Ciencias Agropecuarias

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Subject: search.filters.subject.FACTORES DE RIESGO

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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Factores de riesgo durante el ordeño asociado a mastitis subclínica bovina por Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente (MRSA)
    (2025-02) Toscano Ponce Jonathan Daniel; Burgos Mayorga Ana Rafaela
    Mastitis is a relevant disease in the livestock sector
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    Neoplasias de las glándulas mamarias en caninos: prevalencia y factores de riesgo en Latinoamérica
    (2025-02) Morales Segovia Shirley Monserrath; Lozada Ortiz Jenny Piedad
    mammary gland neoplasms are common in non-spayed female dogs, although other risk factors such as breed, age and obesity predispose to them. Objective: to provide updated information on the most common mammary neoplasms in Latin America and to evaluate the risk factors in female dogs. Method: an exhaustive analysis of previous research and relevant scientific literature was carried out, focusing on aspects such as the types of mammary neoplasms mostly per country, as well as the risk factors that are associated with their occurrence, with the Result: that mammary neoplasms are one of the most common conditions in unspayed bitches, with a remarkably high prevalence in certain regions. Other significant risk factors are age, obesity and diet, which contribute to the development of these tumours. In addition, the importance of early and accurate diagnosis was highlighted.
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    Prevalencia de mastitis clínica y subclínica e identificación de factores de riesgo ambientales en vacas lecheras
    (2025-02) Chacha Caguana Gissela Elizabeth; Rosero Peñaherrera Marco Antonio
    Bovine mastitis is one of the main diseases affecting dairy production, causing significant economic losses. This study was conducted in the community of Tilivi, belonging to the Union of Peasant and Indigenous Organizations of Pasa (UIOCAIP), with the aim of determining the prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis, as well as identifying the associated environmental risk factors. 30 cows were evaluated using the California Mastitis Test (CMT), identifying a prevalence of 86%, with a predominance of subclinical mastitis. Through the analysis of risk factors, it was found that 69% of milking management practices do not meet adequate standards, including the lack of udder disinfection, absence of post-milking sealing, and the inadequate use of cleaning materials. Likewise, it was identified that the frequency of single daily milking increases the risk of infection in animals. The results highlight the importance of implementing preventive measures, such as improving milking hygiene, using gloves, sealing teats and training farmers in good practices. The application of these strategies will contribute to reducing mastitis and improve the quality and quantity of milk produced in the region.
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    Identificación de los factores de riesgo asociados a enteroparásitos en gallinas criollas (Gallus gallus domesticus) de traspatio en las zonas rurales de la parroquia San José, de la provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador
    (2025-02-11) Cuvi Cuenca Keyla Paola; Rodríguez Haro Cecilia Elizabeth
    Currently, there are not enough formal studies on parasitological fauna in backyard birds in Ecuador, for this reason the present work aims to contribute with knowledge regarding the prevalence and parasitic incidence of backyard poultry production in parish San José, province of Pastaza, likewise, describe the importance of sustainable and sustainable production that guarantees food safety because to strengthen both animal health and the sanitary management of animals by identifying risk factors to prevent them through sanitary control management, therefore, the objective of the present investigation was to identify the main gastrointestinal parasites associated with risk factors and zoonotic interest in backyard birds from rural areas of the tropics. Fecal samples were collected from 80 birds (roosters and hens) of different ages under a backyard breeding system. The samples were collected at random. For laboratory analysis, the samples were subjected to flotation and washing tests and the Mc Master technique. The prevalence of parasites could be determined with a value of 91.25%, depending on sex, the positive parasite prevalence in females was high (60%). Regarding the identification of parasites, the prevalence of: Hymenolepis setigera and Capillaria spp was reported with 27% respectively, followed by Eimeria spp (26,3%). Depending on age; The parasite prevalence was higher in birds older than 12 months. Finally, the Odds Ratio values were greater than 1, in factors such as deworming, feeding, and housing, which is considered a viable irrigation factor, favoring parasite infestation.
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    Factores de riesgo asociados a enfermedades causadas por nematodos y cestodos endoparásitos en cerdos en el Centro de Faenamiento Pelileo
    (2024-10) Lascano Gualpa, Rosa Obdulia; Almeida Secaira, Roberto Ismael
    Incidence of internal parasites affects pig production, which not only causes significant economic losses in livestock production worldwide, but also implies a risk to the health of people involved in this type of industry and consumers of meat. of pork. Thus, the present study was carried out in order to analyze the risk factors associated with diseases caused by endoparasite nematodes and cestodes in pigs at the Pelileo Slaughter Center during the period 2023-2024. Diagnosis of parasite species was carried out following the procedures established by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Agriculture and Fisheries with its attached entity AGROCALIDAD (Agency for Phyto and Zoosanitary Regulation and Control). The species were found: Ascaris sp. and Hyostrongylus sp. (Nematoda) and larval phase of Cisticercus tenuicollis and the hydatidic cyst (Cestoda) mainly associated with the liver of pigs. The highest prevalence was observed for Ascaris sp. infections (21.07%) followed by larvae of Echinococcus granulosus (19.73%) and Hyostrongylus sp. (5.87%), while double Ascaris-Hyostrongylus infections were relatively low (1.33%) as well as infections by hydatidic cysts (1.07%). Regarding risk factors, it was found that age was associated with the prevalence of parasites, being higher in pigs less than 1 year old. Regarding the location within the host, parasites were mainly found in organs that make up part of its biological cycle. On the other hand, no association was found with the sex of the host. According to the results, the prevalence of Ascaris and metacestods of Echinococcus seems to be related to herd management factors, however, this aspect requires investigation.
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    Determinación de Campylobacter spp. en muestras de carne de pollo que se expenden en el cantón Ambato
    (2023-03) Osorio Moreno, Lisbeth Mayte; Cruz Quintana, Sandra
    Chicken meat is a widely consumed food worldwide, while it is accessible to the majority of the population; Ecuador is a country that produces and consumes chicken meat. Being a food with an environment conducive to microbial growth, it tends to have pathogens that harm humans. Campylobacter spp. It is a gram negative bacterium that causes ETA and it is common to find it in chicken meat, its study being essential in the poultry industry and food safety. The purpose of this study was to determine Campylobacter spp. in chicken meat sold at authorized and informal points of sale in the Ambato canton, Tungurahua, Ecuador. Microbiological tests such as growth at 42 °C on Campylobacter selective agar, motility, Gram staining, and biochemical tests such as oxidase, catalase, and molecular identification were performed. Preliminarily, 6 (13.3%) and 5 (11.1%) positive samples were obtained from authorized and informal points, respectively. When performing molecular identification, no sample was positive for Campylobacter spp. Finally, the samples obtained contained microorganisms such as Enterococcus faecalis, Lactococcus garvieae, Enterococcus gallinarum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Aeromonas veronni. Risk factors related to chicken meat such as meat conservation, vendor protection measures, and premises hygiene indicate the predisposition of chicken meat to contamination, both in authorized premises and in informal premises.