Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item Acción de Acceso a la Información Pública y su incidencia en el Derecho a la Defensa(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-01-27) Pérez Mejía, Jennifer Paulina; Romo Santana, José LuisAccess to public information is a constitutional guarantee stipulated in the Constitution and the Organic Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information. It applies When a public institution fails to provide the requested information. The refusal may be total or partial. Such situations can affect due procpess, constitutional principles, and the right to defense, among other things. The objective of this research is to analyze and understand the importance of this constitutional action in practical scenarios where limitations arise in the exercise of the right to defense that could lead to possible nullity. The study was developed using a qualitative approach and a documentary bibliographic analysis. It is framed within a line of public policy, law, and society, allowing for the development of both normative and doctrinal concepts related to this guarantee. The interview guide used is an interview with a population or convenience sample composed of judges from Ambato to learn their criteria regarding this constitutional action and the administrative improvements they suggest. The research lends itself to analyzing how the action of access to public information is directly related to the right to defense in judicial practice, in a state that guarantees justice and law.Item Análisis normativo de la seguridad social y la atención integral a los usuarios del IESS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-08-05) Garcia Carrasco, Andrea Nicole; Guerrero Zuñiga, Edison RamiroNormative analysis of social security and comprehensive care for IESS users. The regulatory and legal framework in our country includes principles and rights that guarantee a social security system with efficient, comprehensive, high-quality health services, based on equity and continuous improvement, where each public servant fulfills a role aimed at implementing comprehensive care. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which public servants comply with regulations to guarantee the right to health through comprehensive care for users of the IESS General Hospital in Ambato, based on the knowledge of public servants from the Ministry of Public Health who work directly in the regulation of the national health system and the perceptions of members who receive care at this institution. The research methodology used is a mixed approach. In the qualitative method, the research instruments are the sentence analysis matrices and the interview guide for public officials from the Ministry of Public Health. In the quantitative method, the instrument is a Likert-type questionnaire for IESS members in the province of Tungurahua. The line of research is social and democratic establishment, which leads to the conclusion that public servants are not complying with the principles governing comprehensive care at the IESS General Hospital in Ambato, as well as the consequences of this scenario for users and the possible regulatory and operational limitations that exist.Item Los acuerdos comerciales bilaterales y multilaterales celebrados por el Ecuador y la aplicación del principio de suficiencia recaudatoria(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Juriprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2025-08-01) Pasto Chimbo, Danny Alexander; Pérez Mayorga, Betty CumandáBilateral and multilateral trade agreements entered into by Ecuador and the application of the tax collection sufficiency principle. The signing of trade agreements grants tariff preferences through the elimination or reduction of tariffs on products that are imported and exported to Ecuador, so that tax collection decreases, putting at risk the principle of sufficiency of tax collection. The objective of this research is to determine the consequences of the bilateral and multilateral trade agreements in force in relation to the collection of taxes that allow effectively complying with public spending without the need to resort to loans. For this purpose, a qualitative methodological design has been used, of a bibliographic-documentary type through the application of interviews to experts in foreign trade, lawyers and officials of the SENAE, with the purpose of determining the application of the trade agreements and the principle of tax collection sufficiency. The conclusions of the research are related to the determination of the bilateral and multilateral trade agreements in force, and the compliance with the principle of sufficiency of tax collection through the perception and experience of the experts, which show that trade agreements significantly affect the collection of customs duties, as well as the lack of adequate structures for national companies to compete in the international market. Keywords: TradeItem El principio de autodeterminación y el reconocimiento a las costumbres ancestrales jurídicas de los pueblos Afroecuatorianos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2018-11) Alvarado Pilligua, Johanna Dolores; Vargas Villacrés, Borman RenanThe Constitution of 2008 in Title Two Fourth Chapter develops Collective Rights for the Afro-Ecuadorian people, also establishing recognition of Rights and Principles typified in International Instruments such as ILO Convention 169, Charter of the United Nations, International Covenant on Human Rights Civil and Political, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. In spite of the fact that the Magna Carta synthesizes Rights to the Afro-Ecuadorian People, the erosion of the Effective Protection of Rights to Black communities is evident, for that reason it is considered that the Legal Pluralism in Ecuador, develops with the Ordinary and Indigenous Justice, infringing the recognition to the Afro-Ecuadorian Jurisdiction. Although there are investigations that reflect the practice of Proprietary Law in Provinces of Esmeraldas and Imbabura, Afro-Ecuadorians are forced to be tried under Ordinary Justice. For this reason, we hold that it is important that the ancestral legal practices of Afro-Ecuadorian peoples be recognized through the Self-Determination Principle avoiding the violation of National and International Rights.Item Las sentencias en delitos penales contra la vida y el principio de interculturalidad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2017-11) López Martínez, Edisson Ramiro; Segundo Tite, RamiroThe main objective of this research is to ensure respect for and correct application of the principle of interculturality, due to the fact that its nonobservance or disrespect to it produces a latent problem, thus arousing a disagreement, so to speak, in the People who belong to the indigenous peoples and communities of the city of Ambato. Failure to comply with the principle in criminal offenses against life committed by indigenous persons, whether due to lack of knowledge of the law or lacking sufficient means of training and training, would aggravate the existing situation of conflict between ordinary justice and Indigenous justice, thus becoming a social problem. The continuity of such irregularities, which by their irreparable effects cause constant discomfort, violates constitutional rights and principles. It is because of this situation that one chooses to adapt an obligation with respect to the application of the principle of interculturality. The purpose is to restrain the inconsistencies produced by the Criminal Guarantees Judges, in order to apply this principle, in terms of their powers, to ensure a more harmonious environment between society.Item Pago del Décimo Cuarto Sueldo en pensiones alimenticias y el principio de proporcionalidad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, 2017) Saravia Vásconez, Ana Maricela; Tipantasig Cando, Jaime TarquinoABSTRACT In Ecuador the economic crisis is evident affecting the middle and lower classes, unemployment is definitely present, which is an obvious factor that causes the delay or failure to pay food, these obligations are subject to trials And in most cases to the deprivation of their liberty, in this way this investigation addresses some consequences of the "payment of food as it has to do with the payment of the Fourteenth Salary that are applied in alimony and the principle of proportionality," Mention is made of the table that is applied for the fixing of maintenance payments and the nonconformity with the values obtained by it. So also how the principle of proportionality is affected, when designating a value to a single fed, being violated the test of proportion to assess the constitutionality of a restrictive measure of rights. The question that is of interest then is how and with what requirements rights can be limited. In fact, the principle of proportionality is now perhaps the best known and most recurrent limit on the limits of fundamental rights, and to that extent it is a barrier to undue intrusion into the realm of rights. It is intended to start the path that can answer the question what can we do in this context? It is proposed the creation of a bill to reform the innumerated article 16 numeral 2 of the reformatory law to title V, book II of the Organic Code of Childhood and Adolescence, which will fill the legal gaps and distribute payment equally Of the Fourteenth Salary.Item La mediación y la solución de conflictos en la Parroquia Mulalillo del Cantón Salcedo Provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2017-05) Torres Lozada, Diego Marcelo; Jordán Buenaño, Jeanette ElizabethThis research has as its theme: "Mediation and conflict resolution in the Mulalillo Parish of the Canton Salcedo Province of Cotopaxi", which is the starting point of this work. In our supreme law, it expressly states that the law of arbitration and mediation is recognized as an effective procedure for reaching a solution to a conflict, but in Ecuador citizens do not know about mediation and go to ordinary justice, which causes them to accumulate The processes in the different entities of justice at the national level and the most worrisome is to live in a culture full of conflict problems, aggravating with the passage of time, when the solution is clear and visible in the law. Mediation is the only effective way to resolve conflicts; Man is born in the face of a conflict, grows in front of it and sometimes dies in it, ordinary justice did not get to give the solution and if it was given at a high cost, Its great remedy is mediation. According to the results obtained in the surveys carried out in the Paralquia Mulalillo del Cantón Salcedo, regarding the alternative methods of conflict resolution, we can observe that the majority of the population does not know about These methods, then we verify that a training in this sector is necessary to make known the different methods of solving existing conflicts in our country and that are in accordance with the law. At present people are accustomed to live in a world full of problems, litigation this is most evident in the villages where lack of knowledge of alternative means for conflict resolution are approaching the courts where a problem takes months even in cases until Years in being solved, in this way causing the different entities of justice to collapse of processes that could be solved quickly and effectively if we applied mediation and arbitration.Item El ingreso al sector público ecuatoriano y el principio de no discriminaciónpor el pasado judicial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Carrera de Derecho, 2017-02) Heredia Larrea, Ana Cecilia; Paredes Aldas, Gabriela SoledadThe present research work entitled "INCOME TO THE ECUADORIAN PUBLIC SECTOR AND THE PRINCIPLE OF NON-DISCRIMINATION FOR THE JUDICIAL PAST" has an approach focused on the principle of non-discrimination in labor matters and the freedom of individuals to be civil servants, there are Which considers that this principle is one of the pillars of any democratic system and fundamental basis of the International Protection Systems of both the Organization of American States contemplated in international instruments and conventions highlighting the principle of equality before the law, leaving aside Individual interests and starting from the premise of a true social pact, in our country Ecuador exists a diversity of laws and regulations that empowers a person even if he has received or has a judicial background to have access to a job, maybe By the lack of diffusion or perhaps by self-education, those that do not apply the laws, the central part of the issue is to make known and more than all apply to the employer more than a conscience absolute equality, so that Can fearlessly give dignified work with confidence, as it is the case that is put to the consideration of a person who was detained for illegal traffic of substances cataloged for inspection, the same that by receiving condemnatory sentence implanted a judicial sign or rather Judicial background and closed the doors of work and even the stigmatization of many people who do not know the meaning of human being worse still the application of a benign law, well called to collaborate in the emergence of a certain application of the system of rights custodian , Where the principles, guarantees and rights of all citizens prevail and imperiously the groups of priority attention, where it maintains an absolute independence of the judicial powers, so that it is resolved not taking as a first order a judicial antecedent; To stigmatize the resolutions of the administration of justice and not to mention the power granted by the state, leaving aside the punitive power, so that access is possible without discrimination to a job, which within our legal framework is a Guarantee of the good life and even so that prime the individual rights and after the state, without neglecting the efficient application of the constitutional powers.Item La designación de curador AD-Litem en el divorcio y la aplicación del principio de economía procesal(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Carrera de Derecho, 2016-10) Quinteros Ortiz, Delia María; Poaquiza Poaquiza, Ángel PatricioToday Ecuadorian real dynamic in the legal system inquest respect fully the rights and guarantees of children and adolescents with the flag of child protection, guardian ad - Litem has as its purpose to represent the child in the course divorce, it must ensure the implementation of all rights of children towards their development and growth with the aim of their comprehensive protection. This research is focused on the approach of a proposal permitting, the actual development of the Guardian Ad - Litem in divorce proceedings and apply directly for the purpose of Guardian Ad - Litem, ie, a true representation allowing achieve good the child. Legal professionals and all those linked to the administrative and legal process Ecuador, know that the principle of judicial economy is that principle that protects the diligence of a utilitarian criterion in empirical process execution with minimal wear activity court therefore its consummation is effective when the parties agree, in the care of times and exact deadlines within the administration of justice, just as the principle is established when the concentration of the process as such is linked to the Litis. Likewise, the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, considering the need for priority to children involved allow achieve great progress in protecting rights, it is considered important to institute the way to take out the representation of the child in the legal standard, based on the fundamental principles of protection. During the investigation it was possible to demonstrate the need for actual legislation that allows good performance and therefore the excellent participation of the Guardian Ad - Litem during divorce consequently the interaction of the authority of the Family, Women, Children and Adolescents with Curator - Ad-Litem will be practical and timely information for the defenseless in the separation process, minors.Item Incumplimiento del estado y la vulneración del derecho a la seguridad social de las personas privadas de libertad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales , Carrera de Derecho, 2016-06) Guamán Rivera, Edisson David; Guevara Fuentes, José RubenThis research is based on that is not aimed only at ensuring constitutional principles and rights of third people through the process. Basically, it looks for a legal reform that helps us to access to those unrestricted rights. To be consistent with the research work we always start with the provisions of the Republic Constitution, as the supreme rule, which has Supremacy Constitutional over any other law, then we focus on the International treaties and conventions ratified by Ecuador, with the only exception that the same human rights to be treated are inclusive over of our Constitution. The Judicial Protection Right becomes the paradigm of this work, because it has as its primary objective the legal protection of rights, which cannot be violated by judges. We should not forget that fundamental rights are born with modern constitutions.