Ciencias Agropecuarias
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Item Efecto del Rhodobacter Sphaeroides sobre los índices productivos y digestibilidad aparente en pollos de engorde(2025-02) Maliza Pacha Nelly Elizabeth; Guerrero López Jorge RicardoThe objective of this study was to evaluate the addition of Rhodobacter Sphaeroides in different doses on the productive índices and the apparent digestibility of nutrients. For this purpose, four treatments werw used; T0 control group without the addition of R. Shpaeroides; 1 ml of R. Shpaeroides; T2 with 2 ml of R. Shpaeroides and T3 with 3 ml of R. Shpaeroides per liter of wáter. For the study, 200 one- day- old male and female broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 line were used. Through a completely randomized design with 10 repetitions per treatment and 5 animals per repetition. The data obtained were evaluated with the Infostat statistical program using the Tukey test with a significance leve lof 95 %. The productive period was divided into four stages: initial (0- 10 days); growth (11- 22 days); finisher I (23- 42 days) and finisher II (43- final), while the evaluation of the apparent digestibility of nutrients was carried out in a periodo f 35- 42 days of age. Regarding the results, T3 presented better result in terms of final weight (3052.29 g); weight gain (3012.61 g) and European Efficiency Index (318.72), while feed consumption (g) anda feed conversión index did not present significant differences (P< 0.05). Regarding the apparent digestibility of nutrients, there were no major significant differences (P> 0.05).Item Evaluación de la preferencia de consumo y digestibilidad aparente de forrajes en conejos (Oryctolagus cunículus) de la raza californiana(2025-02) Chasi Chango Pamela Lizbeth; Aragadvay Yungan Ramon GonzaloThe purpose of this research was to evaluate the consumption preference and digestibility in rabbits with different forages as a food alternative for them, thus employing five treatments through a completely randomized design completing a 32- day study. The treatments Avena sativa (T1), Lolium perenne (T2), Medicago sativa (T3), Zea mays (T4) and Malva sylvestris (T5) presented significant differences in the various parameters studied, thus determining that when assessing consumption preference, T1 (2386g) and T3 (2513g) statistically registered the best values compared to T5 (885g), which was the treatment with a lower total consumption during the experimental period, which would determine a better palatability in the treatments with higher consumption. Likewise, in productive parameters such as weight gain, it was noted that the T3 (1027.33g) and T1 (944.67g) treatments stood out, which presented a better weight gain unlike T2 (555.67g), which registered the lowest productive values of the research. At the same time, it was determined that forages such as T1 and T3 presented a better digestibility in dry matter (63.9%) and (59.7%) respectively, organic matter (63.8%) and (48.8%) as they presented a lower content of non-digestible fiber (FDA), which indicates that being a species that practices cecotrophy presents a better use of nutrients, which did not happen with T5, which presented a lower digestibility of nutrients in DM, MO, NDF and FDA which would be aligned with the limited efficiency of this forage and the presence of secondary compounds that also affect the consumption of these forages. This is how he highlights the importance of the implementation of highly palatable forages that also provide the necessary nutrients in the species in order to obtain positive productive parameters together with good digestibility.Item Efecto de la Acacia melanoxylon en diferentes niveles más enzimas fibrolíticas sobre el comportamiento productivo y digestibilidad en ovinos(2022-09) Abarca Cabrera, Alex Enrique; Aragadvay Yungán, Ramón GonzaloThe objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of Acacia melanoxylon plus fibrolytic enzymes on the productive behavior and digestibility in sheep. This research was carried out at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences - UTA. 18 weaned sheep with an average weight of 15 kg were used, in a completely randomized design (DCA) with three groups and 6 repetitions, with diets: T0: Control diet that does not contain inclusion of Acacia melanoxylon, T1: 15% inclusion of Acacia melanoxylon and T2: 30% inclusion of Acacia melanoxylon + 0.2% fibrolytic enzymes. Voluntary intake, weight gain, feed conversion and digestibility in sheep were evaluated. The voluntary consumption of Dry Matter was higher (0.0002) for T1 (1265.25) and T2 (1268.85) compared to T0 (863.75), in Organic Matter it showed differences being higher (0.0002) for T1 (1207.43) and T2 (1206.05) in relation to T0 (831.35); In neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber there were very significant differences (<0.0001) between treatments, being the highest T2 (442.00 and 97.72 respectively) for the other treatments. The weight gain obtained differences between treatments (P=0.0288) being higher for T1 (147.90) and the best feed conversion was for T2 (0.08). The apparent digestibility of DM and OM did not show significant differences; however, there is an increase in digestibility in T1 (67.48 MS and 68.42 MO) and T2 (72.97 MS and 75.53 MO) compared to T0 that only obtained (44.18 MS and 45. 14 MO). In neutral detergent fiber they did not show significant differences (0.0002) for T1 (31,40) and T2 (50,27) in relation to T0 (13.92); And the acid detergent fiber did not show significant differences between T0 (22.39) and T1 (22.58) but the best digestibility of (FDA) was obtained by T2 (37.46). The voluntary intake of digestible DM was higher (0.0002) for T1 (874.82) and T2 (908.58) compared to T0 (637.30); In MO, a difference (0.0004) was found, being (846.30) for T1 and (869.50) for T2, while T0 obtained (627.32); FDN and FDA showed significant differences (<0.0001) in T2 (218.88 and 35.58 respectively). The voluntary consumption of the metabolic weight in DM was higher (0.0009) in T1 (106.93) and T2 (109.66) for T0 (79.65); in MO it was higher (0.0013) for T1 (102.03) and T2 (104.23) compared to T0 (76.67); in FDN and FDA in T2 were significantly different for (<0.0001) being (38.20 and 7.81 respectively). It was concluded that the use of Acacia melanoxylon plus fibrolytic enzymes improves the productive performance and digestibility in sheep.Item Efecto de forraje de moringa, de semilla de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) Y Acacia mearnsii en la fermentación y ecología microbiana ruminal(2021-08) Paucar Manjarres, Evelyn Katherine; Barros Rodríguez, Marcos AntonioThe effect of the inclusion of the seed of Sacha Inchi, forage of Moringa oleifera and Acacia mearnsii in the diet of sheep on fermentation and rumen microbial ecology was determined. The research was developed at the Querocha campus of the Universidad Tecnica de Ambato. Five treatments were evaluated: T1; (Moringa 40%- 60% fodder), T2; (sacha inchi 40%- fodder 60%), T3; (Acacia 40%- fodder 60%), T4; (Moringa 30%, Sacha inchi 30%, Acacia 30% y fodder 10%), under a Latin square design (5x5). The rumen degradation of the Dry Matter, Apparent digestibility of the Dry Matter and Production of gas, methane and carbon dioxide were evaluated. The soluble fraction (A) was higher (P = 0.0001) in the T2 treatment (41.2%), in the insoluble but potentially degradable fraction (B) no differences were observed between the evaluated treatments (P = 0.1602). The degradation rate in% per hour (c) was higher (P = 0.0001) in T1. The potential for A + B degradation was higher (P = 0.0006) in T2 (77.6%). The effective degradation at the different passage rates 0.02, 0.05 and 0.08 k was higher (P = 0.0001) in T1 (65.1, 56.8 and 52.3% respectively). DM digestibility was higher (P = 0.0001) in T5 (53.7). The production of gas, CH4 and CO2 was lower (P = 0.0001) in treatments T1 and T2. Holotric and Entodinomorphic protozoa populations at 12 hours did not show significant differences between treatments (P = 0.9438 and P = 0.1242 respectively). At 24 hours, the Holotric protozoa population was lower (P=0.0010) in T3 and T5. However, the population of Entodinomorphic protozoa did not show differences (P=0.1082) between treatments. Under the conditions of this study, it can be concluded that the inclusion of Moringa oleifera, Plukenetia volubilis and Acacia mearnsii forage in the diet of ruminants, reduces the production of greenhouse gases and the population of rumen protozoa.