Ciencias Agropecuarias

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Subject: search.filters.subject.GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Evaluación de fórmulas de sustratos alternativos en la germinación de semillas de brócoli (Brassica oleracea var.italica)
    (2024-08) Altamirano Núñez, Christian Rodrigo; Guerrero Cando, David Aníbal
    Seed health is a vital factor for successful agricultural production to prevent the spread of different pathogens. Likewise, soil suppression is very important to help seed germination, and it is necessary to have a large number of beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, the use of a good substrate is one of the key points to ensure healthy and vigorous seedlings. In this sense, in the present research, different substrate formulas for broccoli seed germination were evaluated, where different percentages of Azolla enriched with zeolite and humic acids were evaluated on plant height, germination percentage, leaves per plant, root volume and percentage of useful plants. The following proportions were used: S1 (Azolla 70% + zeolite 30%), S2 (Azolla 69.5% + zeolite 29.5 % + humic acids 1.0%), S3 (Azolla 69% + zeolite 29 % + humic acids 2%), S4 (Azolla 68.5% + zeolite 28.5 % + humic acids 3.0%) and it was compared with a commercial substrate, S5 based on Sphagnum peat. The effect of the different substrates was observed where significant differences were observed between them. The greatest plant height was obtained with the substrate composed of 68.5% Azolla, 28.5% zeolite and 3.0% humic acids, with which the plants reached 2.52 cm and 3.2 cm at 15 and 30 days, respectively. Likewise, the number of leaves per plant (3.13 leaves), root volume (0.45 ml), germination percentage (95.70%) and useful plants (92.67%) were observed with the same substrate, whose values were significantly equal to those obtained with the commercial substrate. Although the costs for obtaining the different substrates did not show significant differences, the use of substrates based on Azolla enriched with zeolite and humic acids is suggested, since these are products that are easily available in the area.
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    Evaluación de diferentes tipos de sustratos en la germinación de semillas de lechuga crespa (Lactuca sacriola var.Sativa L)
    (2024-08) Gamboa Mancheno, Wagner Angelo; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge Enrique
    On a global scale, lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is one of the most popular vegetables in the daily diet, due to its wide-ranging health benefits. However, factors such as the lack of investment to improve cultivation methods have discouraged production. Therefore, among the strategies to be evaluated are studies on seed production that allow improving crop production and productivity. In the present study, the effect of different substrates (worm humus, chicken manure and rice husk) on the germination of semigreen curly lettuce seeds was evaluated. These were compared with a control treatment (soil). In each treatment, the percentage and speed of germination were evaluated for 6 days. In addition, the length of the roots, fresh weight, dry weight and dry matter were evaluated at 15 and 25 days after the emergence of the seedlings. According to the results obtained, both the germination percentage and the root length were affected by the type of substrate, being higher than the control in all types of substrates. Additionally, the root length and dry matter of lettuce seedlings were significantly higher in seedlings obtained from the three types of substrates. In addition, an economic analysis of each of the treatments was carried out, in which the total income, net benefit per treatment and the benefit-cost ratio were calculated, where T2 obtained the lowest costs with $13.82 and reached the highest benefit-cost ratio of 0.44. Based on the results obtained, field studies are required to validate this research
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    Evaluación de diferentes tipos de sustratos en la germinación de semillas de lechuga crespa (Lactuca sacriola var.Sativa L)
    (2024-08) Gamboa Mancheno, Wagner Angelo; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge Enrique
    On a global scale, lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is one of the most popular vegetables in the daily diet, due to its wide-ranging health benefits. However, factors such as the lack of investment to improve cultivation methods have discouraged production. Therefore, among the strategies to be evaluated are studies on seed production that allow improving crop production and productivity. In the present study, the effect of different substrates (worm humus, chicken manure and rice husk) on the germination of semigreen curly lettuce seeds was evaluated. These were compared with a control treatment (soil). In each treatment, the percentage and speed of germination were evaluated for 6 days. In addition, the length of the roots, fresh weight, dry weight and dry matter were evaluated at 20 and 25 days after the emergence of the seedlings. According to the results obtained, both the germination percentage and the root length were affected by the type of substrate, being higher than the control in all types of substrates. Additionally, the root length and dry matter of lettuce seedlings were significantly higher in seedlings obtained from the three types of substrates. In addition, an economic analysis of each of the treatments was carried out, in which the total income, net benefit per treatment and the benefit-cost ratio were calculated, where T2 obtained the lowest costs with $13.82 and reached the highest benefit-cost ratio of 0.30. Based on the results obtained, field studies are required to validate this research
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    Evaluación de sustratos orgánicos a base de subproductos agrícolas en la germinación de semillas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa) variedad General
    (2022-09) Rumipamba Curicama, María Fernanda; Gutiérrez Albán, Alberto Cristóbal
    An agronomic evaluation of the feasibility of the production of vegetable seedbeds such as lettuce (Lactuca sativa) General variety was carried out, implanted in different substrates obtained from compost as a technological process for its production, the work was developed under greenhouse conditions. he composting phase was carried out on wooden crates, obtaining a total volume of 0.012 m3 per treatment, of which a volume of 0.009 m3 was used. The experimental design used contemplated a completely randomized block design and the ADEVA analysis of variance was applied, evaluating the characteristics of the substrates obtained with each biowaste and their effect on the dependent variables. Variables of germination vigor, plant development and quality of the substrates used were evaluated from bioresidues from the agricultural production of potatoes, corn and tree tomatoes in the province of Tungurahua. The substrates that allowed the best development of the plants in the lettuce crops were the mixture of potato residues plus a commercial substrate based on coconut fiber, with a vigorous plant development. The fact that the obtained substrates showed a C/N ratio close to or equal to the 20-25 range is highlighted, which predicts the fact that the influence exerted by the initial C/N ratio on the composting process and the action of the microorganisms obtained in the substrate. The seeds prepared with the best treatment germinated more quickly, presenting a larger seedling size, in addition to their growth being more vigorous, and their roots deployed more vigorously.
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    Evaluación de medios de cultivo para la germinación “in vitro” de las orquídeas cyrtochilum macranthum y epidendrum jameisonic rchb.f
    (2011) Muñoz Barrionuevo, Martín Isaac; Cherres, Nelly
    El ensayo se realizó en el Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Facultad de Ingeniería Agronómica de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato, localizada en el cantón Cevallos, provincia de Tungurahua, a 16 km, al Sur Oeste de la ciudad de Ambato, en las coordenadas geográficas 01° 22' 20" de latitud Sur y 78° 36' 22" de longitud Oeste, a la altitud de 2 688 m.s.n.m, con el objetivo de: evaluar la germinación de semillas de cápsulas verdes y maduras de las orquídeas Cyrtochilum macrantum y Epidendrum jameisonic y determinar el medio de cultivo para la germinación in vitro de semillas. Se utilizó el diseño de bloques completamente al azar (DBCA), mediante distribución grupal, con tres repeticiones. Los tratamientos fueron 24. Se efectuó el análisis de variancia mediante análisis grupal, agrupando el factor especies de orquídeas; pruebas de Tukey al 5% y pruebas de Diferencia Mínima Significativa al 5%. Se efectuó así mismo el análisis de costos de cada uno de los tratamientos. La orquídea Epidendrum jameisonic (E2), reportó los mejores resultados, con menor tiempo a la germinación (90,92 días), mayor porcentaje de germinación a los 90 días (38,98%), como a los 120 días (48,00%) y a los 150 días (67,56%); mayor crecimiento en altura de planta a los 90 días (0,19 cm), a los 120 días (0,56 cm) y a los 150 días (1,01 cm); mejor número de hojas a los 120 días (1,03 hojas) y a los 150 días (2,25 hojas) y menor tiempo al trasplante (99,31 días). Dentro de la especie Cyrtochilum macranthum (E1), los tratamientos de cápsulas verdes (C1) germinaron en menor tiempo (91,78 días), alcanzando mayor germinación a los 90 días (31,17%), a los 120 días (32,19%) y a los 150 días (79,66%), redujeron el tiempo al trasplante (100,78 días). El medio M4 (Murashigue & Skook 1+ carbón activado + pulpa de plátano 150 g/l), produjo mayor precocidad a la germinación (65,17 días) y al trasplante (71,17 días); los tratamientos del medio de cultivo M5 (Murashigue & Skook 1/2+ carbón activado + pulpa de plátano 150 g/l) reportaron mayor porcentaje de germinación a los 90 días (56,89%) y a los 150 días (94,30%), como mayor altura de planta a los 90 días (0,17 cm), a los 120 días (0,33 cm) y a los 150 días (0,53 cm), con mejor número de hojas a los 120 días (1,17 hojas) y a los 150 días (2,00 hojas). Dentro de la especie Epidendrum jameisonic (E2), los tratamientos de cápsulas verdes (C1), redujeron los días a la germinación (98,06), mejorando la germinación a los 90 días (64,44%), a los 120 días (65,83%) y a los 50 días (95,43%), alcanzaron mayor altura de planta a los 90 días (0,32 cm), a los 120 días (0,87 cm) y a los 150 días (1,53 cm), con mayor número de hojas a los 120 días (1,17 hojas) y a los 150 días (2,72 hojas). El medio M4 (Murashigue & Skook 1+ carbón activado + pulpa de plátano 150 g/l), produjo mayor precocidad a la germinación (64,00 días) y al trasplante (72,17 días) y el medio M3 (Murashigue & Skook 1/4+ carbón activado 8 g/l), mayor porcentaje de germinación a los 90 días (69,13%), a los 120 días (74,08%) y a los 150 días (76,65%), con plántulas de mayor altura a los 90 días (0,52 cm), a los 120 días (1,07 cm) y a los 150 días (1,77 cm) y mejor número de hojas a los 120 días (2,00 hojas) y a los 150 días (3,83 hojas). Del análisis de costos se concluye que, en general, el costo fue menor en los tratamientos cuyos medios no incluyeron pulpa de plátano, especialmente aquellos que se conformaron del medio de cultivo M3 (Murashigue & Skook 1/4+ carbón activado 8 g/l), debido a la menor concentración de Murashigue & Skook, respectivamente.