Ciencias Agropecuarias
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Item Evaluación de la composición de la leche de cabra (Capra aegagrus hircus) alimentada con dietas a base de forrajes arbóreos(2020-03-19) Castro Vargas, Pamela Lissette; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos AThe aim of the present research was to determine the voluntary intake, physicochemical composition and milk production of goats fed with diets based on tree forages such as Acacia black (Acacia melanoxylon) and Retama (Senna multiglandulosa). 4 goats were used during pregnancy (2 primiparous and 2 multiparous). The work was carried out in the Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias - UTA. The voluntary intake was carried out by the direct method (feed offered - feed rejected in 24 hours) every 15 days 3 consecutive days. Milk yield was evaluated every 15 days for 3 consecutive days in milking in the morning and in the afternoon. The analysis of the physicochemical composition of the milk obtained was performed using an automatic milk analyzer: LACTOSCAN, where samples of 0.5 kg per treatment were used. The digestibility of the diets was performed in vitro. Voluntary intake of DM and digestible DM no showed differences between treatments (P> 0.05). The digestibility of DM was higher (P = 0.0003) in the treatment including broom (S.multiglandulosa) (T3; 74.2%). Regarding milk yield, it was higher (P = 0.0012) in the treatment including Acacia (T2) with a production of 1.5 L/animal/day. The chemical composition of milk in analytes such as fat, non-fat solids, protein, minerals, lactose, density was not reflected significant differences (P> 0.05) between the evaluated treatments. It was concluded that by including A.melanoxylon in the diet of dairy goats it increases milk production.Item Comportamiento productivo y rendimiento a la canal en conejos alimentados con forrajes arbóreos(2016) Chisag Caiza, Luis Miguel; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos AntonioThe aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of the ingestion of tree fodder on the productive behavior, also to the slaughter yield in rabbits. This research was executed at the Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias - UTA. It used 48 rabbits of 8 weeks of age, distributed at random in four experimental diets Medicago sativa (T1), Malva sylvestris (T2), Baccharis floribunda (T3), Spartium junceum (T4). It was evaluated the voluntary intake of nutrients of diets; weight gain; feed conversion; apparent digestibility of nutrients and to the slaughter yield. For the voluntary intake of organic matter T1 and T4 showed significant variance (P = 0.0001) with respect to the others treatments with values of (205.44 g and 202.92 g respectively), for the voluntary intake of raw protein the first place is for T2 (52.69) with a difference (P = 0.0001) of them others treatments, while for voluntary intake of neutral detergent fiber and voluntary intake of acid detergent fiber the treatment T1 with a difference (P = 0.0001) , was greater (81.06; 34.02). The weight gain, feed conversion and to the slaughter yield was better in treatment T2 (29.1g, 7.6 and 48.6% respectively). In them diets T1 and T2 were higher statistically (P = 0.0001) for the apparent digestibility of dry matter and apparent digestibility of matter organic with values (65.11; 67.93 and 62.72, 64.73 respectively), for the digestibility of protein raw with a significant difference (P = 0.0001) was for T1 with a value (81.77) and for ADNDF was greater in T1, followed of T2 (84.064 and 71.8). Key words: Malva sylvestris, feed conversion, weight gain, digestibility and slaughter yieldItem Preferencia del consumo de forrajes arbóreos y arbustivos andinos en ovinos(2016) Ortiz Tirado Paúl Santiago, Paúl Santiago; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos AntonioEl objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la preferencia de consumo de árboles y arbustos forrajeros, utilizando ocho ovinos machos de alrededor de 30 kg. Donde se evaluó: Baccharis latifolia, Malva sylvestris, Cytisus monspessulanus, Tecoma stans, Anethum graveolens, Alnus acuminata, y Sambucus nigra. Se determinó: preferencia de consumo voluntario, mediante una prueba de cafetería. Degradación ruminal in situ MS, mediante la técnica de la bolsa de nylon en el rumen. Digestibilidad y producción de gas in vitro. Los resultados del screening fitoquímico muestran que T5 presenta una moderada concentración de saponinas. En taninos totales T6 presenta una concentración. Para alcaloides totales y polifenoles totales T3, T4, T6 muestran presencia cuantiosa respectivamente. Aceites esenciales se observa que T5 y T7 tienen una alta concentración. La preferencia de consumo mostró diferencias (P=0.0001) entre tratamientos siendo el mayor consumo para T6 (117 gMS/animal/día). La mayor digestibilidad y menor producción de gas se observó en T2 y T1 (71.1% y 203.88 ml de gas/0.5g MS fermentable respectivamente). La degradación ruminal de la MS los mayores porcentajes (P=0.0001) para la fracción soluble A fue para T1 y T4, la fracción B mostró para T2, T5 y T7. Se puede concluir que los forrajes de árboles (T6 y T4) como de arbustos (T2) se puede incluir en la dieta de los ovinos mejorando funciones del rumen y disminuir emisiones de GEIs.