Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item Elección de la Carrera Universitaria y el Rendimiento Académico(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2026-01-15) Simba Lema, María Belén; Altamirano Altamirano, Silvia JovannaChoosing a university major is a key decision for young adults, as it shapes their professional path and influences how they adjust to academic life. This issue has gained growing relevance due to the increasing number of students entering higher education without adequate vocational guidance, a situation that often leads to low motivation, weak academic performance, and dropout. In Ecuador, this challenge is reflected in national assessment results and in the persistent difficulties students face in remaining in their programmers during the first semesters. This study examined the relationship between university major choice and academic performance among fourth-semester students in the Faculty of Human Sciences and Education at the Technical University of Ambato. A quantitative methodology with a descriptive and correlational scope was applied. The sample consisted of 210 students who completed structured instruments assessing factors associated with vocational decision-making, while academic performance was measured using the RAU scale. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive statistics and Spearman’s Rho correlation. The findings indicate a positive but weak association between the two variables. This suggests that choosing a major aligned with students’ interests, abilities, and motivations tends to support better academic performance, although external conditions—such as family environment, socioeconomic constraints, and limited access to professional guidance—also exert a strong influence. The study aligns with the Social Exclusion and Inclusion line of inquiry and offers an updated perspective on how career choice relates to academic achievement in higher education. As a final contribution, the research proposes a Social Work–based intervention aimed at strengthening academic support, fostering self-awareness, and improving vocational guidance processesItem Humor y familia: identificación de las metáforas cotidianas, en la audiencia ecuatoriana, con la serie Malcolm in the Middle(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Comunicación, 2026-01-19) Espinoza Hidalgo, Matías Santiago; Aguilar Rodríguez, William FredyThis thesis analyzes how Ecuadorian audiences identify with family and humorous representations through everyday metaphors present in the series Malcolm in the Middle, with the aim of understanding the social and cultural factors involved in this identification. From a qualitative perspective, a content analysis of critical scenes from the program was conducted, along with a discourse analysis of interviews with communication students at the Technical University of Ambato. The idea was to capture everyday metaphors from both the audiovisual narrative and the subjects' experiences. It was found that the series brings together household disorder, maternal discipline, paternal overprotection, and poverty as central themes in its portrayal of family life through comedy. Thus, situations that are initially foreign to the Ecuadorian context are recognized by the audience as part of their own daily lives. Thus, the study demonstrates that television reception is not passive, but rather an interpretive process in which young people reinterpret messages in their sociocultural environment. In this way, the study highlights the value of humor and metaphor as mediators between television fiction and contemporary family experience.Item Los riesgos psicosociales y extralaborales en el personal administrativo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2025-07-24) Auz Sanchez, Evelyn del Cisne; Torres Carrillo, Silvia SusanaThis research examines the impact of psychosocial and non-work-related (extra-labor) risks on the administrative staff of Plasticaucho Industrial S.A. in the city of Ambato. Through a quantitative approach, surveys were applied to validate both variables using a representative sample. The analysis, carried out using the SPSS software, showed that there is an impact between psychosocial and extra-labor risks, indicating that they operate interdependently. However, this relationship is influenced by several factors, as an increase in extra-labor factors tends to prolong the presence of psychosocial risks among the administrative personnel. From a theoretical standpoint, psychosocial and extra-labor risks are concepts derived from various theories, such as the Job Demands-Resources Model and the Work-Life Balance approach. The results revealed that most administrative staff members are able to manage their emotions within the workplace, without being significantly affected by extra-labor conflicts such as limited family time or personal care. These factors should have a direct influence on individuals' lives, as negative psychosocial risks can deteriorate extra-labor aspects, and conflicts in extra-labor factors can significantly impact workplace performance.Item El divorcio y el apego emocional(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-08) Iza Morales, Evelyn Carola; Espín Miniguano, Anita DalilaMarital divorce and the separation of the pair in de facto unions is a frequent phenomenon in today's society. Its incidence in the legal, social, and emotional spheres, and its impact on families, make it a necessary subject to know, due to its repercussions on the affective bonds of the people. This research project carried out in the ‘’El Carmen neighborhood’’ of the IESS in the city of Latacunga, aims to determine the incidence of emotional attachment in the process of divorce in families, using a quantitative methodology. The sample is made up of 71 subjects who are grouped into 46 families. The survey on divorce-emotional attachment aimed at families was used as an instrument for data collection. The results obtained offer a characterization of the predominant attachment pattern in the participants and of the emotional stages of grief, which allows us to establish the relationship between the attachment pattern and divorce. Adults show concern and fear in the face of abandonment by their partner, identifying insecure emotional attachment as the predominant one in the selected population. In addition, the main consequences identified are the feeling of loss and pain that negatively affect daily functioning within the household. It is concluded that a separation drastically affects the composition of the family and its members emotionally and effectively due to the separationItem Vida laboral de la mujer académica en la presencialidad(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-08) Mariño Vaca, Aracely Maribel; Montero Solano, Juan PabloThe professional life of female academics in face to face settings is a topic of growing interest today, given the context of gender equality and the pursuit of work life balance. This thesis investigates the experiences of female academics in face to face environments, focusing on the challenges they face and the strategies they employ to manage their work and family life. One of the main challenges faced by female academics in face to face settings is the lack of strong institutional policies supporting flexibility in work schedules and childcare centers. The TechnicalUniversity of Ambato lacks childcare facilities on all its campuses, making it difficult for female academics to reconcile their work and family responsibilities. Additionally, female academics often face additional pressures to meet expectations of productivity and academic excellence. Thispressure can lead to increased stress and burnout, especially when combined with family responsibilities. To address these challenges, female academics employ a variety of time management and family care strategies. These strategies include careful scheduling, negotiating roles and responsibilities with their partners, seeking support from colleagues and external supportnetworks, and establishing clear boundaries between work and personal life. The research also reveals the importance of support networks in the professional lives of female academics. Colleague and friend networks can provide a space for sharing experiences and coping strategies,as well as a place to seek advice and emotional support. In summary, the professional life of femaleacademics in face to face settings is marked by significant challenges related to the lack of institutional support policies and expectations of productivity and academic excellence. However, female academics utilize effective time management and family care strategies to address these challenges and achieve a balance between their work and family lifeItem Las relaciones paterno-filial y empatía(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-02) Ortega Rivas, Ruth Karina; Pino Loza, Eulalia DoloresParent-child relationships and empathy is a problem that lies in the emotional and affective relationships, where parents must fulfill their roles of raising, educating, and forming their children. This is an indispensable factor for the development of society, since parenting practices influence the evolution of people as good beings in society, generating more empathetic people who can understand and comprehend what the other person needs. The general objective of this research was to analyze the influence of the parent-child relationship and empathy in the students of the Ricardo Dezcalzi Educational Unit of the Ambato Canton. The study group was structured by a total of 170 people, which were distributed among 85 parents and 85 students, where the methodology used was the quantitative approach, descriptive level, applying the hypothetical-deductive method. The first instrument to be used was the Perceived Parental Competence Scale-p (ECPP-p), comprising 22 items, comprising five (5) dimensions related to parent-child relationships and the second instrument was the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), comprising 28 items, comprising four (4) dimensions related to empathy. The most relevant results show that there are only two significant correlations between the dimensions applied; highlighting personal dedication and perspective taking have a slight correlation, with a Spearman's Rho value of 0.237; also shared leisure and perspective taking have a slight correlation, with a Spearman's Rho value of 0.232. However, perspective taking stands out as one of the most important dimensions, since it encompasses the others. It is concluded that parent-child relationships and empathy are not only interdependent, but also significantly influence the dynamics of the parent-child relationship, opening opportunities for more effective and emotional interventions and family supportItem La familia y el desarrollo de las habilidades sociales(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2024-02) Lasluisa Poaquiza, Ana Belén; Campoverde Quijano, Egda MaribelThe importance of understanding the correlation between family functionality and social skills is transcendental due to the changes in childhood and adolescence, not only in terms of physical development, but also in the psychosocial sphere. In this way, we highlight the essential role that the development of social skills plays in order to have a quality daily life. The family environment in which a person is born and grows up can determine economic and cultural aspects that can limit or promote personal and educational development. According to many experts, the family climate is a fundamental factor that influences academic performance. The family has a great influence on the formation of personality, interpersonal relationships, motivation to study and expectations of future academic achievement. The research sought to place the family as the first social context, it has the opportunity to visualize interpersonal events of children, such as the development of social skills, where they will express emotions, feelings and ways of relating, achieving a quality life. In addition, different studies have made a contribution regarding the relationship of difficulty in the development of social skills in childhood, and how this has repercussions on adult difficulties. That is why the development of social skills in relation to their family climate is essential to achieve a life of quality and mental health in human beings. The investigation of the family and the development of social skills is feasible due to the availability of information and previous studies that provide a basis for research. In addition, the techniques and instruments contributed to the collection of data that was exercised directly with students aged 12 to 17 years of the Conservatory "La Merced Ambato", information on the functionality of the family, the role or role that fulfills and influences for the development of social environments and the practice of their social skills of the schoolchildItem Permeabilidad y Comunicación Familiar(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-09) Pérez Gamboa, Evelyn Alexandra; Campoverde Quijano, Egda MaribelThe objective was to analyze the permeability in family communication of adolescents of the "Rodriguez Albornoz" Educational Unit. The methodology used was a mixed approach with a descriptive correlational and explanatory level, with a population of 138 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years, and two instruments were used to measure the different variables. The results indicate that there is a good permeability in the families investigated, this being related to the levels of family functionality, that is why the levels of functionality, 50% were functional, 43.5% moderately functional and 6.5% dysfunctional, on the other hand, the levels of communication were high with 80.5% and a low level of 19. The relationship between permeability and communication was tested using Spearman's Rho test, resulting in a significance of <0.05, indicating that the two variables are related with a high to very high level of correlation since its coefficient is 0.824. It is concluded that permeability is related to communication, where if permeability decreases or increases, therefore, communication will have changes.Item Disfuncionalidad familiar y conductas en adolescentes(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-09) Velastegui Freire, Francis Yailyn; Campoverde Quijano, Egda MaribelThe objective of this research is to determine the relationship between family dysfunction and behaviors in adolescents of the Teresa Flor Educational Unit, family dysfunction is the distortion of roles, bad communication and various addition factors that can occur within the family, for On the other hand, the behavior of adolescents is being modified either by physical changes in the family, social and educational environment. The methodology used is qualitative-quantitative, the population with which we worked is 50 students between 17 and 18 years of age in second grade. high school morning session, applying a semi-structured interview consisting of aspects related to mental health, social relationships, school relationships, personality and family relationships and the family functionality questionnaire, in turn 22 participants who come from dysfunctional families were selected. . The result indicates that the level of family dysfunction in the population is 28%. In addition, the factors that influence the behavior of adolescents and family dysfunction are specifically communication, mismanagement of roles within the home, authoritarian parents, permissive parents. Concluding that there is a relationship between the two variables, the more dysfunctional the family, the behavior problems will be more evident.Item Inclusión familiar de estudiantes universitarios con discapacidad(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2023-09) Escobar López, Lizbeth Estefanía; Torres Carrillo, Silvia SusanaPrejudices and stigmas that generate discrimination towards people with disabilities still prevail in society, being prone to experience unfavorable socioeconomic outcomes and a low level of employment, giving way to the limitation of their opportunities. The family is considered the fundamental pillar of society, especially for a person with a disability. Therefore, it is an essential part in their formation process since it provides a safe and adequate environment. Maintaining adequate family inclusion is very important for the person with disabilities to increase their self-esteem based on the care and protection received by their family, giving way to feel included not only at the family level, but also in their social and academic environment. The research aims to determine the level of family inclusion of university students with disabilities at the Technical University of Ambato (UTA). The study is exploratory and descriptive. A methodology with a mixed approach was used for the execution of the research, based on the development of an instrument with 32 items, consisting of 6 dimensions such as personal, family, physical, social, emotional and academic. The content was evaluated using the expert judgment method. Quantitative data collection was carried out with 36 students with disabilities and qualitative data collection with 4 teachers involved in the education of the students and 3 parents. As a proposal for the inclusion of people with disabilities, an information guide focused on improving family inclusion was prepared, consisting of activities to be carried out within the family and the university.