Análisis de los efectos de las cargas dinámicas durante el impacto frontal de autobuses sobre los pasajeros

Abstract

This thesis work analyzed the behavior of the superstructure of a bus subjected to a dynamic frontal crash, using the Ecuadorian regulation NTE INEN 1688- Intraregional, interprovincial and intraprovincial public passenger transport vehicles. The purpose is to analyze the injuries produced in a dynamic frontal crash of interprovincial buses, which will be evaluated according to the criteria of regulation R80 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The regulation is based on a real situation of a standardized dynamic frontal crash. For the analysis of the superstructure, the front part of the passengers was considered, three simulations were carried out: without seat belt, with two-point and three-point seat belt, in each test a hybrid III dummy was used, which is placed in a mobile structure that has an acceleration pulse as indicated in the R80 UNECE regulation. With the investigation of the results obtained, it was demonstrated that the use of twopoint and three-point seat belts provide a similar behavior in the dummy when simulating a frontal crash of the selected part of the bus structure, so it is very important to place any of these two belts for the passengers, since if they are not used, it shows serious injuries.