Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/898

Browse

Filters

2020 - 20235

Settings

Subject: search.filters.subject.ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Análisis comparativo de las propiedades mecánicas de mezclas asfálticas con la adición de material PET (polietileno tereftalato), la adición de caucho de nitrilo y pavimento asfáltico tradicional para el mantenimiento vial en grietas longitudinales y transversales
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-07) Herrera Moya, Priscila Monserrath; Frías Torres, Alex Xavier
    Currently worldwide environmental pollution has been increasing due to poor waste management, one of the main pollutants are polymers found in materials such as plastics and rubber. In this work, the conventional asphalt mix was modified with the implementation of non-biodegradable recycled material, improving some of the mechanical properties of asphalt, so as to promote the reuse of commonly consumed materials. Conventional asphalt briquettes and asphalt modified with PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) recycled material and modified with Nitrile Rubber were made in order to analyze their mechanical properties and performance compared to conventional asphalt mixtures, giving these materials a new use. . The behavior of a modified asphalt mixture with the addition of 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent of PET was analyzed, in addition to one modified with 2, 3, 4 and 5 percent of Nitrile Rubber for which ASTM D 1559 and AASHTO T 225; 36 samples were prepared, of which 12 correspond to conventional asphalt mixtures and 24 to modified mixtures, once analyzed the optimum percentage of asphalt and polymer was established, finally through a comparative analysis of the results it was determined that the addition of these materials Several parameters of the asphalt mix improve compared to the conventional one, thus being the sample added with nitrile rubber the best option.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Diseño por capacidad partiendo de un análisis comparativo entre el método modal espectral y el método tiempo historia con el uso de acelerogramas sintéticos y la Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción 2015; de un edificio de 9 pisos en estructura metálica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-09) Cevallos Cabrera, Jorge Washington; Medina Robalino, Wilson Santiago
    National and international regulations are being updated based on the lessons learned from seismic events; having buildings designed in some cases with regulations that were not very demanding in the dynamic part and in other cases built without any technical procedure; it is necessary to improve the analysis of the behavior of the structure subjected to lateral forces produced by earthquakes in a controlled manner, leading to a theoretical collapse of the structure. This variation is achieved by progressively increasing the amplitudes of the accelerograms used as dynamic excitation. In this work, this numerical procedure for the evaluation of the seismic behavior of structures is applied in order to evaluate the values of the behavior factor postulated in the Ecuadorian Standard for the seismic-resistant design of special steel moment-resisting frames. However, due to the non-linear behavior of the soil, the solution is limited to a set of activities inherent to the correct structural modeling and use of properly filtered seismic records. Regarding the generation of synthetic accelerograms, they must be adjusted to an objective spectrum involving the non-linear behavior of the soil; although it is true that spectral adjustments in the time domain, due to the existence of public domain software, are relatively simple procedures to execute, it is necessary to have a wide knowledge in this type of procedure. In the process of verifying the compatibility of the responses of the vibration period of the structure by placing it as a percentage of the distance and moving the center of masses according to the Ecuadorian standard, it was evidenced that the period of the structures does not affect, due to the fact that the static eccentricity between the center of masses and the center of stiffness can increase more or less; being noticeable the more irregular the structure. By scaling the accelerograms with the response spectrum provided by the NEC; to make synthetic accelerograms, the pseudo-spectral acceleration tends to be similar to the acceleration of the target spectrum, so it could be more productive to work with accelerograms of low magnitude earthquakes, being indispensable to take into consideration the parameters of focal depth, type of fault, soil conditions, etc. For capacity analysis, it is possible to choose only the structural elements that could have some suspicion of failure, concentrating all our effort in solving these elements; it should be clear that the design by capacity does not provide design data, the results obtained serve to analyze the possible complications that could occur in the structure during a seismic movement; it is important to emphasize that they are not totally real data, taking into account that an earthquake has many variables that are not taken into account during the nonlinear analysis.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Análisis comparativo de una estructura habitacional con diagonales excéntricas y una estructura sin diagonales excéntricas, ante una solicitación sísmica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-09) Salazar Gamboa, Alvaro Napoleón; Frías Torres, Alex Xavier
    The main objective of this research work was the comparative analysis of a housing structure under seismic stress, taking as a reference point the urban area of Ambato, capital city of the province of Tungurahua, where the building under study is located. A specialized software was used for the modeling and design of the structure, as well as the guidelines of the Ecuadorian construction standard NEC-SE-DS 2015 and ANSI/AISC 360 and 341, respectively. The results obtained were satisfactory with respect to drifts and deflections, according to the configuration in columns, beams and diagonals it was not necessary to redesign the sections of the structural elements. Regarding the analysis, it should be noted that both the structure without eccentric braced frame and the structure with eccentric braced frame obtained an adequate behavior, with drifts of less than 2 percent that comply with the stipulations of the standard, but a notable difference was evidenced in the sections of both columns and beams, obtaining a 45.88 percent reduction in the weight of the structural elements. In the structure with eccentric braced frame, the drifts were maintained within the established limits for this typology according to the NEC with the inclusion of some diagonals, which helped to improve the behavior, reducing considerably the different sections of the structural elements, thus lightening the structure, achieving a balance and avoiding torsional effects in the floor plan, as well as allowing compliance with the maximum floor drifts that limit seismic damage. It was concluded that the structure with eccentric braced frame presents a better lateral resistance to the action of an earthquake due to the addition of the diagonals, which are responsible for redistributing the lateral forces within the building, lightening the structure and considerably reducing the weight of the elements and the consumption of materials.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Análisis comparativo entre la humedad gravimétrica y la humedad determinada con sensores electrónicos en suelos granulares del cantón Ambato. Provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-03) Martínez Inca, Marco Israel; Portilla Yandún, Favio Paúl
    Through time within the construction of different civil works, water has played a very significative role due to its importance within the branches of Civil Engineering (hydraulic, soil mechanics and structures) based on this, different standards and techniques are established depending on the use or the way in which this very important resource will be used. In the present experimental work, water was analyzed as a component in soil, implementing the alternative model to determine the humidity content of soil granules within the Ambato Canton, by means of applying electronic resistance and capacitive sensors, correlated to the reliable information obtained by means of soil normed tests. (Norms ASSHTO y CFE 10000-73). Once the results raised in the field were tabulated, comparisons were realized with the help of the program Excel, obtaining simple and multiple correlations to estimate coefficients corelated, classifying the qualitive and quantitative tests (from regular to excellent) detailing that the electronic sensors give optimum behavior (above 90 percent), those in the evaluation of the humidity content in the Proctor tests from 15 of the samples taken from the parishes in the Ambato Canton. This analysis permits obtaining the values of the humidity content of the site, limiting the time to obtain the results very similar to the values of the standard tests, its use is recommended to carry out the previous soil sample studies, with a low cost and excellent workability.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Análisis comparativo del uso de escoria de siderurgia para la estabilización de suelo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020) Tirado Gutiérrez, Cynthia Elizabeth; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam Marisol
    The present experimental project aims to stabilize different types of soil of different properties by adding steel slag. Sample # 1 sandy silt soil was subtracted from the Pilisurco province of Tungurahua, sample # 2 clay soil was subtracted from the parish Murialdo province of Pastaza, sample # 3 steel slag was stolen from Canton Ambato. Once the sample and the place were identified, samples were taken from each type of soil. The necessary tests were carried out to establish the type, property and characteristics of each soil. A granulometric analysis and test for the determination of the Atterberg limits were performed to identify the type of soil according to the tables established by the Unified Soil Classification System (SUCS). The Type D Modified Proctor test was run to determine the CBR soil support capacity (California Support Ratio) which gives results of each sample tested as the maximum dry density and the optimum humidity for them to proceed with the CBR test. These tests were carried out with the soil combination plus three percentages 8, 10 and 35% of steel slag. These samples were submerged in water for three days to analyze the sponge generated by each type of soil with the combination with steel slag. For this comparative analysis, the properties and characteristics of the samples were evaluated, such as their moisture content, plasticity and support capacity, which were statistically analyzed with different combinations, resulting in an ideal alternative in which the steel slag It can be used to improve soil properties and its use as a subgrade.