Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

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    Evaluación de las características fisicoquímicas y funcionales del almidón de Chonta (Bactris gasipaes)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Alimentos, 2025-02) Azogue Buenaño, Carlos David; Cadena Carrera, Santiago Esmiro
    Chonta (Bactris gasipaes) is a native plant whose fruits have been underutilized despite its high starch and carotenoid content, which makes it a promising alternative for food applications. The physicochemical and functional properties of starch obtained from chonta were determined in order to promote its use in the industry. The physicochemical analysis revealed that chonta starch has a high content of fiber 0.74 percent and protein 1.11 percent, in relation to its other components moisture 11.91 percent, fat 0.40 percent and ash 0.22 percent, maintaining an acceptable purity. Likewise, a low amylose content of 13.52 percent was identified. As for functional properties, it was found that water absorption capacity ranged from 2.89 to 6.20 00 percent, while swelling power and solubility index increased progressively with temperature (60 to 90 degrees Celsius), reaching values of 2.93 to 6.40 and 3.86 to 7.00 percent, respectively. Viscosity analysis by RVA revealed a high gelatinization temperature (89.6 degrees Celsius), consistent with the results obtained by differential scanning calorimetry, which showed gelatinization temperatures of 91.43 degrees Celsius and a transition enthalpy of 14.91 Joules per gram. These functional properties highlight chonta starch as a versatile ingredient, suitable for applications as a gelling agent, emulsifier and stabilizer in the food industry, thanks to its viscosity stability at high temperatures.
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    Eficiencia del almidón de chonta (Bactris gasipaes) como agente encapsulante sobre la actividad antimicrobiana de la doxiciclina
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Aponte Urrutia, Kerly Anais; López Hernández, Orestes Darío
    Doxycycline is an antibiotic of great interest in the health area, since it serves as a treatment for a variety of bacterial infections, but it has a drawback since it tends to degrade very easily at the time of its production, that is why new alternatives have been sought to preserve its bioactive components and protect it from contamination and even increase its bioavailability with the help of microencapsulation which is a technique that uses encapsulating materials such as natural polymers in order to generate greater effectiveness in encapsulation. For this, three suspensions were made with different proportions, using analysis techniques and verification of microencapsulation efficiency which were, performance analysis, statistical analysis, thermograms by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and antimicrobial evaluation, which was carried out by means of antibiograms of diffusion disks in Müller Hinton agar, to determine the inhibition of the microencapsulate against the E. coli bacteria. Through the different analyses carried out, it was obtained that the best performance and inhibition halos were given in the proportion 20:80, in addition to this, through the thermograms it was possible to observe the melting peaks where it was also represented that the best curve was that of the proportion 20:80. This is thanks to the fact that with a higher polymeric load, the percentage of microencapsulation efficiency increases. This could also be observed with the help of an-ANOVA analysis, which allowed the most significant performance to be seen through statistical graphs.
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    Extracción y microencapsulación de carotenoides de chonta (Bactris gasipaes)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Ingeniería Bioquímica, 2020-08) Calle López, Diego Fernando; López Hernández, Orestes Darío
    Chonta is a traditional fruit that is consumed in the Amazon region of Latin America and has compounds that give it antioxidant capacity, the carotenoids it contains give it a high value in the human diet, therefore this work focused on extracting these compounds and place them in a suitable presentation for use in industry, such as microencapsulation. The extraction was carried out with an experimental design of two levels and three factors, with the factors of maturity, time, and proportion of plant material: ethanol (96 percent), obtaining that the optimal conditions were 100 percent maturity, with 60 minutes and a 1:70 proportion at temperature of 70 Celsius degrees, this extract was microencapsulated with a mixture of maltodextrin and arabig gum by spray drying. The microencapsulation efficiency was evaluated obtaining 98.90 percent, thermograms and infrared spectra were also obtained where the microencapsulation efficiency was corroborated. While the antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using the DPPH method, obtaining 69.19 micromol per liter in the extract and 59.30 micromol per liter in microencapsulated of trolox equivalent, and in the in vivo test, oxidative stress was applied by peroxide of hydrogen to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and was protected with microencapsulation, showing its antioxidant power against vitamin C standards.