Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial

URI permanente para esta comunidadhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/1

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Arquitectura IOT aplicada al turismo inteligente para la ciudad de Baños de Agua Santa, Ecuador
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones., 2026-07-01)
Armendáriz Real, Paúl Alejandro
;
Castro Martin, Ana Pamela
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Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones.
TURISMO INTELIGENTE, LORAWAN, REDES INALÁMBRICAS, CIUDADES INTELIGENTES, INTERNET DE LAS COSAS This project proposes the design of an IoT architecture applied to smart tourism in the city of Baños de Agua Santa, Ecuador, in order to establish a foundational technological infrastructure that enables the progressive incorporation of digital solutions for monitoring, managing, and analyzing tourism-related information, thereby contributing to the development of Baños as a smart tourism destination. The research arises from the need to integrate technological solutions that support environmental monitoring, people flow control, and parking area management, optimizing connectivity and access to real-time information in a city with high tourism activity and particular geographical conditions. The proposed architecture consists of four fundamental layers: perception, network, processing, and application. These layers integrate sensors, IoT devices, communication protocols, and technological platforms that enable data acquisition, transmission, processing, and visualization. LoRaWAN technology is employed for communication between IoT nodes and gateways due to its wide coverage, low energy consumption, and efficient data transmission capabilities. In addition, tools such as CupCarbon, OMNeT++, Radio Mobile, InfluxDB, and Grafana were used for data simulation, evaluation, and visualization, enabling the analysis of network performance, coverage, and connectivity parameters. Furthermore, the geographical conditions of Baños de Agua Santa were considered to optimize device placement and ensure communication stability. As a result, a functional and scalable architecture was obtained and validated through simulations and laboratory tests using IoT devices, demonstrating functionality, connectivity, and efficient data transmission within the proposed architecture.
Sistema de monitoreo ambiental basado en Lorawan para la recuperación y gestión sostenible de quebradas en el Cantón Ambato, Provincia de Tungurahua.
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2026-06-30)
Gavidia Masaquiza, Carlos Paul
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Robalino Peña, Edgar Freddy
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Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones
This project develops the design of an environmental monitoring system based on LoRaWAN technology, aimed at contributing to the recovery and sustainable management of the ravines of Ambato canton, using the Pisocucho ravine as a case study. The proposal focuses on monitoring soil moisture, soil temperature, and electrical conductivity, variables associated with the environmental conditions of the study area. The methodological process included geographic delimitation using Google Earth Pro, spatial processing in QGIS, and a digital elevation model obtained from OpenTopography to characterize the terrain. Based on the territorial analysis, the location of the gateway was defined. In addition, the radioelectric behavior was evaluated using Radio Mobile, while network performance was analyzed through simulations in OMNeT++/FLoRa, considering alternative gateway locations, transmission power levels, and environmental conditions. Gateway G1 was selected as the main reception point based on criteria of physical security, accessibility, available height, and operational feasibility. In the final validation of the critical scenario, with high precipitation and an effective power of 17 dBm, fifty independent 24-hour runs were performed. The statistical results showed an effective PDR, according to FLoRa DER, of 29.10% ± 0.67; an average RSSI of −120.12 dBm ± 0.08; an average SNIR of 121.72 ± 4.85; and an average total energy consumption of 63.55 J ± 0.69. These results show that the proposed design constitutes a technically viable basis for implementing an environmental monitoring system in the Pisocucho ravine.
Seguridad y vulnerabilidades de dispositivos IOT LORAWAN frente a interferencias y ataques de radiofrecuencia con FLIPPER ZERO
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2026-01)
Gómez Soxo, Odalys Valeria
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Robalino Peña, Edgar Freddy
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Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones
This thesis conducts a comprehensive analysis of security in an IoT environment using LoRa and LoRaWAN technology, applied to a real system consisting of IoT nodes, a LoRaWAN gateway, and a backend infrastructure developed with ChirpStack. The analysis seeks to detect vulnerabilities related to cryptographic management, access control, wireless communication, and interface exposure, taking into account the threats inherent in LPWAN networks and the guidelines established by OWASP IoT Top 10. The methodology used consists of four stages: designing and implementing a controlled test environment, which includes setting up a LoRaWAN server on a Linux virtual machine, integrating nodes, and configuring an operational gateway; conducting communication tests, validating RF parameters, and functionally analyzing the IoT system; employing methods to evaluate security using techniques such as sniffing, replay, interference, and passive analysis with Flipper Zero and SDR equipment; classifying the risk and devising measures to mitigate it based on telecommunications standards and engineering best practices. The findings show that there are serious vulnerabilities in unencrypted LoRa links, that LoRaWAN metadata is exposed, that there are fingerprinting risks, weaknesses in key management, and susceptibility to RF attacks such as replay and jamming. Based on these findings, a technical mitigation guide is developed with the aim of strengthening the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the IoT system. To this end, suggestions are made regarding encryption, authentication, physical control, firmware hardening, and spectrum monitoring. This study helps to understand and strengthen security in Internet of Things solutions based on LPWAN technologies.
Sistema de localización en tiempo real para la seguridad de exploradores en las zonas montañosas de Tungurahua con tecnología Lorawan
(2025-08)
Revelo Paredes Alex Marcelo
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Robalino Peña Edgar Freddy
;
Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones
The objective of this project is to enhance the safety of explorers in the mountainous areas of Mount Tungurahua through the implementation of a real-time localization system based on LoRaWAN and GPS NEO 6M. To address the needs of the explorers identified in the survey, an appropriate IoT architecture was developed, selecting the most efficient modules and electronic components. During field tests conducted on the North and South routes of the volcano, the system showed a success rate of 75% on the North route and 70% on the South route, demonstrating its effectiveness in challenging terrain. The system achieved 80% coverage in areas with constant signal and a margin of error of 6.42 meters, though in areas with dense vegetation and rocky formations, the margin of error increased to 7.37 meters, highlighting the need to improve coverage in these critical areas. Although the prototype uses an 8800mA battery, its autonomy was limited to 4 hours, which posed a challenge for longer expeditions. The implementation of retractable batteries extended the autonomy to 8 hours, though further optimization is needed for extended expeditions. The simulation of two repeaters on the North - Pondoa and South - Puela routes significantly improved signal quality, with the reception level (Rx) improving from -120.2 dBm to -75.6 dBm, ensuring reliable transmission in remote áreas
Sistema electrónico para el monitoreo y control de variables agrícolas empleando los principios de smart farming y agricultura de precisión
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeiería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2025-02)
Chato Guangasi Henry Paul
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Córdova Córdova Edgar Patricio
In contemporary society, agriculture plays a pivotal role. Although it is predominantly cultivated in the conventional manner, which is outdoors, there has been a notable increase in the cultivation of crops in controlled environments, such as greenhouses. This shift is driven by the need to safeguard plantations from the adverse effects of abrupt climate changes. Moreover, the integration of advanced technology tools has enabled enhanced control over the soil in which the plantations are situated, a practice known as precision agriculture. In this context, a study was conducted with the primary objective of implementing a system to control and monitor agricultural variables using Precision Agriculture and Smart Farming principles. It is imperative to have soil conducive to successful harvesting, as this is directly linked to achieving higher production and quality. The system is founded on the implementation of LoRaWAN technology, a system capable of managing multiple nodes with a high degree of reliability and without the loss of any information. The system is comprised of four distinct stages: data acquisition, transmission, control and processing, and visualization. The acquisition stage involves the use of sensors to gather data from the soil and the environment within the greenhouse, with a demonstrated reliability of 98.1%.The transmission stage employs LoRaWAN technology, utilizing Heltec LoRa32 microcontrollers and a gateway that functions as a central receiver for data from all nodes. The processing and visualization stage employs a dedicated graphical interface, facilitating the observation of measured variables through time-series graphs. In the control stage, the actuators demonstrated high efficiency, responding promptly and accurately to the programmed instructions
Sistema automatizado de control y monitoreo basado en tecnología Lorawan y MQTT para el cultivo de hortalizas bajo invernadero
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2023-03)
Pérez Reyes, Freddy Josué
;
Sánchez Zumba, Andrea Patricia
The continuous progress of technology and the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the agricultural sector has allowed an advance in the systems that favor the development of crops. This project develops a control and monitoring system for the cultivation of vegetables under greenhouse in the Huachi Grande parish of Ambato. The objective is to provide the grower with an autonomous system capable of making intelligent decisions without the need for constant supervision by a person. The system allows monitoring and control of temperature and humidity, as well as pH levels and the amount of radiation that the plants receive during the day, and also has an artificial lighting system. The purpose of this research work is to provide a favorable environment for cultivation inside a greenhouse, for this we work with temperature and humidity sensors, soil moisture sensors, pH sensor and solar radiation sensor. In order to control the temperature inside the greenhouse, two fans and an automatic curtain closing and opening system by means of a low-speed electric motor are used, as well as soil humidity control, which is carried out by means of drip irrigation. On the other hand, for pH monitoring, a sensor is used for the water that enters the crop through the irrigation hoses. Finally, a solar radiation sensor is used to monitor the amount of radiation received by the plants, in order to activate artificial lighting, if necessary, with the objective of increasing the period of time during which the plant performs photosynthesis. The technology used is based on LoRaWAN and the MQTT protocol. The system has two Lora nodes and a gateway to communicate with the server and connect the system to the Internet. To control the system, an HMI based on Node-RED is used, which allows constant real-time monitoring, automatic or manual control of the system and visualization of daily statistics. In addition, the system has a control and monitoring through the Telegram application, through which the producer receives alert notifications and can control the system manually.

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