Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales
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Item Her, un diálogo posthumano más allá de los sentimientos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Comunicación, 2026-07-10) Almeida Hidalgo, Karen Estefanía; Brito Alvarado, Leonardo XavierThis research describes the representation of communication between humans and artificial intelligence in the film Her within a posthuman context. This study stems from an interest in understanding how cinema represents the fonns of interaction between people and technology in a society marked by hyperconnectivity. To this end, the analysis of this study was conducted using a qualitative approach, employing discourse analysis and compositional interpretation as methodological tools. Similarly, the theoretical framework is grounded in contemporary approaches to communication in times of hyperconnectivity, based on concepts such as modemity, postmodemity, digital communication, Al, posthuman thought, affective relationships in the digital age, cinema, and science fiction. Toe results revealed that the film represents Al as a humanized entity capable of establishing affective bonds with humans. Furthennore, hyperconnectivity was identified as a t:rigger for fo1ms ofemotional isolation in contemporary communication. Finally, it was found that Her is presented in a posthuman context where the boundary between the human and the technological becomes increasinglybluned. Therefore, this study contributes to the reflection on artificial intelligence and its transformation in human relationships, given its ever-increasing presence in contemporary society.Item Los contratos inteligentes ejecutados mediante inteligencia artificial y la seguridad jurídica en el comercio electrónico ecuatoriano(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-07-09) Soria Perez, Diego Andres; Jordán Buenaño, Jeanette ElizabethThe rapid advancement of technology has profoundly transformed commercial relationships, giving rise to new forms of digital contracting such as smart contracts executed by artificial intelligence. These mechanisms allow contractual obligations to be fulfilled automatically through computer code deployed on blockchain networks, thereby reducing human intervention and operating costs in e-commerce. However, their implementation poses significant legal challenges, especially in countries like Ecuador, where current regulations do not specifically address the use of artificial intelligence in contract execution. This research analyzes the legal regulation of smart contracts executed by artificial intelligence in Ecuadorian e-commerce, aiming to identify regulatory gaps that affect the legal certainty of digital contractual relationships. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining documentary analysis of national and international regulations with surveys administered to lawyers, systems engineers, and merchants in the city of Ambato, employing a descriptive and explanatory research level. The research falls within the field of private law, technology, and e-commerce. The results show that, while the Ecuadorian Commercial Code recognizes smart contracts in Article 77, the national legal system has significant gaps regarding algorithmic liability, human oversight, and the reversibility of automatically executed obligations. Unlike the European Union, China, and Singapore, which have developed specific regulatory frameworks to govern artificial intelligence in contractual environments, Ecuador lacks equivalent provisions. It is recommended to strengthen and update the Commercial Code regarding electronic commerce and digital contracting, by reforming article 77 to include a specific definition of smart contract with artificial intelligence, establish the obligation of human supervision in its execution and determine clear criteria of responsibility for algorithmic errors or failures of automated execution.Item Anomias Jurídicas de la Inteligencia Artificial y el derecho a la educación inclusiva en el Cantón Píllaro(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-07-09) Guachi Espín, Jean Pierre; Vargas Salazar, GavinoThis research addresses the LEGAL ANOMALIES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND THE RIGHT TO INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN THE CANTON OF PÍLLARO, focusing on an analysis of the impact of the lack of regulation of AI on the education of people with disabilities, based on the existing practices in the canton of Píllaro, on the understanding that, as a priority group, they merit specialized attention. This is correlated with the direct impact that AI has had on the academic sphere, which may entail risks regarding its mode of use—it can serve, on the one hand, as an educational tool adaptable to special needs, and on the other, as an instrument harmful to academic development. The research adopted a qualitative approach, which allowed for a systematic interpretation and study of the repercussions and barriers posed by the legal ambiguities of artificial intelligence. The primary method was the interview, which was directed toward gathering information from the institutional authority of the specialized education service in Píllaro, teachers specializing in educational innovation, and legal professionals in the constitutional field. The findings indicate that, although education laws promote the use of technology, in the Píllaro canton, tools related to artificial intelligence remain underutilized due to social, legal, economic, and technological barriers. For this reason, this study highlights the need for specific legislation on AI and for an update to Ecuador’s current regulatory framework.Item ¿Las máquinas pueden sentir?: Un análisis narrativo de la inteligencia artificial en la película “The Wild Robot”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Comunicación, 2026-07-07) Villafuerte Freire, Christopher Joel; Viteri Torres, Walter FranciscoIn recent science fiction cinema, artificial intelligence has moved beyond its traditional role as threat or human instrument, emerging instead as an entity capable of sustaining conflict, forming bonds, and raising questions about identity and coexistence. This study analyzes the narrative and symbolic representation of AI in The Wild Robot (2024), directed by Chris Sanders, through a qualitative, analytical-interpretive approach based on narrative, semiotic, and audiovisual analysis of selected scenes, supported by observation matrices. The movie follows Roz, a robot who accidentally arrives on a wildlife island and must learn to navigate an environment beyond her original programming. Her transformation is not achieved through physical humanization, but through acts of care, responsibility, and emotional connection with Brightbill, a bond that turns a functional task into an experience that reshapes how she interprets the world. The findings show that the film does not attempt to prove literally that a machine can feel but rather constructs a narrative experience in which that possibility becomes believable. Roz conveys her inner life through gestures, silences, decisions, and acts of protection, offering a representation of AI defined by learning, memory, care, and sacrifice, without erasing her technological nature.Item La inteligencia artificial y la verificación de información periodística: Caso Lupa Media(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Comunicación, 2026-07-07) Vilcacundo Villacís, Juan Sebastián; Viteri Torres, Walter FranciscoThis study examines the influence of artificial intelligence tools on the journalistic information verification processes developed by Lupa Media. The research addresses a specific concern: understanding how these technologies are incorporated into Ecuadorian fact-checking without replacing the professional judgment of the verification team. The methodology follows a quantitative approach supported by qualitative analysis. The quantitative component consisted of an analysis matrix applied to 150 verification pieces published by Lupa Media, classified according to fact-checking rating, content type, platform of origin, scope, and required verification process. In addition, a semi-structured interview was conducted with the organization’s executive director to interpret the actual use of AI tools within the editorial workflow. The results show that artificial intelligence mainly operates as an operational support tool in documentary tasks, social media monitoring, information organization, and preliminary analysis of multimedia content. However, it does not replace source verification, contextual interpretation, or the human assignment of verification ratings. The study concludes that the responsible integration of AI into fact-checking journalism requires internal protocols, methodological transparency, continuous training, and permanent human supervision, so that technology can strengthen efficiency without undermining journalistic credibility.Item La Inteligencia Artificial en la prevención de la evasión fiscal en las compañías fantasmas y transacciones inexistentes(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-01-27) Vistin Arboleda, María Belén; Rodríguez Salcedo, Eliana del RocíoTax evasion represents a recurring problem for successive governments and hinders the implementation of public policies that benefit citizens. Currently, the development of new technologies is presented as a solution for stricter control and, therefore, a way to prevent this problem. This research, entitled "Artificial Intelligence in the Prevention of Tax Evasion in Shell Companies and Nonexistent Transactions," aims to determine the impact of AI on tax evasion prevention. A qualitative approach was employed, including a documentary literature review, for which bibliographic entries were created for scientific articles selected based on accessibility and the relevance of their topics. The results obtained demonstrate that artificial intelligence is indeed an effective tool in the fight against tax fraud, through the use of machine learning, big data, and pattern detection systems. It was also found that regulations concerning artificial intelligence in Ecuador are still under development. The study concludes that a proper and responsible implementation of artificial intelligence in the public tax system will significantly improve the ability to prevent and punish tax evasion, provided it is carried out in a transparent manner and with respect for human rightsItem Desafíos jurídicos del uso de contratos inteligentes basados en inteligencia artificial en el cumplimiento de obligaciones civiles en el Ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-01-27) Hernández Moreno, Mireya Miroslava; Vayas Castro, Guillermo SantiagoThe accelerated development of digital technologies is transforming contractual relationships by introducing automated mechanisms such as smart contracts based on artificial intelligence. Within Ecuadorian civil law, this reality poses current challenges concerning the formation of consent, the autonomy of the parties’ will, and the automatic execution of obligations, with a direct impact on legal certainty. The research adopts a qualitative approach; therefore, it conducts a documentary review of legal doctrine, current regulations, and comparative experiences, and incorporates field-based contributions derived from the criteria of judicial operators. This methodology makes it possible to identify the gap between classical categories of contract law and emerging technological dynamics, as well as the technical and institutional limitations affecting their application. From the research line Public Policies, Law, and Society, the study analyzes the State’s regulatory and institutional response to the social effects of contractual automation. Likewise, it is identified as a scientific novelty that technological knowledge remains insufficient, and that one of the central challenges lies in establishing a legal framework capable of determining the validity, effects, and scope of these instruments. Added to this is the difficulty of assessing technical elements such as programming, algorithmic logic, and automatic execution. The results reveal the absence of specific regulation on smart contracts and the insufficient technological training of those who administer justice. Risks are identified regarding the authenticity of consent when automated systems intervene, as well as procedural difficulties in the evaluation and verification of digital evidence. Furthermore, the lack of judicial precedents reduces practical legal certainty and reinforces the need for clear guidelines. It is concluded that automation requires new regulatory guidelines that preserve legal certainty and the will of the parties, without which its full adoption in the country will remain limitedItem Delitos cibernéticos y la regulación normativa frente a la inteligencia artificial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-01-27) Cedeño Lobato, Bryan Israel; Jordán Buenaño, Jeanethe ElizabethThe rapid rise of artificial intelligence in the digital sphere has radically transformed how cybercrimes are committed, creating a critical regulatory gap in national legal systems, including Ecuador's. This paper therefore provides a timely and current analysis of the capacity ofthe existing legal framework particularly the Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code (COIP) to address emerging criminal behaviors such as deepfakes and phishing, phenomena that challenge traditional criminal categories. The research falls within the field of Criminal Law and New Technologies and adopts a mixed, bibliographic-statistical approach at an exploratory-descriptive level. A validated questionnaire was administered to a sample of 100 lawyers from Ambato, selected through convenience sampling, complemented by systematic documentary analysis of national and international regulations. Findings reveal significant gaps in the COIP, a lack of specific criminalization of Al-related offenses, and a widespread perception of institutional inadequacy in investigating these crimes. As a scientific novelty, the study proposes introducing an autonomous criminal offense for Al-generated false intimate content and treating the use of AI as an aggravating factor—a proposal aimed not only at closing penal loopholes but also at ensuring the protection of fundamental rights in the algorithmic era, thus offering a concrete contribution to the contemporary criminal law debate in Ecuador.Item La inteligencia artificial y el derecho a la integridad sexual en las redes sociales(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-01-27) Claudio Claudio, Rodrigo Xavier; Rodríguez Salcedo, Eliana del RocíoEcuador and the world have been caught up in the emergence of behaviours brought about by the evolution of technological tools such as artificial intelligence. This marks the beginning of behaviours such as the creation of content known as deepfakes or sexual deepfakes, which violate the right to sexual integrity, with social media playing a key role in their expansion and proliferation. The main objective of this research was to analyse the influence of artificial intelligence on the right to sexual integrity on social media. The methodology applied in this research project took a completely qualitative approach with a clear analytical vision, based on an extensive bibliographic and documentary review. The results showeda clear influence of artificial intelligence on people's right to sexual integrity through the creation of hyper-realistic fake content, which AL through its systems and algorithms, makes available to aggressors. Based on this process, an analysis was carried out through a review of documents on the damage caused to victims by these new behaviours, the effects of the lack of regulation of artificial intelligence systems, and the consequences of the violation of the right to sexual integrity. The conclusion is that Al has a clear influence on people's rights and that there is an urgent need for the Ecuadorian State to regulate these behaviours, which have a serious impact on society.Item La protección de identidad de los administradores de justicia en los delitos de alta peligrosidad mediante el uso de la IA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2026-01-22) López Villagrán, María Belén; Rodríguez Salcedo, Eliana del RocíoIn recent years, Ecuador has experienced a security crisis marked by increased violence perpetrated by organized crime against the judicial system, which has weakened institutional trust and generated direct risks for prosecutors and judges. The main objective of this research was to analyze technological protection that strengthens the work of justice officials without compromising procedural guarantees. The methodology applied was a qualitative approach with analytical and prospective components, supported by a documentary review, an analysis of recent cases, and a comparative evaluation of judicial protection systems in other countries in the region. The results revealed a strong technological asymmetry between the State and criminal organizations, as well as a lack of effective inter-institutional protocols to prevent attacks and threats. Based on this diagnosis, an analysis was developed based on a literature review on the relevance of anonymization through the use of artificial intelligence for so-called faceless judges, adapted to the conditions of the Ecuadorian context. It is concluded that the implementation of this model can not only guarantee the safety of prosecutors and judges, but also contribute to strengthening the rule of law and consolidating citizen confidence in the administration of justice