Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Tres Esquinas de la parroquia Presidente Urbina, perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Culqui Llamuca, Giovanna Lissette; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierAt present, a serious environmental impact has been observed due to the discharge of wastewater without prior treatment or without adequate sanitation, in order to know if the wastewater treatment plant (PTAR) in the Tres Esquinas sector currently works correctly or has reduced its efficiency in the removal of contaminants, an information survey was carried out in the field, where the maximum flow rates at the entrance and exit of the plant were determined, resulting in 2.40 liters/sec in the tributary and 2.02 liters/sec in the effluent, and thus obtain residual water samples for subsequent laboratory analysis. With the laboratory results and their respective dimensions, the operation of the plant components was evaluated, which are: flow distribution tank, septic tank, ascending flow anaerobic filter (FAFA) and sludge drying bed, demonstrating in mostly the correct operation of the WWTP compared to design manuals; adding that the values of the parameters of the wastewater effluent are less than the maximum values stipulated in the TULSMA 2015 standard. As a result, and to improve the performance of the WWTP, a resizing of the septic tank is proposed, the only component that did not comply with the sizing based on the RAS 2000 standard, additionally an operation and maintenance plan for it is presented, the design of an enclosure and a cover for the sludge drying bed with their respective plans and referential budget.Item Diseño de un sistema de filtración para aguas residuales de lubricadoras y concesionarias de la ciudad de Santo Domingo de los Colorados(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-02) Cedeño Játiva, Paúl Avigail; Morales Fiallos, Fabian RodrigoBecause in the city of Santo Domingo de los Colorados wastewater is discharged without prior treatment, thus harming the environment. We began with the design of a filtration system for wastewater from lubricators and concessionaires of which a prototype of the filtration system was made to scale to observe its operation and check its efficiency, then a count of vehicles was made to calculate the design flow taking as an example the washing and lubricating machine "AUTO - SPA" in the city of Santo Domingo, with this data we proceeded to make a prototype of the filtration system to scale, with which we conducted operational tests obtaining an efficiency of 100 percent. To test the efficiency of the prototype filtration system, two samples of wastewater were taken, the first prior to the final discharge treatment at the aforementioned site and the second was obtained from the prototype filtration system at the final discharge, which consists of 5 stages to better treat the wastewater. The parameters that were evaluated from the wastewater sample were Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 days), Chemical Oxygen Demand, Oils and Fats, Surfactants, Total Suspended Solids, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Total Solids. With the data obtained from the samples, an analysis and comparison of data with the discharge limits to the public sewage system according to TULSMA was performed.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Luis López, parroquia Yanayacu, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Arevalo Gavilanes, Kleber Alfredo; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe purpose of this experimental work is to evaluate the WWTP of the Luis López community through an analysis of wastewater based on the TULSMA 2015 Standard, due to the need to determine if its effluent complies with the discharge limits in fresh water bodies. For the evaluation of the WWTP, it began with a survey of information on the current condition, later measurement of the influent and effluent flows was carried out for 7 days to determine the maximum flow. Also it proceeded a diagnosis of their treatment units. Once the maximum flow was obtained, the samples of water of the treatment plant were taken to send them to a certified laboratory to carry out their respective physical-chemical analysis. In the evaluation of the Treatment Plant, the sizing of each of the units was carried out to compare them with the calculated dimensions, it was found that the Anaerobic Filter does not comply with the sizing according to the standard, the evaluation also contemplates a comparison of the results obtained in the laboratory with the maximum permissible limits of the TULSMA 2015 Standard. It was observed that all the parameters comply. Once all the information has been processed, it is proposed to implement a sand trap and increase the Anaerobic Filter section. To complement the improvement proposal, an operation and maintenance plan was detailed for the optimal performance of the hydraulic structuresItem Experimentación práctica de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la lavadora de autos Octopus ubicada en la av Manuelita Sáenz del cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Villacis Villacis, Edwin Belisario; Pinto Almeida, Carlos Damián; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe present experimental work executes the construction of a wastewater treatment plant, inside “OCTOPUS” car wash located in Manuelita Saenz Avenue. In order to validate the design of the treatment plant, the verification of the flow of the washing machine was carried out, once it has determined that the existing flow is similar to the design flow the construction process started, it was executed in 10 working days. The wastewater treatment phases in operation are: screening, sedimentation, grease trap, grease storage and an unconventional phase which comprises a 3-stage filter, each stage has a different filter material: peat bed, volcanic pyroclast and activated carbon, materials that were selected based on past thesis works and were the most efficient among a group of several filter materials. The operation of this treatment plant will be evaluated through 4 chemical tests to the water, which are: DBO5, DQO, Suspended solids, Oils and fats. The tests are taken with samples taken both at the entrance (influencer) of the PTAR and at the exit of it (effluent). The results obtained in the wastewater treatment plant have an accuracy of 83%, the oils and fats parameter meet the limits established by the TULSMA.Item Experimentación práctica de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la lavadora de autos Octopus ubicada en la av Manuelita Sáenz del cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Pinto Almeida, Carlos Damián; Villacis Villacis, Edwin Belisario; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe present experimental work executes the construction of a wastewater treatment plant, inside “OCTOPUS” car wash located in Manuelita Saenz Avenue. In order to validate the design of the treatment plant, the verification of the flow of the washing machine was carried out, once it has determined that the existing flow is similar to the design flow the construction process started, it was executed in 10 working days. The wastewater treatment phases in operation are: screening, sedimentation, grease trap, grease storage and an unconventional phase which comprises a 3-stage filter, each stage has a different filter material: peat bed, volcanic pyroclast and activated carbon, materials that were selected based on past thesis works and were the most efficient among a group of several filter materials. The operation of this treatment plant will be evaluated through 4 chemical tests to the water, which are: DBO5, DQO, Suspended solids, Oils and fats. The tests are taken with samples taken both at the entrance (influencer) of the PTAR and at the exit of it (effluent). The results obtained in the wastewater treatment plant have an accuracy of 83%, the oils and fats parameter meet the limits established by the TULSMA.