Ciencias Agropecuarias
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Item Evaluación del heno de cebada y alfalfa sobre los índices productivos en las etapas de crecimiento y engorde de cuyes(2025-02) Lema Inga Maria Fernanda; Rosero Peñaherrera Marco AntonioThe feeding of Cavia porcellus is significant in the development of these animals, it is subject to the quality and contribution of nutrients, for this reason the objective was to evaluate the barley and alfalfa hay on the productive indices in the growth and fattening stages of guinea pigs, it was developed under a DBCA, with 4 treatments T1 3 % barley and alfalfa hay, T2 5 % barley and alfalfa hay, T3 7 % barley and alfalfa hay and T0 control with only green forage; in 3 repetitions, that is, 12 experimental analysis units with 5 animals each, total of 60 animals, it was compared using the Tukey test at 5% in Infostat, with the response variables initial weight in (g), final weight in (g), weight gain in (g), feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass weight in (g), carcass yield in %, mortality rate, cost / benefit ratio. The results for the chemical analysis the percentage of NDF the alfalfa hay in T2R2 with 56.79% and the T2R1 with 55.71%; for the FAD the alfalfa hay in T2R2 with 41.08% and T2R1 with 39.71%; the initial weight of the guinea pigs were T1 = 288.58 g; the T2 = 280.15 g; the T3 = 315.22 g and the T0 = 265.01 g; giving an average of 300 g; final weight in (g) for the T1 treatment with 676.38 g; the weight increase in (g) the T1 treatment with 387.80 g; the feed consumption the T1 treatment with 1848.57 g; the feed conversion the T1 treatment with 4.84 g; Regarding carcass weight, the highest value was found in treatment T1 with 422,75 g; carcass yield was highest in treatment T0 with 80.99%. It was concluded that the best treatment for the response variables was T1, which indicated the highest productive indices; in the cost-benefit ratio, it was found that T1 and T2 reported the highest benefits with 1.27 and 1.20 respectively.Item Evaluación del forraje verde hidropónico de cebada (Hordeum vulgare) y concentrado sobre los índices productivos en etapas de crecimiento y engorde en cuyes (Cavia porcellus)(2024-08) Villalba Chulco, Ambar Cristina; Núñez Torres, Oscar PatricioThe study evaluated the effects of different proportions of hydroponic barley green fodder (FVHC) and feed concentrate in the feeding of guinea pigs in the growth and fattening stages. The treatments were distributed in five groups: 100% FVHC + 0% feed concentrate (T0), 75% FVHC + 25% feed concentrate (T1), 50% FVHC + 50% feed concentrate (T2), 25% FVHC + 75% feed concentrate (T3) and 0% FVHC + 100% feed concentrate (T4). The results showed that T2 (50% FVHC + 50% feed concentrate) was the most balanced and effective as it obtained significant weight gain and adequate feed conversion in the growth and fattening stage. On the contrary, T0 (100% FVHC + 0% feed concentrate) and T4 (0% FVHC + 100% feed concentrate) had limitations in which the former obtained higher feed intake and higher feed conversion, demonstrating that it was not sufficient to satisfy the guinea pig's nutritional requirements. On the other hand, T4 presented lower feed efficiency throughout the study because the insufficient amount of fiber negatively affected its performance. Finally, the study emphasizes the importance of a mixed diet to ensure optimal performance and welfare of the guinea pigs.Item Evaluación de la producción de forraje verde hidropónico de cebada (Hordeum vulgare L.) con nutrición mineral(2024-02) Gavilanes Pérez, Abraham Ezequiel; León Gordon, Olguer AlfredoProduction of hydroponic forage is a relevant technology for obtaining high-quality forage in a short time. In the case of barley, it represents the fourth most cultivated cereal in the world, which makes it very important for global agriculture. The objective of this research was to determine the performance of hydroponic green barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) forage under two nutrient solutions. Each nutrient solution varied in the content of nutrients such as N, P, K, other secondary macro elements (Mg, S and Ca) and microelements. Was evaluated the effect on plant height, fresh weight and dry root and aerial part, incidence of contaminants and yield in fresh weight of the shoot were evaluated. The solution A, with the highest nutrient content (N: 147ppm, P: 76ppm, K: 225ppm Ca: 120ppm) produced the highest plant height (19.1 cm), mat thickness was also achieved. root (5.8 cm), fresh and dry weight of the aerial part (60.9 and 24.9 g, respectively) and fresh and dry weight of the root mat (147.7 and 77.3 g, respectively) and, finally, higher yield (13.9 kg/m2). There was no effect of the nutrient solution on the number of leaves, quality of the root mat, incidence of contaminants and days to harvest. This type of technology is little known in the country, however, given the high quality of the forage obtained hydroponically, it is suggested that socialization campaigns be carried out among producers in the region to show the feasibility of its production. Keywords: barley, green fodder, hydroponicsItem Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de cuatro líneas promisorias de cebada desnuda bajo las condiciones agroecológicas del sector Querochaca(2023-03) Chugcho Chugcho, Christian Daniel; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueThe research proposes the evaluation of the agronomic behavior of four promising lines of naked barley under the agroecological conditions of the sector of Querochaca, a completely random block design was used with 5 treatments and 3 repeats, variables such as days of tasseling, height of the thatch plant type, spike size, number of grains per spike, yield, specific weight, weight of thousand grains, type and color of grain and diseases that occurred were evaluated, for each of these variables the Shapiro Wilks, Homogeneity, ADEVA, 5% Tukey or qualitative test was performed. Concluding that all the promising lines provided by the program of Cereals in research were adapted under the agro-ecological conditions of the sector Querochaca canton Cevallos, in the province of Tungurahua. Obtaining promising lines much more outstanding than others, where CD-19-010 was the line that best adaptability in field presented with 81.67 days to the stem, intermediate stem, yield of 7483.33 kg/ha, specific weight of 78.90 kg hl -1 a coarse, large grain, well-formed, clean white and good looking. As for diseases that occurred were; yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis) had a percentage of 15%, leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) a percentage of 1% and yellow dwarfism virus of barley (Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus). Restricted yellowing of the leaves was found making it the best promising line compared to the remaining three lines (CD-19-007, CD-19-006, CD-19-011) and the control variety INIAP-ATAHUALPA 92Item Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de cuatro líneas promisorias de cebada bajo las condiciones agroecológicas del sector Querochaca(2023-03) Naranjo Freire, Diego Alejandro; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueThe present research work evaluated the agronomic behavior of four promising lines of barley, under the agro ecological conditions of the sector of Querochaca, the promising lines and the improved variety were provided by the INIAP cereals program, a completely random block design was employed with 5 treatments with 3 repetitions, in the research we studied variables such as days of tasseling, plant height, spike size, thatch type, number of grains per spike, yield, thousand grain weight, hectolithic or specific weight, type and color of grain and diseases, for each variable was used the test of Shapiro Wilks, homogeneity, ADEVA and Tukey to 5%, already finished the investigation the promising lines have been adapted to the agro ecological conditions of the field Querochaca in Cevallos canton, province of Tungurahua. Promising lines were obtained that stood out much more than others, the promising line CD-19-004 was the line that was better adapted to agro ecological conditions, presenting 85.33 days to the stem, plant height 125 cm, an intermediate stem, a medium grain, round shape, white color and good appearance, there was presence of diseases yellow leaf rust (Puccinia striiformis) with a severity of 38.8%, leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) present a severity of 6.67% and yellow dwarfism barley virus (BYDV) present traces of yellowing of the tip of few leaves, vigorous looking plant, CD-19-004 was the best promising line compared to the remaining three lines (CD-19-013, CMU-19-002, CMU-19-001) and surpassing the improved variety INIAP-CAÑICAPA 2003.Item Efectos de la aplicación de soluciones concentradas de semillas pre-germinadas de cebada en el cultivo de mora (Rubus glaucus Benth cv. De Castilla)(2015-02-26) Gamboa Bustos, Ricardo David; Valle, LucianoEn la parroquia Montalvo a pesar de que existen tierras altamente productivas, los ingresos obtenidos por la producción de mora no justifican la inversión que se realiza, de tal manera que la población ha optado por la migración para mejorar sus ingresos económicos; por otro lado el uso inadecuado de agroquímicos ha producido la degradación del suelo, agua y principalmente de los cultivos. El objetivo del ensayo fue evaluar el rendimiento del cultivo de mora de Castilla aplicando soluciones de semillas pre-germinadas de cebada; empleando 4 concentraciones (2, 4, 6 y 8 kg de cebada en 10 l de agua) con tres frecuencias de aplicación (15, 30 y 45 días). La investigación se realizó en la propiedad del Ingeniero Vinicio Guevara ubicada en el caserío Palahua El Carmen, parroquia Montalvo al sur de la ciudad de Ambato provincia de Tungurahua, con una altitud de 2908 msnm; cuyas coordenadas geográficas son: 01º20`25,5´´ Latitud Sur y 78º37`53,3´´ Longitud Oeste tomadas con Sistema de Posicionamiento Global (G.P.S.). El ensayo constó de trece tratamientos. Para el análisis de resultados se utilizó el diseño experimental de bloques al azar, con arreglo factorial de 4*3+1 con cuatro repeticiones. Se efectuaron el análisis de varianza (ADEVA) y pruebas de Tukey al 5%. La solución de 8 kg/10 l (C4) con frecuencia de 30 días (F2), produjo el mejor rendimiento del cultivo con promedio de 2,07 kg/planta; existiendo diferencias especialmente con el testigo (T) que produjo 0,83 kg/planta. En los análisis de laboratorio se constató que las cantidades de N, Cu, Zn y Mn son similares en todas las soluciones excepto en la de 8 kg/10 l donde el K, Ca y Mn son superiores. Las mayores cantidades de P y Fe en la de 2 kg/10 l; y la de Mg en la de 6 kg/10 l.