Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.MEDIO AMBIENTE

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    Diseño y construcción de una máquina para producir platos con material biodegradable para el Laboratorio de Materiales de la FICM-UTA
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2023-03) Guamanquispe Salas, Paúl Aníbal; Pardo Domínguez, Alex Fabricio; López Velástegui, Jorge Enrique
    From an environmental protection point of view, it makes sense to stop using singleuse containers made of polluting plastics and start using biodegradable and compostable products. Biodegradable and compostable tableware is much more environmentally friendly compared to disposable plastic tableware. A biodegradable material decomposes much faster than plastic, thus acting as a solution to a major issue today. Technical and technological know-how was provided to design and build a machine to produce dishes with biodegradable material. Research on biodegradable materials and how it can be transformed into a single-use container was carried out. Afterwards, the design was made considering several proposals of other examples and following design parameters, as well as standards related to the subject. The prototype was built and finally the tests were carried out with a proposed raw material, which is based on wheat bran. The biodegradable plates were manufactured by programming the prototype at a temperature in the matrices of 140 degrees Celsius, a pressure of 7 bars and within one minute a biodegradable plate of approximately 70 grams was obtained. Once the biodegradable plate was achieved, some tests were carried out to get an idea of its mechanical properties, especially its resistance to bending.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Urbina centro de la parroquia presidente Urbina, perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Valle Urrutia, Bryan Germán; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The purpose of the study was to determine whether the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the Urbina Centro sector of the Píllaro canton, which is known to have been operating for 8 years, currently meets the expected requirements. For this purpose, a survey of all the existing infrastructure was carried out, as well as the volume of flow both in and out of the plant, and in terms of contamination, the physicochemical parameters such as PH, BOD, COD, Total Dissolved Solids and Total Solids were evaluated. Regarding the unit operation of the plant, the following parameters were identified and evaluated: screening, sand trap, upflow anaerobic filter, upflow anaerobic reactor and sludge drying tank, in order to demonstrate that the plant works efficiently, comparing it with guidelines and design manuals for WWTPs and effluent outflows, which is TULSMA, for discharge into freshwater bodies, design manuals of CONAGUA and OPS. After the field and laboratory research, it was determined that it is not necessary to implement a redesign of the WWTP, all this due to the great efficiency it shows when compared to the standard, however, it was possible to give certain recommendations for the system to operate more efficiently.
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    Diseño de un sistema integrado de gestión de calidad, medio ambiente, seguridad y salud ocupacional en la empresa carrocerías Alme en la provincia de Tungurahua cantón Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-08) Solis Cáceres, Johanna Del Cisne; Castro Miniguano, Byron Christian
    The present technical project was developed in the company ALME located in the province of Tungurahua, canton Ambato, through a study of the current situation of the organization under the observation method, the same that was the guideline for the design of the integrated quality management system, Environment, Occupational safety and health. As a starting point, the requirements of the respective standards used as ISO 9001:2015, ISO 14500:2018 were investigated, in turn under the bibliographic research of the legislation of our country was identified in the legal framework of the respective agencies, so an internal health and hygiene regulation and a waste minimization programmed were developed. In addition, the manual of the integrated system guide was generated that will serve for the implementation of the system under the respective guidelines of the aforementioned standards, where the documented information necessary for this purpose is located and contributing to the development of the company. This project underscores the importance of customer satisfaction or stakeholders in the organization, as well as environmental care and occupational risk prevention.
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    Plan de mantenimiento preventivo para la maquinaria de la empresa Tenería Díaz basada en los lineamientos del decreto 2393 del reglamento de seguridad y salud de los trabajadores y mejoramiento del medio ambiente de trabajo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Tafur Poveda, Luis Felipe; Analuiza Maiza, Oscar Iván
    The purpose of this technical project is the development of a useful and functional tool that helps the company Tenería Díaz, which facilitates order, control and organization through preventive maintenance of the machines involved in the direct process of obtaining leather. , which allowed us to obtain possible failures, defects of the machinery taking preventive measures according to their degree of criticality, thus avoiding possible emergency stoppages of the machines causing economic impacts to the company. It was based on obtaining the technical specifications of the machinery and a current maintenance study carried out on the machines, determining the types of failures that occurred in the components of each of them. Subsequently, a Criticality analysis was carried out, which determined the degree to which each component of the machinery is located, thus taking priority measures when giving a Preventive Maintenance, together with an AMFE analysis with the objective of detailing the components and see their possible failures that cause it to take preventive measures. All the information obtained was unified and a final report was made with the help of a "SOFTWARE". We were able to make the detailed periods of Annual Preventive Maintenance through Ranges and Logs which help us visualize and prioritize the work. Finally, the main authorities of the Tenería Díaz Company were socialized and trained.
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    Elaboración de los procedimientos mecánicos de seguridad, salud y ambiente bajo estandar OHSAS 18001 para disminuir el índice de accidentes y mejorar el ambiente laboral en la empresa ILA S.A. (INDUSTRIAS LICORERAS ASOCIADAS S.A.)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica., 2011) Gancino Ortega, Saúl Vinicio; Córdova Suárez, Manolo Alexander
    El presente trabajo de investigación consiste en la elaboración de los procedimientos de trabajo seguro mecánicos en la empresa ILA S.A., usando como referente la norma OHSAS 18001 4.3.1 y la información técnica de cada área y maquinaria involucrada para disminuir el índice de accidentes y mejorar el ambiente laboral. Se partió de un diagnostico inicial de riesgos para cualificar los factores considerados como intolerables y desarrollar el manual de procedimientos de trabajo mecánico para minimizar los actos y condiciones inseguras que surgen al ejecutar trabajos de alto riesgo sin control. Además se definió una interrelación de los tipos de trabajo si surge una emergencia o parada imprevista y la manera de reacción ante ellos. Luego se formalizó el documento autorizando su ejecución con firma de la máxima autoridad de la empresa ILA S.A. y su ejecución con formatos de listas de chequeo, inspección y tareas críticas definidas para mejora del ambiente laboral.