Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

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Subject: search.filters.subject.BIOTECNOLOGÍA ANIMAL

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    Evaluación de la capacidad de competencias bacterianas de cepas probióticas frente a cepas presentes en el tracto gastrointestinal de bovinos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Boada Medina, Edison Alejandro; Garcés Moncayo, María Daniela
    Probiotics, particularly lactic acid bacteria (LAB), are microorganisms with therapeutic properties that improve the intestinal health of animals by resisting adverse conditions in the gastrointestinal tract, such as acidity, pancreatic juices, and bile. These bacteria, including Lactobacillus spp., Weissella spp., Leuconostoc spp., and Pediococcus spp., stand out for their applications in various sectors. However, their indiscriminate use raises concerns related to bacterial resistance and its implications for public health. Probiotics enhance the intestinal microbiota through mechanisms such as substrate competition and modulation of the immune response, although they can acquire antibiotic resistance genes, highlighting the importance of controlled use. This study evaluated 10 LAB strains with probiotic potential, analyzing their bacterial competition capacity, biofilm formation, sugar reduction, and cholesterol-lowering ability. An in vitro culture system was developed to assess LAB survival under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. The amount of reducing sugars was measured using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, while cholesterol assimilation was evaluated using MRS broth supplemented with 0.4 percent bile salts and 1 percent cholesterol. The results showed that the analyzed strains have high potential to inhibit pathogenic bacteria, reduce sugars, and lower cholesterol levels, underscoring their relevance as promoters of intestinal health and contributors to animal well-being.
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    Obtención de cepas probióticas a partir de diferentes sustratos de origen orgánico de la provincia de Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas – Ecuador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2024-02) Cevallos Álvarez, Noemy María; Garcés Moncayo, María Daniela
    The study consists of obtaining probiotic strains from three samples of cassava, sugar cane and bovine feces, as an alternative to the use of antibiotics in the livestock sector and to counteract the spread of resistance genes (RAM), since probiotics are live microorganisms that have a positive effect on the health of the host. The 63 strains obtained from the three samples have the phenotypic characteristics of model probiotic microorganisms such as catalase negative, Gram positive, with creamy or white round morphology. Likewise, the probiotic potential of the strains was evaluated by in vitro tests such as cell adhesion, tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions such as low pH and bile salt concentrations. Also, the selection of probiotic strains should satisfy safety criteria, they should not be toxic or pathogenic, susceptible to antibiotics, without hemolytic activity and have antagonistic activity against pathogens. Finally, only two strains from the cassava and sugar cane samples have the best characteristics and best efficiency to be considered probiotic strains, because they did not present hemolytic activity and have cell adhesion, can survive at pH 2 to 3 and bile salts of 0.3 to 0.5 percent, had susceptibility to six antibiotics with the highest range of inhibition compared to other strains, however, no strain presented antagonistic activity against E. coli bacteria.