Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/412

Examinar

Resultados de la búsqueda

Mostrando 1 - 10 de 43

Evaluación de la expresión génica de Hylocereus megalanthus (Pitahaya Amarilla) bajo condiciones de estrés por Metil Jasmonato (MeJa)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-07)
Torres Merino, Joselyn Micaela
;
Lalaleo Córdova, Liliana Paulina
Yellow pitaya (Hylocereus megalanthus) is a crop of increasing agricultural and commercial importance; however, the molecular information available on its defense mechanisms under stress conditions remains limited. This study evaluated the gene expression response of Hylocereus megalanthus using methyl jasmonate as an elicitor to simulate stress signals that the plant may experience in its environment in response to biotic factors. In vitro plants were treated with methyl jasmonate at a concentration of five hundred micromolar and analyzed at different exposure times (0, 4, 24, 48, 72) hours. The experimental approach included RNA extraction using TRI Reagent, complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis, in silico identification of candidate genes associated with plant defense, preliminary primer validation through conventional PCR and electrophoresis, and relative expression analysis by RT qPCR using PowerUp SYBR Green Master Mix. During the treatment period, the plants did not show visible morphological alterations, which allowed the recovery of viable plant material for molecular analysis. RNA extraction and complementary DNA synthesis produced sufficient concentration for subsequent analyses, although variations among samples were observed. During preliminary validation, the reference genes Actin and EF1 alpha showed visible amplification, as did the candidate genes MYB, NAC, and APE. Subsequently, normalization with Actin allowed a clearer interpretation of relative expression, with MYB and APE showing the most consistent responses to the treatment. These findings provide useful information for understanding molecular defense responses in yellow pitaya and suggest MYB and APE as genes of interest for future biotechnological studies.
Evaluación de la expresión génica de Hylocereus megalanthus (Pitahaya Amarilla) bajo condiciones de estrés por Metil Jasmonato (MeJa)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-07)
Mera Estrella, Marcos Nicolas
;
Lalaleo Córdova, Liliana Paulina
Yellow pitaya (Hylocereus megalanthus) is a crop of increasing agricultural and commercial importance; however, the molecular information available on its defense mechanisms under stress conditions remains limited. This study evaluated the gene expression response of Hylocereus megalanthus using methyl jasmonate as an elicitor to simulate stress signals that the plant may experience in its environment in response to biotic factors. In vitro plants were treated with methyl jasmonate at a concentration of five hundred micromolar and analyzed at different exposure times (0, 4, 24, 48, 72) hours. The experimental approach included RNA extraction using TRI Reagent, complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis, in silico identification of candidate genes associated with plant defense, preliminary primer validation through conventional PCR and electrophoresis, and relative expression analysis by RT qPCR using PowerUp SYBR Green Master Mix. During the treatment period, the plants did not show visible morphological alterations, which allowed the recovery of viable plant material for molecular analysis. RNA extraction and complementary DNA synthesis produced sufficient concentration for subsequent analyses, although variations among samples were observed. During preliminary validation, the reference genes Actin and EF1 alpha showed visible amplification, as did the candidate genes MYB, NAC, and APE. Subsequently, normalization with Actin allowed a clearer interpretation of relative expression, with MYB and APE showing the most consistent responses to the treatment. These findings provide useful information for understanding molecular defense responses in yellow pitaya and suggest MYB and APE as genes of interest for future biotechnological studies.
Uso de los residuos de cultivo in vitro de plantas como potencial fertilizante para Tomate riñón (Solanum lycopersicum) y Tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-01)
Pérez Guerra, Carlos Sebastián
;
Sánchez Garnica Manoella Alejandra
In vitro culture laboratories are key tools for the mass propagation of plants; however, they generate large amounts of waste rich in agar, nutrients, and growth regulators that, despite their agronomic potential, are typically discarded as biological waste. In response to this issue, the present study aims to evaluate the use of in vitro culture waste as a potential liquid fertilizer for kidney tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) To this end, agar waste from micropropagation processes was collected, treated, diluted, sterilized, and packaged to produce the liquid fertilizer. Subsequently, its composition was characterized using photometry, a technique that quantifies chemical compounds through absorbance measurement, and its effect on plants was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The analysis revealed high concentrations of phosphorus, sulfur in the form of sulfates, manganese, and zinc compared to commercial fertilizers. Additionally, treated seeds and plants exhibited higher germination percentages, greater numbers of true leaves, uniform leaf growth, and improved root development. These results demonstrate the significant potential of in vitro culture waste as a sustainable alternative for plant nutrition, offering a viable and ecological option for agricultural waste management. Furthermore, the reuse of these wastes not only reduces their environmental impact but also contributes to the development of more sustainable agricultural practices.
Uso de los residuos de cultivo in vitro de plantas como potencial fertilizante para Tomate riñón (Solanum lycopersicum) y Tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2026-01)
Jiménez Robles, Mayte Carolina
;
Sánchez Garnica, Manoella Alejandra
In vitro culture laboratories are key tools for the mass propagation of plants; however, they generate large amounts of waste rich in agar, nutrients, and growth regulators that, despite their agronomic potential, are typically discarded as biological waste. In response to this issue, the present study aims to evaluate the use of in vitro culture waste as a potential liquid fertilizer for kidney tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) To this end, agar waste from micropropagation processes was collected, treated, diluted, sterilized, and packaged to produce the liquid fertilizer. Subsequently, its composition was characterized using photometry, a technique that quantifies chemical compounds through absorbance measurement, and its effect on plants was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. The analysis revealed high concentrations of phosphorus, sulfur in the form of sulfates, manganese, and zinc compared to commercial fertilizers. Additionally, treated seeds and plants exhibited higher germination percentages, greater numbers of true leaves, uniform leaf growth, and improved root development. These results demonstrate the significant potential of in vitro culture waste as a sustainable alternative for plant nutrition, offering a viable and ecological option for agricultural waste management. Furthermore, the reuse of these wastes not only reduces their environmental impact but also contributes to the development of more sustainable agricultural practices.
Estudio del perfil de ácidos grasos en sistemas biotecnológicos de Theobroma cacao L. sometidos a diferentes inductores de estrés
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-07)
Sánchez Sanaguano Mateo Patricio
;
Lalaelo Córdova Liliana Paulina
The study of fatty acid profiles in biotech systems of Theobroma cacao L. is crucial to understand how stress inducers can enhance the production of valuable metabolites. Cacao, particularly the fine aroma variety is economically significant for Ecuador, but its cultivation faces challenges such as climate change and disease. Biotechnological approaches offer a controlled environment to explore sustainable alternatives to improve lipid biosynthesis, essential for the quality of cocoa-derived products such as chocolate and cosmetics. The research employed in vitro systems to evaluate the effects of stress inducers (methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, glycerol and elevated temperature) on cocoa callus cultures. Three culture media (MS, B5 and WPM) were tested to optimize biomass production; the combination of WPM with specific hormones obtained the best results. Fatty acids were extracted and quantified by FTIR spectroscopy, focusing on major components such as oleic, stearic and palmitic acids. Results showed that methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid significantly increased biomass and fatty acid production, while elevated temperature induced oxidative stress but also altered lipid profiles. These findings suggest that stress inducers can modulate fatty acid synthesis in cocoa callus cultures, offering possible strategies to enhance metabolite production under controlled conditions. This study lays the foundation for future research aimed at optimizing biotechnological systems for sustainable cocoa production.
Estudio del perfil de ácidos grasos en sistemas biotecnológicos de Theobroma cacao L. sometidos a diferentes inductores de estrés
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-07)
Palacios Rosado Andrea Carolina
;
Lalaelo Córdova Liliana Paulina
The study of fatty acid profiles in biotech systems of Theobroma cacao L. is crucial to understand how stress inducers can enhance the production of valuable metabolites. Cacao, particularly the fine aroma variety is economically significant for Ecuador, but its cultivation faces challenges such as climate change and disease. Biotechnological approaches offer a controlled environment to explore sustainable alternatives to improve lipid biosynthesis, essential for the quality of cocoa-derived products such as chocolate and cosmetics. The research employed in vitro systems to evaluate the effects of stress inducers (methyl jasmonate, salicylic acid, glycerol and elevated temperature) on cocoa callus cultures. Three culture media (MS, B5 and WPM) were tested to optimize biomass production; the combination of WPM with specific hormones obtained the best results. Fatty acids were extracted and quantified by FTIR spectroscopy, focusing on major components such as oleic, stearic and palmitic acids. Results showed that methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid significantly increased biomass and fatty acid production, while elevated temperature induced oxidative stress but also altered lipid profiles. These findings suggest that stress inducers can modulate fatty acid synthesis in cocoa callus cultures, offering possible strategies to enhance metabolite production under controlled conditions. This study lays the foundation for future research aimed at optimizing biotechnological systems for sustainable cocoa production.
Evaluación de la incidencia de Woody Plant Medium y ácido indol-3-butírico sobre el enraizamiento in vitro de explantes de Myrcianthes rhopaloides. Articulado al Proyecto de Prácticas de Servicio Comunitario aprobado mediante Resolución Nro. UTA-CONVISO-2024-009
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02)
Rivadeneira Salazar, Evelyn Monserrath
;
De la Torre Olvera, Helena Maritza
This work focused on the in vitro rooting of explants of Myrcianthes rhopaloides, an endangered plant with high ecological and pharmacological value. The research aims to contribute to scientific knowledge on the propagation of native plants with therapeutic potential and to support the conservation of this species through micropropagation techniques. The methodology included the selection and disinfection of explants from healthy young branches of M. rhopaloides, which were grown in enriched media with different concentrations of AIB. Periodic measurements were performed to assess the viability of explants, the percentage of oxidation, contamination and the length of roots formed. In addition, digital tools such as SmartRoot software were used to analyze root development. The experimental design was structured using factorial tests with several replicates to ensure the reliability of the results. The results showed that internodal explants showed better root development compared to apical explants. A concentration of 0.2 mg per liter of AIB was found to promote root growth effectively, although it also increased the oxidation of the explants. Viability rates reached 62.5 percent in WPM treated explants, while the percentage of contamination and oxidation remained below 20 percent. These findings highlight the importance of adjusting culture conditions and hormone concentrations to maximize in vitro culture success.
Evaluación de la capacidad antioxidante y estabilidad de un extracto obtenido a partir de residuos de hojas de la cosecha del maíz (Zea mays)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02)
Puruncajas Paucar, Angel Santiago
;
Fernández Rivero, Danae
Maize (Zea mays) is a major crop in Ecuador, generating high volumes of underutilized agricultural waste which, if poorly managed, could pollute the environment or have non-economic value. Maize leaves, rich in biomolecules such as chlorophyll and flavonoids, hold potential for industrial applications in food and cosmetics. This research aims to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and stability of maize leaf extracts to promote their utilization. Two extracts were prepared using 96 percent ethanol and an acetone-ethanol mixture in a 3 to 1 ratio, which were analyzed through FTIR spectrophotometry. Their antioxidant capacity was studied using the DPPH assay. The extracts were stored at different temperatures for four weeks, and their FTIR spectra and antioxidant capacity were examined. The FTIR study indicates the presence of hydroxylated compounds in both extracts, acetone extract containing more diverse groups. The antioxidant capacity was 107.15 and 104.39 micromoles of Trolox per gram of maize leaves for ethanol and acetone-ethanol extracts, respectively. The stability study showed changes in the FTIR spectra of both extracts, with an increase in the presence of new functional groups. The acetone-ethanol extract exhibited greater stability in antioxidant capacity, whereas the ethanol extract showed a significant reduction. Refrigeration proved to be the best condition for preserving antioxidant activity in both extracts.
Evaluación de fitohormona para la división celular in vitro de Myrciantes rhopaloides
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02)
Medina Medina, Jorge Antonio
;
De la Torre Olvera, Helena Maritza
Myrcianthes rhopaloides commonly known as Black Arrayan is an endemic species of Ecuador, which has been used intensively due to the properties and quality of its wood, being of great value for the timber industry, causing the population of this species to be reduced. The objective of this research is to evaluate the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for in vitro cell division by means of in vitro micropropagation, developing organogenesis in the form of leaves and shoots from explants, from the application of an in vitro culture protocol for disinfection in order to obtain viable explants and a variation of four treatments with Gamborg B5 medium; three of which will present phytohormone in different concentrations of 0,5; 1 and 1,5 milligrams per liter of phytohormone and one treatment as a negative control without the presence of phytohormone. As a result of the disinfection, a moderate percentage of viable explants was obtained, where the contamination rate was due to the presence of an endophytic fungus. In the evaluation of the phytohormone treatments, treatment three with a 1,5 percent concentration of indole-3-acetic acid showed a response of leaf and shoot formation in the third week after the start of the experiment, maintaining a gradual increase during the 7 weeks that the explants were incubated.
Evaluación de biofactorías vegetales para la producción y extracción de antocianinas a partir de Col Lombarda (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra)
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02)
Andrade Romero, Christian Israel
;
Lalaleo Córdova, Liliana Paulina
In this research, the seed disinfection and germination process was optimized, exposed to different experimental conditions such as: culture media (Murashige and Skoog Complete and without nitrates); growth regulators (Methyl Jasmonate and Salicylic Acid) and genetic transformation (AtMYB12 and GUS) to obtain transformed seedlings and roots. Extracts were obtained to analyze total anthocyanin content and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. Analyses showed that the use of Gibberellic Acid at 4 degrees improved the germination rate by 83.33 percent. The Murashige and Skoog medium without nitrates favored the accumulation of anthocyanins in the seedlings, reaching a total anthocyanin content of 45.07 mg Cyanidin-3-glucoside per-100 g, with an antioxidant capacity of 65 percent and anti-inflammatory activity of 76.49 percent. In the transformed roots the transcription factor AtMYB12 in Murashige and Skoog complete medium reported better results with a total anthocyanin content of 49.49 mg Cyanidin-3-glucoside per-100 g; antioxidant capacity of 72.10 percent and anti-inflammatory activity of 79.4 percent. Statistical results suggest that the culture medium influences the production of anthocyanins, and the transformed roots in the transcription factor are the most relevant. These results suggest that genetic transformation and the optimization of culture conditions can increase anthocyanin production.

Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología

Examinar

Filtros

Ajustes

Ordenar por

resultados por página

Resultados de la búsqueda