Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial
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Item Gestión de riesgos físicos y mecánicos en la Curtiduría Hidalgo de la ciudad de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2025-02) Toalombo Eugenio Hernán Ismael; Jordán Hidalgo Edisson PatricioSafety laws and regulations are applied in all business environments with the main objective of protecting people who are the most valuable resource of the company and carry out work activities under risky conditions. The Hidalgo Tannery, a company dedicated to the production of leather, has few plans, requirements and technical documents that address the risk factors necessary to prevent or reduce accidents and physical damage in the workplace. The poor training of workers in safety measures, their overconfidence when carrying out their tasks and lack of knowledge about the correct use of personal protective equipment are some of the causes that have generated the presence of risks in the company. Through the research carried out, it was proposed as a solution to the problem to propose an industrial safety technical management plan based on the independent study and analysis of the work areas and considering the regulations currently established within the national statutes and regulations. The most critical risks were identified in the production area, with mechanical risks being the most serious, and it was detected that noise levels exceed the permitted limit (85dBA) in workplaces such as hairdressing, fleshing, dividing, tanning, softened, pigmented and ironed. Furthermore, factors such as the lack of signage, disorder, the absence of training and the lack of prevention plans aggravate the levels of occupational risk in the company.Item Riesgos mecánicos en el departamento de obras públicas del GAD Latacunga(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-02) Moreira Almache, Edy Vladimir; Jordán Hidalgo, Edisson PatricioThe safety of workers is a matter of utmost relevance today, both for private and public companies. For this reason, the current research project aims to identify and assess the risks most prevalent in the activities carried out by workers in the metal-mechanical industrial workshop of the GAD Latacunga. The risk assessment focused specifically on mechanical risks. The absence of occupational risk management means that workshop workers are exposed to various risks that threaten their safety, health, and physical integrity. In order to detect risk factors in the activities conducted in the industrial workshop, various tools were utilized, including interviews, checklists, description sheets, and a triple-criteria matrix. These tools allowed for detailing the risks to which workers are exposed. By applying the PGV methodology (Probability, Severity, Vulnerability), it was possible to identify and evaluate risk factors, resulting in a total of 262 identified elements. Out of these, 35 correspond to physical factors, 143 to mechanical factors, 28 to chemical factors, 29 to biological factors, 12 to ergonomic factors, 15 to psychosocial factors, and no major explosion risks were identified. Once the risks with the highest prevalence in the workshop were identified, their assessment was carried out using the technical standard NTP 330. This standard allowed for evaluating each of the mechanical risks present in the activity, assigning them a level of action classified as acceptable, improvable, correctable, or critical situation. Finally, a prevention plan for mechanical risks was developed, consisting of three phases: an initial phase establishing policies and objectives, an operational phase covering identification, evaluation, and prevention, and lastly, a supervision phase involving monitoring and control. The goal of this plan is to minimize and prevent risks in the work areasItem Riesgos mecánicos en el área de producción en la empresa Heron(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-09) Núñez Escobar, Dayanna Abigail; Urrutia Urrutia, FernandoThis research study is carried out in the productive area of HERON, a manufacturing company located in the Lasso neighborhood, Tanicuchi parish, Latacunga canton of the Cotopaxi province, specialized in the design and construction of stainless equipment and machinery for the food industry. The INSHT risk assessment matrix was achieved to identify the hazards and estimate the risks in the different jobs of the company, which resulted in identifying a total of 101 risks in the 12 existing jobs to mechanical risks, 12% to environmental risks, 10% to psychosocial risks, 9% to ergonomic risks, 5% to physical risks and 3% to chemical risks. Twenty trivial risks were identified, 48 tolerable, 23 moderate, 8 important and 2 intolerable. The evaluation of mechanical risks was carried out using the NTP 330 methodology, which allowed the identification of 25 mechanical risks, of which 18 are better, 5 important and 2 intolerable critical that require immediate correction, while 80% of the risks are at level II, which requires correcting and adopting control measures. Finally, as a preventive measure for risk control, a risk management plan is proposed that includes company information, risk assessment methods and a series of programs and procedures suggested for the proper development of activities in the production área.Item Riesgos mecánicos en el taller de mantenimiento de la empresa de trasporte pesado José Ocaña Mayorga S.A.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2022-09) Paredes Sánchez, Cristhian Alex; Tigre Ortega, Franklin GeovannyIn the work performed in maintenance workshops, especially in those where there is the existence of heavy load vehicles, there are different types of risks to which workers are subjected. One of the risks that is prevalent and of particular interest are the mechanical hazards, this is due to the use of tools and tasks in confined situations in the vehicles. Thus, this research project focuses on the analysis of the mechanical risks present in the maintenance workshop of the heavy transport company "José Ocaña Mayorga S.A.". Through an observation-based methodology and the use of arrays to record the information, the activities of all the workstations present in the workshop were identified. Likewise, an initial analysis was carried out by means of checklists to identify the mechanical risk factors due to the safety conditions of the facility. Subsequently, using the Colombian Technical Guide 45 (GTC-45), the mechanical risk factors derived from the activities of the maintenance shop workers were identified and evaluated, which resulted in a total of 424 mechanical risks associated with the workers' activities, with the following factors being found as intolerable: falls to different levels and important: handling of equipment or tools, entrapment by or between objects, entanglement or collision by vehicles, and falling objects due to collapse. Consequently, an action guide was developed to control the most critical risk factors, based on the Technical Prevention Standards of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, which will enable workers to perform maintenance activities in safer conditions.Item Evaluación de factores de riesgo mecánicos para la prevención de accidentes laborales en el taller de prefabricados mecánicos utilizados en facilidades petroleras(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2019) Cáceres Tamayo, José Luis; Rosero Mantilla, César AníbalEXECUTIVE SUMMARY The present research work focuses on the mechanical risk factors in the workshop of mechanical prefabricated of the Central Obrador of the Construcciones y Prestaciones Petroleras (CPP). The methodology used was through the initial observation of the activities by jobs and the application of controlled records in the company and also contrasted with the mechanical risks suggested by the Ministry of Labor Ecuador (MDT). Subsequently, the identified risks are assessed and controlled with the guidance for the identification of the risk factors of the INSHT, this information is developed with the data obtained from the CPP management system, about the events that were reported and recorded in its first year of operations in the study area. The objectives proposed in the development of the research was to perform the annual assessment of mechanical risk factors, apply prevention tools and controls to reduce the level of exposure to the risk factor; to finally show the management carried out in its first year of operations.Item Riesgos mecánicos en los trabajadores del área de la construcción(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2019) Balseca Paredes, Oscar Fabián; Tigre Ortega, Franklin GeovannyEl presente trabajo investigativo se realiza en las instalaciones del Hospital Regional Docente Ambato, ubicado en el sector norte de la provincia de Tungurahua, lugar donde la empresa pública Cuerpo de Ingenieros del Ejército viene cumpliendo sus actividades constructivas y de repotenciación. El estudio se lo realiza reconociendo las características que presenta la obra de construcción civil en cuanto a su ambiente laboral, áreas de trabajo, máquinas, herramientas y personal involucrado. En base al análisis inicial de riesgos se identifican todos aquellos con potencial de generar consecuencias mortales y que requieran priorizar los esfuerzos en su tratamiento, tomando en consideración que, de no plantearse una solución adecuada al problema, incidirán negativamente en los niveles de Seguridad Laboral de los trabajadores de la construcción. Además del reconocimiento de Riesgos mediante la metodología establecida por William Fine, se aplica la encuesta y la entrevista como herramientas de reconocimiento para fundamentar la necesidad del presente estudio; para la validación de la hipótesis planteada se emplea el método Chi-Cuadrado, para establecer finalmente que los Riesgos Mecánicos representan el factor de mayor incidencia en la Seguridad de los trabajadores del área de la Construcción y obra civil en general. La propuesta está enfocada en el planteamiento de un programa de prevención de Riesgos Mecánicos aplicado al área de la construcción en obra vivil, con la finalidad de reducir la incidencia frente a las actividades de alto riesgo y también ser una fuente de consulta y profundización para estudios de este tipo.Item Factores de riesgo mecánico y su incidencia en la generación de accidentes laborales en taladros de reacondicionamiento de pozos petroleros(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2018) Guzmán Montenegro, Fernando Daniel; Morales Perrazo, Luis AlbertoEXECUTIVE SUMMARY The occupational hazards to which workers are exposed in the well refurbishment drills are a major problem because they are the main cause of accidents in the oil industry, contributing to absenteeism, costly compensation and low productivity. The research carried out was based on the analysis of mechanical risk factors and their incidence in the generation of work accidents in oil well reconditioning drills. The assessment of mechanical risk factors was developed in the four processes of the well reconditioning drill in the company CCDC Rig 52, the identification was made through preventive observation cards and checklists; the measurement by means of the method of the Colombian Technical Guide (GTC 45) in which it is determined that there are unacceptable and acceptable risks with specific control; The mechanical risk factors detected as not acceptable in the process of operations were trapping and handcuffs with 41%, followed by falls at a different level with 37%. Out of a total of 71 work accidents, 59 are due to mechanical risk factors and the most affected are the Cuñeros with 19; Accident rates analyzed since 2013 show that in the last year 2017 the frequency index is 0.25 below the target set 0.8. Through the analysis carried out, it is determined that there is a positive association between the study variables in the calculation of relative risk (RR = 2.08), with a 95% confidence interval of 3.74 to 1.17. It is concluded that the mechanical risk factors generate accidents in high percentages during oil well reconditioning activities, so a prevention program is developed to reduce the frequency of undesired events.Item El riesgo mecánico y su incidencia en la accidentabilidad de los trabajadores en el área de planta de reciclaje de residuos no biodegradables(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Dirección de Posgrado. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2015) Godoy Ruiz, Amed Cruz; Toro Toro, Jane de LourdesSUMMARY This paper presents a study degree of industrial safety conditions from the detection of the main mechanical risks the recycling of non-biodegradable waste GAD, Municipality of Loja. This study builds on the high level of accidents recorded by accident rates policy, and due to the lack of similar studies in the recycling plant, which has led to several incidents occur involving human strength related machines, and which is an activity that becomes the nature of everyday work is done here. The methodology used in this research is through field research and literature that has been of great academic value for the technical content that has contributed to this research, also descriptive and exploratory research to the work of collection of data used in the that the primary actors are the workers, the plant manager and the few records found related accidents. After carrying out a detailed review of the dangers of mechanical nature in the recycling plant proceeded to a measurement and evaluation of mechanical risk, which could be identified that there are about 7 risks that have been important and against whom they should take effective measures to correct them, before increasing accident indicators measures. To solve the problem, it is proposed to develop a plan to prevent mechanical risks which are stipulated the various measures to be taken at the plant to reduce the rate of accidents recorded in the same way a documentary follow-up is suggested to revalue industrial safety and decrease verify mechanical risk factors on staff.Item Los Riesgos en espacios confinados y su incidencia en la salud ocupacional de los trabajadores de la Empresa Industrial Metalmecánica “Talleres Buenaño”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Dirección de Posgrado. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2017) Buenaño Valencia, Edgar Leonardo; Mariño Rivera, Christian JoséEXECUTIVE SUMMARY The research presents the reality of hazards when performing work in confined spaces of autotanks, in which the worker is exposed to incidents, accidents and occupational diseases. In the Industrial Company Talleres Buenaño, maintenance processes are carried out in autotanks, this implies that several tasks will be executed within the confined space of the tank, where there are inherent risks that, when not properly managed, expose the health and life of the worker. The different types of mechanical, physical, chemical and ergonomic hazards have been analyzed. For this purpose, the risk matrix, surveys and interviews with the workers involved in the maintenance processes were used; and also measurements of toxic gases were made. As a result, the existence of risks of falls, drownings, suffocation, burns, electrocution, particle projection, fire, explosion, postural problems, etc., directly affecting Occupational Health of workers was determined. It is proposed as a solution, the elaboration of a Safety Protocol for work in the confined spaces of the tankers that are maintained in the Talleres Buenaño Industrial Company.Item Riesgos mecánicos y su influencia en la seguridad laboral de la empresa Guritbalsaflex Cía. Ltda.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Dirección de Posgrado. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2016) Mestanza Segura, Pedro Alexander; Matehu Gonzales, Carlos AníbalEXECUTIVE SUMMARY The present research the identification, evaluation and control of mechanical hazards and their impact on occupational safety in the company Guritbalsaflex Cia Ltda, the study will be conducted to know the inner details of the factory as infrastructure, machinery and equipment, shift work, work environment (working conditions), machining process, mainly traffic areas and personnel exposed in each of the positions or workplaces that presents the process of development of balsa wood panels, surveys and interviews with real information of what happens in this process, achieving responses required for subsequent statistical analysis, after obtaining such information occupational risks identified by the safety analysis work (AST), after it is estimated and quantified occupational hazards present at each position and / or work area using the matrix of occupational hazards of the National Institute of Safety and Occupational Health of Spain (INSHT) and quantification of mechanical hazards using the NTP 330 matrix INSHT, with the results of the latter a control program technical management of mechanical hazards arise, improving sub conditions standards with correction results criticizes very urgent, running implementation, prior to management meetings for explanation and approval, plus a procedure for investigating accidents and occupational incidents with their respective records for implementation is made, so this will be obtained statistical information on accidents and finally the operational instructions of comprehensive work on the production line process is performed to standardize daily tasks, in order to reduce or minimize the main occupational hazards present in the machining processes or work areas they can affect the physical integrity of the worker, achieving a safer working environment.