Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.MATERIAL HÍBRIDO

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    Análisis estadístico con metodología de superficies de respuesta para la optimización de las propiedades mecánicas a tracción, flexión e impacto del material híbrido de matriz epóxica, reforzada con fibra de vidrio y abacá
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-10) Cunalata Caiza, César Marcelo; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    In the present experimental work, the analysis of the mechanical properties of the hybrid composite material was carried out, which is reinforced by natural abaca fibers arranged in a flat weave and fiberglass in a thermostable epoxy resin polymer matrix This material was vacuum molded and subsequently subjected to a CO2 laser cut. In the work, a Response Surface Methodology MSR with a Box-Behnken design is proposed which establishes that the minimum of input factors to consider is three and for each factor three levels, which are: Orientation of the tissue of natural fiber: 0, 45, 90 sexagesimal degrees, Fiberglass thickness: 0, 1, 2 mm, and the Curing temperature: 20, 50, 80 degrees Celsius, With this configuration, the design suggests a specific number of treatments with different configurations of factors and levels, from which data will be obtained after the execution of the destructive tests, data that will be validated with the fulfillment of parametric assumptions, thus guaranteeing high reliability throughout the statistical analysis process, consequently the variability ANOVA of the data provided by the MSR design was examined, specifying the significant effects and their incidence on the mechanical properties, later the analysis is complemented with the optimization of each mechanical property analyzed through the desirability function. The results of this investigation determined that the optimal configuration of the factors to take advantage of the mechanical properties is: Orientation of the natural fiber 0 degrees, Thickness of fiberglass 0.76 mm and a Curing temperature of 42.42 degrees Celsius, the regression model of the MSR design explains up to 96,69 per cent the variability of the properties, with an Overall Desirability value of 0,7931.
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    Obtención de un nuevo material híbrido de matriz polimérica de resina poliéster y fibra natural de cabuya, reforzada con fibra de carbono para su aplicación en la industria automotriz
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Diseño, 2019) Ramos Guaillaguaman, Diego Geovanny; Espín Guerrero, Víctor Rodrigo
    The research is based on obtaining a new hybrid material for application in the automotive industry, the determination of the orientation and proportion of the elements of the new hybrid material was obtained by means of forming methods and techniques that are currently being executed in the sector. Conducted research in the field of bus parts production, 95 percentage of the companies carried out using the manual stratification method and 5 percentage with other methods. The configuration establishes the direction of the fibers of cabuya and carbon, material of contribution, number of layers and approximate thickness, where the orientation is longitudinal at 0 grades and transversal at 90 grades. The results obtained in the calculation of the volumetric fractions are estimated values to have a base at the time of making the specimens, without having several aspects such as: losses of polyester resin during the process of preparation and application in the mold. Once the tensile, flexural and impact tests were performed, the best combination was obtained being the carbon fiber material, but the study analyzed is made of hybrid material, so the best result of hybrid materials is configuration four with a volumetric fraction of 40 percentage reinforcement woven cabochon fiber and 50 percentage woven carbon fiber, with the following mechanical properties, in traction: maximum stress of 60.4 Mpa and elastic modulus of 1889.11 Mpa, in flexion with a maximum effort 87.82 Mpa and flexural modulus of 4104.05 Mpa and in impact with a resistance to the impact of 6.71 J. To validate the results of the tensile and flexural tests carried out in the treasury, simulation of finite elements was used, obtaining a percentage of error of 12.68 percentage in the maximum tensile test effort and 0.18 percentage in the maximum effort of the flexural test, being within the acceptable range that is 10 to 15 percentage.
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    Análisis estadístico de las propiedades mecánicas a tracción, flexión e impacto del material híbrido con fibra de vidrio y abacá en matriz polimérica de resina poliéster, para determinar la mejor configuración
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Erazo Sánchez, Henry David; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
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    Caracterización mecánica del material híbrido de matriz epóxica reforzada con fibra de vidrio y tejido de fibras naturales de caña guadua y algodón para la determinación de propiedades mecánicas en aplicaciones industriales
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2018) Mazón Ortiz, Pablo Daniel; Vaca Ortega, Wilson Henry
    The present experimental work was carried out to look for new reinforcement alternatives in composite materials, reducing the dependence on synthetic fibers as well as some derivatives of fossil fuels, looking for new alternatives in vegetable fibers. In this research, the results of the mechanical characterization of the composite material of epoxy matrix reinforced with fiberglass and natural fiber fabric of bamboo and cotton will be exposed, the specimens were manufactured according to specifications of the standards (ASTM D-3039) for traction, (ASTM D-7264) for bending and the standard (ASTM D-5628) for impact. The fiber was extracted manually and reduced in several stages until obtaining the desired fibers, the cotton was acquired in the Rosario Salasaca where the bamboo and cotton fabric was also made, once obtained the epoxy resin and the fabric, it was cut the flat fabric at 0º, 45º and 135º depending on the combination to be made. The type of stratification used was vacuum, so the test pieces were manufactured in CIDFAE. The combination with the best results was a matrix of epoxy resin reinforced with a layer of fiberglass and two layers of natural fiber fabric of bamboo and cotton with an orientation of 0° oven-cured and vacuum laminated, resulted in maximum tensile stress 131,654MPa, maximum flexural stress 128,541 MPa and resistance to impact 6,01 J this combination was chosen to fulfill a goal aimed at the reduction of synthetic fibers.
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    Caracterización de las propiedades mecánicas del material híbrido utilizando matriz epóxica reforzada con tejido de fibra vegetal de algodón y fibra natural de abacá
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Benavides Salinas, Geovanny Santiago; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    This experimental research is based on the characterization of the hybrid material of epoxy matrix reinforced with layers of structured woven of abaca fibers and cotton in different orientations and with varied volumetric fractions, the purpose of the study is to obtain the best characterization of the material containing the best mechanical properties. In this work the stratification process was used for compression to obtain the hybrid material, it was to establish the definitive percentage volumetric fractions of reinforcements, material thickness and number of layers of reinforcement of woven. Of all the characterizations made determined group of specimens that exhibits the best mechanical properties tests standardized under the ASTM standards. (ASTM D3039-00 traction, flexion ASTM D7264-07 and impact ASTM D5628-10). The analysis of three types of trials determined that the hybrid material presented better mechanical properties corresponds to the case 3 which has a volumetric fraction of 75% resin Epoxy (matrix), 18.25% abaca fiber and 6.75 percent cotton (reinforcements).
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    Caracterización mecánica y numérica del material híbrido de matriz epoxi reforzada con tejido plano de fibra vegetal (algodón) y fibra natural (fibra de cabuya)
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Pacha Guashco, Segundo Santiago; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    The experimental work was based on the mechanical characterization of the hybrid matrix material of reinforced epoxy resin with layers of flat tissue between the fibers of cotton and fiber of cabuya with different orientations and different volumetric fractions, the study arose because at the present time the engineering of Materials presents great benefits for the technological and scientific development, which allowed to establish study of new materials with equal or better mechanical properties of the traditional materials that are used in the industry, and in this way replace the usual materials with new materials with the advantages In the weight and cost, with the group of specimens with better mechanical tensile characteristics was carried out a simulation by the method of finite elements using a software the same that was validated with real test and the percentage of error that existed between the results Obtained. The tests were performed under standards (traction-ASTM D3039, flexion-ASTM D 7264 impact-ASTM D5628) in this way was established the group of specimens with better mechanical properties of the cases studied. With the data of the real test and the corresponding analyzes, the material with better mechanical properties was established when subjected to the tests of tensile, flexion and impact was case 1 and case 2, case 1 conformed of 75% of epoxy resin as Matrix, as reinforcements 3 layers of flat tissue between the cotton fibers with the amount of 7.50% in angle of 90 ° and the fiber of cabuya with 17.50% in angle of 0 ° while the case 2 conformed of 70% Of epoxy resin as a matrix, as reinforcement 3 layers of flat tissue between the cotton fibers with the amount 7.50% in angle of 90 ° and the fiber of cabuya with 22.50% in angle of 0 °, the stratification of all the Specimens was compressed.
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    Estudio de polímeros híbridos estratificados de matríz epóxica reforzada con tejido mixto elaborado con fibras de carbono y kevlar y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas de partes externas de autos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2014-06) Núñez Barriga, Ludwin Daniel; López Villacís, Gonzalo Eduardo
    Los materiales compuestos son de gran importancia en la elaboración de diferentes elementos en muchos campos industriales, es por esto que se consideró como necesaria la investigación de un material híbrido elaborado a partir de fibra de carbono combinada con kevlar dentro de una matriz de resina epóxica que fue fabricado mediante un proceso especifico de obtención de materiales compuestos. En el desarrollo del estudio el nuevo material fue sometido a tres diferentes ensayos, específicamente a tracción flexión e impacto; que fueron necesarios para determinar propiedades del material requeridas en partes externas de autos; obteniendo como resultado altos valores de resistencia en cada una de las pruebas. Dentro de la investigación se realiza un análisis computacional para validar resultados, además se tiene como propuesta la elaboración de un componente de carrocería que cumpla con las necesidades del elemento, las mismas que cubre el material objeto de estudio. Por otra parte también se establece un proceso detallado para la elaboración de materiales compuestos con fibras sintéticas.
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    Estudio de polímeros híbridos estratificados de matriz poliester reforzada con fibra de vidrio y cabuya como material alternativo y su incidencia en las propiedades mecánicas en guardachoques para buses
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Diseño Mecánico, 2012) Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto; Córdova Suárez, Manolo Alexander
    La investigación se basa en la caracterización mecánica del material compuesto con el que actualmente se fabrican los guardachoques de buses y determinar sus propiedades mecánicas a Tracción, Flexión e Impacto para determinar los parámetros de evaluación de la caracterización del material híbrido propuesto, estratificado a compresión y en función de las configuraciones y fracciones volumétricas ensayadas. De la caracterización y análisis de los ensayos se determinó que los Materiales de configuración Fibra Corta (FCo 1 - 30%) y Fibra Larga (FL 30%) tuvieron mejor comportamiento mecánico a Flexión e Impacto; sin embargo el material hibrido de configuración Fibra Larga al 30% y en un orden de capas (FV+FC+FV) se determinó como potencial refuerzo del material hibrido alternativo por presentar mejores propiedades a Tracción, realizando al final un procedimiento para la aplicación de este en la fabricación de guardachoques para buses.