Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.ACERO A36

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    Caracterización de elementos estructurales de acero que hayan sido expuestos a diferentes tiempos y temperaturas debido a un incendio
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-03) Guamanquispe Vaca, Fernanda Patricia; Espín Lagos, Segundo Manuel
    In the present investigative work, different structural elements such as columns, beams and steel straps ASTM A 36 exposed to flagella were characterized, considering different times and temperatures of exposure; For the experimental part, the conditions were simulated by using a conventional furnace in which several samples of steel and combustible material were placed, trying to simulate a real scourge, after which samples were taken at temperatures of 600, 800 and 1000 degrees celsius and exposure times of 30, 45 and 60 minutes, to which hardness and macroscopy tests were carried out in the materials laboratory of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering and to be able to determine the mechanical properties of the material subjected under these conditions and compare them with those of the unexposed material; By means of the hardness it was possible to determine the ultimate resistance of the material and from the percentages of Ferrite and Perlite it was also verified that the ultimate resistance toxvi traction increased by 9-10 percentage since the samples were cooled by means of a cold water jet, a condition that occurs when a fire is extinguished; Although it is true that the mechanical properties of the specimens did not vary significantly, from the bibliographic review it was possible to determine that in real time of the flagellum, the resistance to creep decreases in inverse proportion with the temperature, so it is possible that the structure collapses. At that time, from the aforementioned, it can also be said that if the structure does not collapse during the fire and is still standing and without deformations in the structure, it can continue to provide service; Finally, after the analysis, it was possible to conclude that the mechanical properties of the structural steel elements at the time of the fire depend on the time and temperature of its exposure.
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    Diseño y construcción del sistema mecánico para el ensayo de doblado guiado en juntas soldadas para los laboratorios de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2020-10) Abad Sarango, Edgar Patricio; Analuiza Maiza, Oscar Iván
    For the elaboration of this technical project, the bibliographic information was compiled from various sources, with this information the first design proposal was made based on the ASTM E190 standard and the AWS B4.0 standard, after several corrections it was obtained a final design, later the design was drawn in software to verify its resistance in the loads and stresses to which it was to be subjected, to obtain a satisfactory result, this project was built with 2 types of materials: A36 steel for its machinability and accessibility in the market and also with 304L stainless steel (UNS S30400) that has a high corrosive resistance, in addition a test procedure and a laboratory guide were carried out, once the construction of the mechanical system was completed, it was installed in the 30-ton hydraulic press that is in the welding laboratory, the operation of all its elements was verified, finally several tests were carried out at different thicknesses with the respective pistons and in compliance with all the procedures dictated by the ASTM E190 standard and the AWS B4.0 standard, after this the tests carried out show reliable results, in this way the proposal prepared has met the requirements of the issue raised.
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    Estudio del comportamiento del acero A36 mediante ensayos de tracción para determinar fallas en elementos estructurales, mediante la norma ASTM E-8
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica., 2012) Guzhñay Miranda, Fernando Mesias; López Villacís, Gonzalo Eduardo
    El presente proyecto de investigación está orientado en proporcionar a los estudiantes de la Carrera de Mecánica de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, una idea acerca del tipo de fallas que pueden ocurrir en elementos sometidos a tensión y del comportamiento del acero estructural A36 en dicha condición. Para lo cual se tuvo que construir una máquina la que ayudará al estudiante a familiarizarse con las propiedades mecánicas de los diferentes tipos de acero, además podrán realizar ensayos de tensión que les permitirá tomar una mejor decisión al momento de seleccionar materiales, y dictaminar criterios razonables acerca del tipo de fallas que ocurren más frecuentemente en el acero antes mencionado. El estudio se basó en la realización de 34 ensayos de tensión en probetas normalizadas de tipo cilíndricas y de tipo rectangular, estipulado en la norma ASTM E-8, mediante los cuales se pudo ir observando el comportamiento del acero al ser sometido a fuerzas de tensión. Para obtener una mejor visualización tanto de la deformación de las probetas, así como también de las tres zonas características de la curva esfuerzo-deformación, la velocidad a la que se debe realizar el ensayo debe ser baja. Los resultados obtenidos tanto de ensayos de tensión así como de ensayos metalográfico fueron comparados con valores obtenidos en catálogos y gráficas obtenidos de empresas y los tabulados en libros, llegando a la conclusión, que los valores obtenidos prácticamente se encuentran en los rangos de valores aceptables.