Ciencias Agropecuarias

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Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    Evaluación del forraje verde hidropónico de cebada (Hordeum vulgare) y concentrado sobre los índices productivos en etapas de crecimiento y engorde en cuyes (Cavia porcellus)
    (2024-08) Villalba Chulco, Ambar Cristina; Núñez Torres, Oscar Patricio
    The study evaluated the effects of different proportions of hydroponic barley green fodder (FVHC) and feed concentrate in the feeding of guinea pigs in the growth and fattening stages. The treatments were distributed in five groups: 100% FVHC + 0% feed concentrate (T0), 75% FVHC + 25% feed concentrate (T1), 50% FVHC + 50% feed concentrate (T2), 25% FVHC + 75% feed concentrate (T3) and 0% FVHC + 100% feed concentrate (T4). The results showed that T2 (50% FVHC + 50% feed concentrate) was the most balanced and effective as it obtained significant weight gain and adequate feed conversion in the growth and fattening stage. On the contrary, T0 (100% FVHC + 0% feed concentrate) and T4 (0% FVHC + 100% feed concentrate) had limitations in which the former obtained higher feed intake and higher feed conversion, demonstrating that it was not sufficient to satisfy the guinea pig's nutritional requirements. On the other hand, T4 presented lower feed efficiency throughout the study because the insufficient amount of fiber negatively affected its performance. Finally, the study emphasizes the importance of a mixed diet to ensure optimal performance and welfare of the guinea pigs.
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    Efecto de la restricción alimentaria sobre los índices productivos e incidencia de ascitis en pollos COBB 500
    (2022-03) Rodríguez Zea, Karla Fernanda; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    In this study, 120 birds were randomized in an experimental setup (DCA), to examine how food restriction affected production rates and the incidence of ascites in COBB 500 hens. Experimental animals were split into four blocks, each with three repetitions: control (T0), ten percent (T1), fifteen percent (T2), and twenty percent (20%) limitations. From day 1 to day 20, the same nutritional table, vaccination regimen, and management system were followed, in line with the needs and recommendations of the Cobb 500 dietary tables (2018). According to Cobb Vantress tables, a quantitative restriction (10, 15, and 20%) was implemented as of day 21. Food was weighed daily from day 21 to 42 in accordance with the recommended restriction tables for each therapy. Analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5% were used to analyze weights at weeks 1, 21, 35, and 42, weight increase, mortality, feed conversion, and production costs. We measured the presence of ascites from clinical observation and symptoms recorded (Table 13); postmortem organs and the interaction of the heart were analyzed. There were significant differences (p0.005) between the averages; T3 (20 percent limitation) produced the largest results in terms of productivity indices (table 4.5). As far as the incidence of the ascites syndrome is concerned, the T2 (15 percent restriction) and T3 (20 percent restriction) were the treatments of choice, regardless of the total ventricular mass and right ventricle, as well as postmortem symptoms and clinical signs. The clinical indications and pathologic changes they observed were minor in comparison to T0 (control) and T1 (10% limitation).
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    Evaluación de avena (Arrenatherium elatius) de corte e hidropónica sobre los índices productivos en la alimentación de cuyes (Cavia porcellus)
    (2022-03) Vaca Altamirano, Cristhian Ivan; Núñez Torres, Oscar Patricio
    The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cutting and hydroponic oats (Arrenatherium elatius) on the productive indices in the feeding of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). A DBCA (completely randomized block design) was used, where 5 treatments were carried out with 4 repetitions and 5 animals per repetition for which it was necessary to acquire a total of 100 guinea pigs of one month, 50 males and 50 females. performed an analysis of variance (ADEVA) and significant Turkey tests at 5%. The treatments were distributed as follows: T1 (100% cut and 0% FVH), T2 (75% cut and 25% FVH), T3 (50% cut and 50% FVH), (75% cut oats and 25% FVH), T5 (25% cut and 25% FVH), T5 (100% FVH and 0% cut). The study variables were feed consumption, final weight and weight gain, mortality, carcass yield, feed conversion. The T1 and T2 showed significant differences each one with a mean of 332.41g and 329.69 g placing them in rank A of food consumption. In the evaluation of the productive indices, the best feed conversion was the T3 treatment, yielding an average of 0.86 ICA, likewise the T3 obtained an average of 662.23 g in the weight gain which was located in the range A, unlike of T4 and T1 with 588.05 and 575.15 g respectively had an AB rank. Regarding carcass performance, they did not show significant differences and mortality in the same way. Finally, in the economic analysis, Q5 reached a better benefit / cost ratio for each dollar invested, obtaining a recovery of 0.83 cents; concluding in this way that the use of FVH improves the performance of the productive parameters and a decrease in the total costs in raising guinea pigs.
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    Efecto de la aplicación de gnrh sintética sobre la calidad seminal y caracteristicas reproductivas de carneros alimentados con alfalfa contaminada con Pseudopeziza medicaginis
    (2020-01-06) Bustos Cazar, Bryan Sebastian; Aragadvay Yungán, Gonzalo
    This work was carried in Technical University of Ambato where nine (3 for each treatment) adult rams mest with a live weight of approximately 40kg and 2 years old were used; the animals went through a process of adaptation and training with a duration of 20 days for it: This objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the application of synthetic GnRH (buserelin acetate) on the seminal quality and reproductive characteristics of rams fed with alfalfa contaminated to 70% of Pseudopeziza medicaginis. The project was carried out in a completely randomized design. The frequency of GnRH administration and seminal extraction (T0: Control, T1: Alternate, T2: Continuous) by artificial vaginas for the evaluation of: volume, mortality, concentration, morphology: loose head of sperm (MCS), small tail (CP), beheaded (DC), crooked tail (CT), bent tail (DAG defect) (CDD), tail rolled up (CE), mass mobility, individual mobility on the other hand was also evaluated: scrotal circumference (EC), testicular volume (VT) and copulatory capacity (Ex. Female, N° jumps, ejaculate, time) of which the following results were obtained: with respect to sperm morphology referring to a loose head of sperm (indicator 4), it showed a significant difference (P=0,0048) between treatments finding lower percentages of loose heads of sperm in animals that were administered a dose (12μg) of half-hour buserelin acetate before extraction for 7 days in a row (T2); as soon as regarding mass and individual mobility, differences were observed (P=<0,0001), with greater mobility in T1 (4) compared to T0 and T2. It is concluded that the administration of buserelin acetate at a dose of 12μg /ram IM acted efficiently decreasing the index of loose heads when administrated 30 minutes before seminal extraction for 7 continuous days (T2) and as a consequence in both mass and individual mobility. What is feasible in rams fed alfalfa (Medicago sativa) contaminated with 70% of the fungus Pseudopeziza medicaginis
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    Efecto de la harina de romero (Rosmarinus officinalis) para mejorar los parámetros productivos en pollos de engorde
    (2015) López Albuja, Daniela Alejandra; Guerrero López, Jorge Ricardo
    The present investigation evaluated the effects of Romero flour (Rosmarinus officinalis) in diets for broilers in the Puerto Arturo sector, belonging to the Izamba parish of Tungurahua Province, with this research it was sought to give an alternative to high and indiscriminate use of different antibiotics and growth promoters that is generally used in broiler chickens, in such a way that with the use of rosemary flour (Rosmarinus officinalis) it can be reduced and even avoid the incidence of diseases, reduce production costs and thus in this way obtain products of innocuous animal origin and of excellent quality suitable for human consumption. The investigation began with the preparation of rosemary flour (Rosmarinus officinalis) that consisted of the following steps: harvesting, selection, drying and grinding of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). The investigation was carried out using 200 broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 genetic line of one day of age, with an average weight of 41.2g on arrival, in the house the birds' beds were installed in the form of a square in which were located 20 experimental units with a number of 10 animals each. Rosemary flour (Rosmarinus officinalis) was added to the diet in doses of 0.5% (T1), 1.0% (T2), 1.5% (T3) and 0% (T0). A completely randomized design (DCA) was carried out. The data were analyzed using the analysis of variance and the Tukey test 5% for the treatments.
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    Evaluación comparativa con dos sistemas de alimentación complementaria (silopack, balanceado) sobre el metabolismo hepático y producción de leche
    (2018) Holguín Sevilla, Enrique Esteban; Rosero, Marco
    The objective of the present investigation was the comparative evaluation with two systems of complementary feeding (silopack, balanced) on the hepatic metabolism and milk production. In a total of 20 cows with an average of similar milk production, which were divided into 2 haciendas, 10 animals per hacienda. The two haciendas were located geographically in the same area, at an average altitude of 3100 m, with temperatures ranging between 5-18 degrees Celsius. In each farm the 10 animals were subjected to the two types of supplementary feeding, with a dose of 2 kg each, giving a time of adaptation between food of 14 days. In the first instance, all the animals were limited to a normal diet based only on grazing and in milking the food supplement was eliminated. After 14 days of adaptation, silopack was dosed in Agrícola Pogyopata and balanced in Hacienda La Laurita with doses of 2 kg respectively for 7 days. In the same way, while the transition time between food and feed was taking place, samples of blood, milk and production data of the 20 animals were collected. After the expiration of 14 days, the supplement was changed in each Hacienda, then in Agrícola Pogyopata it was dosed balanced and in Hacienda La Laurita silopack with a dose of 2 kg respectively for 7 days. After the two treatments, blood, milk and production data were collected. The best results were supplementation with silopack, obtaining better results in milk production. With the only disadvantage that in 2 analytes evaluated in liver profile (AST, Albumin and Alkaline Phosphatase) there was a slight increase more than normal, but it did not necessarily reflect liver damage
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    Evaluación del efecto del uso de bloques nutricionales como dieta suplementaria en la alimentación de cuyes destetados (Cavia Porcellus).
    (2014-07-24) Paucar Paucar, Dina Paulina; Lozada, Efraín
    En la comunidad de Nitiluisa de la parroquia Calpi, cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo. Ubicada a 2.950,0 m.s.n.m., temperatura media 12,0 °C y humedad relativa 60,0 %. Se evaluó el efecto del uso de tres bloques nutricionales con 15, 16 y 17 % de proteínas como dieta suplementaria en la alimentación de cuyes destetados durante el crecimiento. Se utilizaron 60 cuyes machos de 30 días de edad y un peso promedio de 0,431 Kg., los mismos, fueron distribuidos bajo un diseño de Bloques completamente al Azar, con 4 repeticiones por tratamiento y el tamaño de la unidad experimental fue de 5 animales y alojados en cubículos de cemento y malla de 0,70 m de ancho, 0,60 m de largo y 0,50 m de alto. Las variables de estudio, no registraron diferencias estadísticas (P >0,05) entre las medias de los tratamientos; sin embargo, numéricamente, los mayores pesos finales se observaron en los cuyes del bloque nutricional (T3) con el 17 % de proteínas con 1,133 Kg. Las mayores ganancias de peso en el bloque nutricional (T3) con el 17 % de proteínas con 0,6837 Kg. Los mayores consumos de alimento, en el bloque nutricional (T1) con el 15 % de proteínas y el bloque nutricional (T3) con el 17 % de proteínas entre 3,223 y 3,237 Kg, respectivamente; La mejor eficiencia de conversión alimenticia, en el bloque nutricional (T3) con 17 % de proteína con 4,99 y la mayor eficiencia en (T1) con el 15 % de proteína con 5,68. No se registró bajas en ninguno de los tratamientos de estudio. Las mayores rentabilidades económicas, según el indicativo beneficio/costo, en el bloque nutricional (T3) con el 17 % de proteínas con 1,27. En consideración a los resultados alcanzados, se recomienda utilizar bloques nutricionales hasta con el 17 % de proteínas empleando materias primas logradas en la misma finca como suplemento del forraje verde en la comunidad de Nitiluisa del cantón Riobamba de la provincia de Chimborazo.
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    Evaluación del avance agroecológico mediante indicadores de sustentabilidad en las fincas de la Unión de Organizaciones Productoras Agroecológicas y Comercialización Asociativa Pacat
    (2014-03-19) Chango Amaguaña, Edisson Fabián; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge Enrique
    La presente investigación evalúa las fincas de los asociados a la PACAT, considerando diez componentes agroecológicos y 80 indicadores, construidos con la activa participación de sus socios. Para categorizar a las fincas se utilizo la metodología de MESMIS, en tres índices de sostenibilidad, categoría A (sostenible), categoría B(medianamente sostenible) y categoría C (insostenible), Las 92 fincas encuestadas en las tres zonas los resultados finales demuestran que han logrado avances significativos en la mayoría de los componentes agroecológicos con una puntuación promedio en la zona alta de 73,3 puntos, en la zona media de 73,1 y la zona baja de 74,7, esto quiere decir que los fincas de los productores asociados a la PACAT, realizan prácticas agroecológicas dentro de sus fincas, ubicándose en la categoría B (mediamente sostenible); es decir, han empezado a poner en práctica varias de las recomendaciones agroecológicas, observándose ciertos avances y logros. Finalmente se realizaron comparaciones entre las zonas con los diez componentes, se construyeron diagramas radiales de sustentabilidad. En estos se visualizan las potencialidades y limitaciones de cada componente de las fincas agroecológicas de las zonas.
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    Utilización de forraje hidroponico más balanceado comercial como alimento en la crianza de cuyes a partir de la tercera hasta la décima semana de edad
    (2014-01-27) Tubón Siza, Mariela de los Ángeles; Montero, Mayra
    El ensayo se realizó en la provincia de Tungurahua, cantón Ambato, con el propósito de: evaluar el tipo de forraje verde hidropónico de más alto rendimiento, a más de evaluar económicamente los resultados. Los forrajes se suministraron en dos etapas: de los 15 a 45 días de edad se dotó 100 g/animal/día + 10 g de balanceado; de los 46 días a los tres meses de edad 200 g/animal/día + 20 g de balanceado a 60 cuyes machos de 15 días de edad.Los tratamientos fueron cuatro. Se empleó el diseño de bloques completamente al azar con cuatro tratamientos y tres repeticiones. Se efectuó el análisis de variancia y pruebas de Tukey al 5%, a más de calcular la relación beneficio costo RBC. Del consumo de alimentos se concluye que, tanto los forrajes hidropónicos como la alfalfa fueron consumidos en su totalidad, sin dejar sobrantes o alimento rechazado, por lo que fueron de adecuada palatabilidad y digestibilidad. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con la dotación del forraje conformado por alfalfa más balanceado (T) reportando los más altos pesos (520,38 g a la cuarta semana y 1277,33 g a la treceava semana), la mejor ganancia en peso (208,73 g a la cuarta semana y 967,33 g a la treceava semana) y los mejores índices de conversión alimenticia (14,97 a la cuarta semana, 14,37 a la treceava semana y 17,57 en conversión alimenticia total), sin reportar mortalidad. Dentro de los forrajes verdes hidropónicos evaluados, los mejores resultados se alcanzaron con la utilización de forraje verde hidropónico de cebada más balanceado (F1), con los mejores pesos (442,62 g a la cuarta semana y 1042,48 g a la treceava semana), la mejor ganancia en peso (132,60 g a la cuarta semana y 731,67 g a la treceava semana) y los mejores índices de conversión alimenticia (23,60 a la cuarta semana, 18,95 a la treceava semana y 23,16 en conversión alimenticia total), con 13,33% de mortalidad. Del análisis bromatológico se estableció que, la alfalfa reportó el mayor porcentaje de proteína bruta (20,38%), como de humedad (76,70%) y porcentaje de grasa de 2,46%. Dentro de los tratamientos evaluados el mayor porcentaje de proteína bruta reportó el FVH de cebada (12,55%), como de humedad (74,12%) y el forraje verde hidropónico de maíz reportó el mayor porcentaje de grasa (2,71%). Del análisis económico se concluye que, los tratamientos de alfalfa más balanceado (T), alcanzaron la mayor relación beneficio costo de 0,61, siendo desde el punto de vista económico el tratamiento de mayor rentabilidad. Dentro de los tratamientos de forraje verde hidropónico, la mayor relación beneficio costo reportó el forraje verde hidropónico de cebada más balanceado (F1), con valor de 0,11.