Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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End date: 2019Subject: search.filters.subject.SUELOS

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    Implementación del proceso de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Montalvo Cevallos en el tramo KM 2+400 al KM 5+800 de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2019) Otañez Molina, Alex Javier; Moreira Cedeño, Fricson Lutgardo
    The objective of the research project is to implement a road conservation management system related to the pavement structure of the Montalvo - Cevallos in the section Km 2 + 400 to Km 5 + 800, since there is evidence of deterioration of the rolling, that is to say, the existence of a management system that would provide safety for road users is not reflected. For the evaluation of the pavement structure the method of the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) was used by means of a visual inspection, determining the values according to the type of failure presented at the asphalt folder level with a High, Medium and Low severity allowing to know the current state of the road, later using the non-destructive Benkelman Beam Test (deflections), the plan for reinforcing the pavement structure was developed, since it allows us to obtain real data on the behavior of the layers that make up the pavement structure. are: Base, Sub-Base, Subgrade. To compare the data, samples were extracted from each of the layers and used for laboratory analysis using Granulometry, Consistency Limits, Modified Proctor Density and CBR Compaction tests, resulting in the mechanical characteristics of the materials that make up the material. the structure of the pavement. By means of the traffic count, the equivalent axes were determined to be used for a later pavement design analysis and allowing to reach a reinforcement of the structure of the Montalvo - Cevallos road in the Abscissa K2 + 400 to K 5 + 800.
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    Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras de Ambato, de las parroquias Celiano Monge y Huachi Loreto ubicado entre las calles Av. los Chasquis, Av. Pichincha, Av. Quis Quis y calle Oriente
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Toapanta Azogue, Edisson Paúl; Medina Robalino, Christian David
    The objective of this experimental work is to evaluate the behavior of the soil of a specific region of the urban area of the city of Ambato in the presence of a seismic event through a deterministic seismic hazard analysis applied in said area. To carry out this analysis the following aspects were taken into consideration: The tectonic regime was characterized through the identification of geological faults near our study area, then Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) were carried out in five points distributed in our study region in order to analyze the type of soil in that area, to later calculate the cutting wave velocity (Vs30). Once all these data were obtained, they were used in 6 soil motion prediction equations provided by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering thus obtaining acceleration spectra, with these spectra a deterministic enveloping spectrum of the site was formed. The envelope of the deterministic spectrum was compared with the spectrum obtained by the Ecuadorian Construction Standard. With the two spectra obtained and through the help of the use of the ETABS program, it allowed us to evaluate and analyze the seismic behavior of three type structures that are within our study area. From this study, the following result was obtained: that in most periods of a structure, the spectrum obtained by the NEC-2015 provides greater accelerations with the exception of a range of periods between 0.25 and 0.44 sec, where the acceleration of the The deterministic spectrum is greater.
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    Estudio de peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras del sector el Recreo de la parroquia Huachi Loreto de la ciudad de Ambato provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Oviedo Villacís, Alexander Marcelo; Medina Robalino, Christian David
    In this project the period of vibration of the structures of the El Recreo sector of the Huachi Loreto Parish was investigated, after the Bellavista Stadium, Ambato, taking into account an acceleration (Sa) taken from the study and compared with that imposed in the NEC- 15. In the last 460 years, Ecuador has gone through a long history of disasters due to seismic activity. For this reason, this project carries out a study in order to gain an in-depth knowledge of the seismic properties of the soils on which the structures in the area are cemented study. This process was carried out by means of an SPT study in the study sector, with this the stratigraphy of the place and the type of soil it possesses were obtained, all this to obtain the cutting wave velocity, in addition the tectonic faults were selected that could possibly affect to the structures near the studio. Thanks to the attenuation equations, it was possible to obtain a response spectrum specific to the sector that encompasses all the possibilities of seismic response that the ground can give according to the selected tectonic regimes. With all this, a comparison has been made between the specific spectrum found in the El Recreo sector and the spectrum stipulated by the NEC2015 Standard in force to date.
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    Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras de Ambato, parroquia La Matriz ubicado entre las calles Barcelona, av. Manuelita Sáenz, Av. Miraflores, Olmedo, Av. Pedro Fermín Cevallos, Yahuira, Av. Atahualpa, Antonio Clavijo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Reyes Caguana, Edisson Enrique; Medina Robalino, Christian David
    In this experimental work has the objective of analyzing the existing seismic hazard in a certain sector of Ambato city, through a deterministic analysis calculating a specific spectrum own to the sector, in order to make a comparison between the response spectrum of the NEC – 15, and analyze the behavior of the structures. The SPT Standard Penetration Test was applied to 5 strategically well distributed points within the study area, in order to know the existing soil type, with the results the cutting wave velocity Vs30 was determinated, were taken five faults near the area and through Wells – Coppersmith the Moment Magnitude Mw was determinated for each fault, results were used in the Raised Soil Motion Prediction Equations, getting spectra of acceleration, and forming an envelope of all these a specific spectrum was obtained that has maximum accelerations, which will be compared with the spectrum NEC – 15. The envelope is used in the analysis of the type structures selected from the area, and with the support of structural analysis and design software such as (ETABS) it was possible to evaluate the behavior of each of the selected structures before a seismic event.
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    Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras del sector La Joya de la parroquia Huachi Chico, de la ciudad de Ambato provincia Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Jiménez Sisa, Evelyn Gabriela; Maldonado Narvaez, Lenín Rafael
    The research project began with the calculation of the vibration period of 3 structures located in the study site, each one with a different number of storey in the low, medium and high range, which corresponds to an acceleration of gravity Sa (g), taken from the specific spectrum calculated, to compare it with the acceleration spectrum of the NEC-2015 standard and verify the structural behavior of each selected structure. For this process the following steps were taken: the tectonic regime based on the study area was established, all seismic sources or geological faults that affect the study area and can cause significant seismic movements were selected and identified, through the penetration test standard soil samples were obtained from 5 strategic points of the study area that help us to know the soil type of the same, also Nspt was obtained to calculate the average speed of the shear wave approximated Vs30 for the type of profile, Based on the distance between the geological fault and the study area, the magnitude of moment for each geological fault is calculated, by means of parameters such as distance to the epicenter, focal depth, attenuation equations were used obtaining the acceleration spectra, by means of a envelope of all acceleration spectra a specific spectrum is obtained which is formed by the acceleration maximum rations which is compared with the spectrum of the NEC 2015 nom. The accelerations given by the specific spectrum for buildings that have structural periods between 0.10sec - 0.40sec are greater than those obtained according to the NEC-15.
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    Metodología para efectuar ensayos de adherencia en barras de anclaje empleadas para la estabilización de taludes en suelos no cohesivos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Sancho Solano, Mónica Paola; Moya Medina, Dilon Germán
    For the execution of the project, first of all, a documentary - bibliographic investigation has been carried out, where the regulations that regulate the execution of the test and the technical specifications with which the equipment was assembled have been found, in such a way that truthful results are obtained on the Anchor status. The calibration of the equipment was carried out, testing anchors in a test bench, which helped to identify all the variables that would be presented during the test, a process that contributed significantly in the elaboration of the methodology, in which the procedure is detailed from the calculation that is made to determine the load with which the operation of the anchor must be evaluated by measuring its adherence, and also describes the way in which the equipment and all its components must be installed and operated. Finally, through the installation of 6 anchor bolts in a sector of the Lateral Passage of Ambato that has layers of non-cohesive soils, it has been possible to verify the proper functioning of the equipment when carrying out the corresponding tests. When there are several areas where slope stabilization has been done with the use of anchor bolts, with the present project we want to provide for the verification of their optimal functioning and to make available a manual tool to control future work run in the locality.
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    Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras del sector la Letamendi, parroquia Huachi Loreto, cantón Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Real Ronquillo, Edison Gabriel; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos Patricio
    In the present research project, the vibration period was calculated for three representative structures located within the study area to check their structural behavior and then make a comparison of results generated with the site specific spectrum and the NEC 2015 spectrum. For this process, a procedure was carried out that took geotectonic and seismic parameters such as: establishing the tectonic regime based on the area of influence, selecting the most relevant and important geological faults that affect the analysis sector such as: Falla Huachi, Falla Ambato, Falla Totoras, Falla Samanga and Subduction Failure. With the performance of the standard penetration test (SPT) the average shear wave velocity (Vs) was calculated by using empirical correlations based on the penetration resistance (N). The moment magnitude (Mw) for each selected fault was calculated based on Wells & Coppersmith's investigations for cortical regime and Strasser, Arango & Bommer for subduction regime taking into account the fault rupture length parameter. The closest distance to the surface projection (Rjb) for each
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    Estudio de peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras de Ambato, parroquia Huachi Chico ubicado entre las calles Gustavo Lemos Ramírez, Av. Atahualpa, Av. Miguel de Cervantes y Av. Manuelita Sáenz
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Benavides Urrutia, Lenin Paúl; Maldonado Narvaez, Lenín Rafael
    The purpose of this experimental work is to evaluate the existing seismic hazard in a area of Ambato city through a deterministic analysis applied to it. It was carry out the Standard Penetration Test (SPT), it was applied in 5 points of the sector, base on this test it was possible to determine the type of soil existing in the area, which was used to calculate the wave speed of shear Vs30, in addition, were analyzed 5 faults close to the study sector, and the Wells-Coppersmith methodology was used to determined the Moment Magnitude Mw for each failure, these data were used in the 6 grounds motion prediction equations obtaining acceleration spectra, by means of an envelope of all the spectra obtains a specific spectrum of maximum acceleration which is compared the spectrum of the NEC – 2015. This envelope was also used in the analysis of three structures type of the sector through a program of analysis and structural design (ETABS), which allowed to evaluate and analyze their behavior before a seismic event.
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    Estudio del peligro sísmico determinista para las estructuras de Ambato sector Huachi Chico barrio La Victoria
    (2018) Vega Tocumbe, Joaquín; Ureña Aguirre, Maritza Elizabeth
    In this research work, a specific spectrum was calculated for the "La Victoria" sector through a deterministic analysis, and the response spectrum was calculated in accordance with the requirements of the NEC-15 in order to differentiate the behavior of the structures with each one of the spectrums. For the deterministic analysis the following steps were followed: a study of this type was carried out in the SPT test in five strategic points within the study area with these results as the number of blows the speed of the Vs30 wave could be calculated, it was identified the faults near the study area that served to calculate the magnitude of the moment of each one. The data obtained is used in the attenuation equations to generate a spectrum for each type of fault and with the different proposals of equations. Afterwards, an envelope was created where the maximum accelerations were collected in each period of the specific spectra, this envelope is compared with the spectrum of the NEC-15, resulting in a specific spectrum much lower in relation to the spectrum of the standard. The maximum acceleration in the specific spectrum by the deterministic method was 1.07 in a period of 0.3 seconds which is less than a maximum acceleration of 1.19 in a period of 0.15 to 0.55 seconds per of the requirements of the NEC-2015. Subsequently, a structural analysis was carried out for three structures that are three, two and one plant, within the study area. The Etabs 16.0.0 software is used for greater precision in the results where a static and dynamic analysis was performed with the spectrum of the NEC-15 and with the spectrum generated by the deterministic method. Finally, results were obtained such as the period of vibration, statics story drifts, mass accumulation, story shear and dynamic story drifts.