Ciencias Agropecuarias
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/870
Browse
9 results
Search Results
Item Evaluación del aceite esencial de valeriana (Valeriana officinalis) en la reducción de estrés en caninos domésticos durante la consulta(2024-08) Gavilánez Lalaleo, Erika Johanna; Kelly Alvear, Gerardo EnriqueInnovative therapeutic alternatives, such as aromatherapy, are emerging as promising solutions to mitigate indicators of distress. Nowadays, pet owners are not only concerned with their pets' physical health but also with their emotional well-being, highlighting the importance of implementing methods that not only treat medical conditions but also enhance the overall veterinary care experience for animals. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of valerian essential oil (Valeriana officinalis) in reducing stress in dogs during veterinary consultations. The study was conducted at the Pet's Home Veterinary Clinic located in Ambato, Tungurahua Province, with a sample of 33 dogs in optimal health conditions, distributed into three groups of 11 patients. The treatments administered through environmental diffusers were: T1 with 2% valerian essential oil, T2 with 4% valerian essential oil, and a control group T0 (placebo). Stress signs were observed through behavioral assessments evaluating the following variables: posture, ears, lips, breathing, activity, and vocalization using an ethogram, along with blood tests to measure cortisol levels before and after aromatherapy. In terms of stress signs, there were significant differences in posture, ears, breathing, and activity; however, no significant differences were found in lips and activity. Additionally, a higher number of relaxed patients was reported with T2. The study results revealed a reduction in cortisol levels after exposure to valerian essential oil, which was validated by a t-test with a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05). Therefore, valerian essential oil in aromatherapy is effective in reducing stress in dogs, improving their well-being during veterinary consultationsItem Evaluación de la eficacia in vitro del aceite esencial de romero (Rosmarinus officinalis) como control natural de pulgas en caninos domésticos (Canis lupus familiaris)(2024-08) Aguilar Zapata, Jordi Pau; Vásquez Freytez, Carlos LuisIn the field of human health, pest control has always been very important both in the care of crops and in the fact that they become one of the main factors of disease transmission, with the flea becoming an important vector for the transmission and how to trigger many diseases. Due to this problem, a countless number of insecticides have been created, which due to constant and misuse have created fleas resistant to them, for this reason, this research seeks to evaluate the in vitro effectiveness of rosemary essential oil (Rosmarinus officinalis ) as a natural control of fleas in domestic canines (Canis lupus familiaris). 90 fleas were collected using the fine comb technique, which were subjected to different rosemary treatments (1%, 2%, 4%, 8%) as well as a positive control (Fipronil) and a negative control (distilled water). The fleas were identified as Ctenocephalides felis, based on the morphological characteristics of the head and antennae. In relation to the effectiveness of rosemary oil, it was found that the mortality rate increased with increasing concentration. The highest mortality rate was obtained when rosemary essential oil was used at a concentration of 8%, reaching 50% after 1 hour of application and after 24 and 48 hours mortality reached 100%. Based on the results, it is suggested to carry out in vivo effectiveness evaluations to determine its safety on dogs.Item Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial microencapsulado de Hierba Luisa (Cymbopogon citratus) sobre bacterias Gram positivas aisladas de piel de conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus)(2024-02) Jaramillo Panimboza, Katherine Salomé; Cruz Quintana, Sandra MargaritaThe objective of the research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the microencapsulated essential oil of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) on Grampositive bacteria isolated from rabbit skin (Oryctolagus cuniculus), two Gram-positive bacteria (Paenibacillus profundus and Staphylococcus succinus) were molecularly identified using a 16s marker, the agar diffusion method in wells to measure antimicrobial activity, determined that the two bacterial strains did not form halos of inhibition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in liquid medium was determined at 5% for the P. profundus strain with an optical density of 0.251, with respect to the S. succinus strain it was established that at 25% concentration of the oil there was bacterial growth at an optical density of 0.487, the colony forming units (CFU) for the S. succinus strain were determined at 15% of the oil concentration, with an average range of 2.00 CFU, being the best treatment, while for the P. profundus bacteria it was established from 15%, 20% and 25%, as it does not exist in any of them. the growth of UFC.Item Efecto del aceite esencial del molle (Schinus molle) en el control de Melophagus ovinus (Diptera: Hippoboscidae)(2024-02) Cuji Aucanshala, Liliana Vanessa; López Villacis, Isabel CristinaMelophagus ovinus (sheep louse or tick) is an ectoparasite widely distributed in cold climate areas and is mainly associated with different breeds of sheep. In addition to the damage to the skin or wool caused by this ectoparasite, it can also be a transmitter of different pathogens. Given its importance in sheep farming, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of molle (Schinus molle) essential oil on the control of Melophagus ovinus. Three doses of molle oil were tested (5, 10 and 15%) and distilled water was used as a control. The mortality rate was evaluated at 24, 48 and 72 hours after application, and the mean lethal concentration was calculated by graphical methods. Among the results, it was shown that the mortality of M. ovinus increased as the dose of the oil increased, reaching 82.5% when it was used at 5%, while with the doses of 10 and 15% the mortality increased to 85.0 and 90.0. %, respectively, at 24 hours. At 48 h after application, mortality remained at 82.5 and 85% when the 5 and 10% doses were used, while it reached 100% mortality with the highest dose. A similar behavior was observed 72 hours after application. The median lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated at 6.33%. Molle essential oil was shown to be a viable alternative for the control of M. ovinus, however, evaluations are required under in vivo conditions. Keywords: false tick, sheep, natural controlItem Evaluación de la eficacia de dos tratamientos a base de aceite esencial de ruda (Ruta graveolens) y un tratamiento con ácido orgánico para el control de la varroa (Varroa destructor) en abejas (Apis mellifera)(2023-09) Lozada Lozada, Jennifer Estefanía; Núñez Torres, Oscar PatricioThe main objective of this research work was to evaluate the efficacy of two treatments based on rue essential oil and the use of oxalic acid for the control of Varroa destructor in bees (Apis mellifera), the experiment was carried out in the Apiaries "El sueño" and "Vilmor" located in the Atahualpa and the Peninsula Parishes respectively of the Ambato Canton. We worked with 15 experimental units, which were divided into 5 treatments: T0 (control), T1 (5g of oxalic acid), T2 (10g of oxalic acid), T3 (essential oil of rue at 10%) and T4 (oil essential rue at 15%). The field work lasted 20 days where 3 different applications were placed in a period of 8 days each. Values were recorded in the initial infestation reaching an average of 14.42%, which was reduced to 1.67% in the treatment with the greatest acaricidal effect, T2, this being the best result, followed by T1, T4 and T3. In the same way, the effectiveness margin was identified, where T2 obtained the best percentage with 86.74 with significant differences in relation to T1, T4 and T3. At the conclusion of the investigation, it was determined that in the different treatments the ones that obtained the best acaricidal results were those with the highest amount and concentration of the active principle, in this case T2 and T4 (10g of organic acid and 15% rue essential oil respectively).Item Evaluación del aceite esencial de paico (Chenopodium ambrosioides) como antiparasitario gastrointestinal en conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus) bajo crianza traspatio(2023-09) Sisalema Llerena, Juan Fernando; Borja Caicedo, Byron EnriqueThe present investigation evaluated the antiparasitic efficacy of paico essential oil (C. ambrosioides) in rabbits (O. cuniculus) under backyard rearing, which required 36 rabbits of two months of age, with an average weight of 1352.97 g, distributed in groups of three, with a completely randomized design in three treatments. These were composed of paico essential oil, which was obtained by steam distillation, establishing T0: control (physiological serum), T1: paico essential oil 2.5%, and T2: paico essential oil 5%. All at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg applied only once. For the study, coproparasite examinations were performed: diagnosis, also at 7, 15 and 21 days post-treatment, by means of the flotation technique for identification and McMaster for parasite quantification, and data were collected on the productive performance of the animals. The results identified Passalurus ambiguus and Eimeria spp. The T2 treatment was effective against P. ambiguus while T1 helped in its control. However, the two protocols were ineffective for Eimeria spp. In terms of productive indexes, T1 and T2 had significant differences in relation to the control treatment, improving the indexes of feed conversion, weight gain and feed consumption, with T2 being numerically superior. There was no mortality in the experiment. In conclusion, paico essential oil can represent an alternative to the use of antiparasitic drugs, since parasitic pathologies can represent a loss in rabbit farms.Item Análisis de la eficacia del aceite esencial de té verde (Camellia sinensis) como aromaterapia en la reducción de estrés en gatos de consulta(2023-09) Guevara Solís, Samantha Betzabé; López Villacís, Isabel CristinaThe development of ethology as a scientific discipline has allowed the development of practices that help improve the human-cat relationship and animal welfare. It is for this reason that the new trends in the handling of domestic cats lie in promoting empathy in the respectful handling of domestic cats and the generation of positive experiences when going to the vet, thus avoiding the generation of stress or anxiety. Therefore, a study is proposed to analyze the efficacy of green tea (Camellia sinensis) essential oil as aromatherapy in reducing stress in consulting cats. The proposed study was carried out at the Pet's Home Veterinary Clinic, which is in the Tungurahua Province of the Ambato Canton. The reference population consisted of 45 domestic cats. The sample selection was divided into 3 experimental groups, each of 15 cats that were in healthy conditions with aromatherapy exposure to different concentrations of green tea (5%, 10% and 15%). The experiment model applied to validate the hypothesis responds to the name of Complete experimental design by means of Fisher's test. In conclusion, I have to assert that; green tea as aromatherapy has a relaxing effect in cats based on the p value (0.000 where p value < 0.05) due to the significant behavioral changes between the results of its application.Item Efecto del aceite esencial de congona en el control de Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)(2023-03) García Medina, Katherine Michelle; Velástegui Espín, Giovanny PatricioThis research work was carried out in the entomology laboratory of the campus of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the Technical University of Ambato, located in the Cevallos canton, Querochaca sector, Tungurahua province. The objective of the research was to evaluate the efficiency of congona essential oil in the control of Tetranychus urticae. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with 3 repetitions and the results were examined by analysis of variance (ADEVA) and Tukey's significance test at 5%. The factor under study was the essential oil of congona at four different dosages: D1 (2%), D2 (4%), D3 (8%) and D4 (16%), and the control T (0%), the application of the oil was by the aspersion method, in breeding units where 10 female mites were placed. In the analysis of variances for the mortality rate at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the application of the essential oil of congona and for the oviposition of the mites, the data transformation was applied with the formula √𝑥 + 3 and √𝑥 + 1, respectively, due to the high coefficient of variance. Based on the statistical analyzes carried out in the present investigation, it was determined that none of the treatments applied had a statistically significant response for the control of Tetranychus urticae, since there were no data with significant variation when comparing treatments D1, D2, D3 and D4, with the control T in none of the variables proposed in the investigation. The median lethal dose (LD50) could not be calculated either due to the low percentage of mortality presented by the mites.Item Evaluación del efecto antialimentario y actividad insecticida del aceite esencial de molle (Schinus molle L.) frente al gusano blanco de la papa (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache)(2018) Peña Caiza, Jairo Medardo; Villacís, LuisThe trial was carried out in Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Ambato Technical University, located in the Querochaca Experimental Farm, Cevallos canton, province of Tungurahua, at the latitude of 1º 22 "02" South and longitude of 78º 36' 22'' West, with altitude of 2 850 meters above sea level, with the objective of: determining the antifeedant effect and the percentage of mortality in eggs, larvae and adults that causes the 1essential oil of molle (Schinus molle L.) in 2white worm of the potato (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache); to more than perform the cost analysis. For each state of white worm (adults, larvae and eggs), the treatments were five doses of essential oil (dilution 0,5, 1, 2, 4 y 8%) and a control. The completely randomized block design (DBCA) was used, with six repetitions. The variance analysis (ADEVA) and Tukey tests were performed at 5%. The economic analysis was carried out establishing the production costs of each of the trials. The application of essential oil with 8% dilution (D5), reported the best results, when the highest adult mortality was obtained both in the reading at 24 hours (36,67%) and at 48 hours (30,00 %) and at 72 hours (13,33%). Likewise, a higher percentage of larval mortality was obtained (36,67% at 24 hours, 30,00% at 48 hours and 16,67% at 72 hours); the highest percentage of food inhibition (94,78% at 24 hours, 91,09% at 48 hours and 90,58% at 72 hours); the highest percentage of inhibition of larval hatching was achieved using molle essential oil with 8% dilution (D5) 80,00% inhibition. From cost analysis it is concluded that the highest cost corresponded to the dilution treatments of 8% (D5) ($ 12,129) and the lower cost to the dilution treatments of 0.5% (D1) ($ 11, 25).