282 concrete mixes was compiled from research published in national university repositories, consisting of a set of 25 predictor variables for model construction. Five LASSO models with different sets of predictors were proposed, distinguishing between models with original input variables and models based on ratio-type variables. The five models were trained using K-fold cross-validation with K=3 to select the optimal regularization parameter λ. The LASSO-3 model, consisting of 25 predictor variables with a logarithmic transformation applied to the curing age, achieved the best performance with R²=0.720, RMSE=29.530 kg/cm², and MAPE=10.454%, demonstrating that the original variables capture the information better than ratio-type variables in a regularized linear regression model. During the evaluation with new mixtures, the model showed greater accuracy at average strengths of 240 kg/cm² with an RMSE of 11.545 kg/cm² and an MAPE of 2.944%, and limitations due to overestimation and underestimation at the extremes of the evaluated range (210 and 300 kg/cm2 ), a behavior inherent to linear models and a possible lack of representative data in those ranges. The results obtained demonstrate the viability of the LASSO model as a predictive tool for the design of plain concrete mixtures with normal strengths.