Ciencias de la Salud
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Item MODELO DE OREM APLICADO A NIÑOS CON PARASITOSIS DE LA UNIDAD EDUCATIVA FRANCISCO FLOR(2025-06-17) Gómez Valencia, María José; Fernández Nieto, Miriam Ivonne; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaParasitosis is an infection that affects the small and large intestine. It is a public health problem that significantly affects the child population, especially in groups with poor hygiene conditions and limited access to health services. In Ecuador, this condition is particularly prevalent among preschool and school-aged children, which negatively impacts their physical and cognitive development. The high incidence of parasitosis in vulnerable areas, where the practice of good hygiene habits and neglect of their parents are the main cause of it, highlights the need to establish effective intervention strategies that not only address treatment, but also education for the prevention of this disease. The Dorothea Orem Self-Care Model is widely valued in nursing practice. It provides a solid theoretical framework that promotes the improvement of health care by developing the capacity for self-care in individuals. This model places particular emphasis on education and the promotion of healthy habits, considering them essential for the prevention and control of diseases such as parasitosis. This research focuses on the application of the Orem Model in children from the Francisco Flor Educational Unit, located in the parish of Huachi Chico, Ambato canton. Through this study, we seek to compare self-care practices in relation to hygiene measures, analyzing their effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of parasitosis in this vulnerable group. In addition, we aim to establish specific guidelines to improve health education and the active participation of children in their own care, thus contributing to improving their quality of life.Item Parasitosis y su relación con anemia y desnutrición en niños de 5 a 9 años de la parroquia Pilahín del cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-01) Armendariz Freire, Santiago Javier; Pacha Jara, Ana Gabriela Bqf. Mg.Worldwide, intestinal parasitosis is a public health problem that mainly affects school children. Several studies have been carried out on this pathology with the aim of relating it to the development of other diseases such as malnutrition and anemia. The present study aims to determine parasitosis and its relationship with anemia and malnutrition in children aged 5 to 9 years in the Pilahuín parish of the Ambato canton. The sample consisted of 100 children who decided to participate in the study and provided the respective bloo d samples for the measurement of hemoglobin concentration and feces for the identification of intestinal parasites by direct observation in fresh and Faust flotation technique with the use of Zinc Sulfate, additionally anthropometric measurements were taken and information was collected through the application of surveys to assess the social conditions in which children live. It was evidenced that 80% of the population presented parasitosis, of which 61.25% presented polyparasitosis, 72.50% were pathogenic parasites and a predominance of protozoa was observed in 96.5% with Blastocystis sp, Entamoeba coli cyst and Endolimax nana cyst as the parasites with the highest predom inance in this populationItem Obstrucción intestinal por áscaris lumbricoides en pacientes pediátricos, revisión de dos casos clínicos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2022-11) Sucuzhañay Once, Adriana Marianela; Cadena, Juan CarlosIntroduction: Infections by parasites represent a global health problem, being the most common parasitosis caused by Ascaris Lumbricoides with a special focus on people who live in places with poor sanitary conditions or people who live in overcrowding as evidenced in rural areas of our country and its massive invasion can cause very serious consequences such as intestinal obstruction and lead to serious consequences especially in pediatric patients due to the small size of their organs and the dimensions that these parasites reach in their adult form. Objective: To describe the risk factors, clinical symptoms and results of paraclinical studies of two clinical cases that presented intestinal obstruction due to Ascaris Lumbricoides infection in pediatric patients. Materials and methods: For the preparation of this work, information was collected and an analysis of the clinical cases was carried out, both of the data obtained and the actions taken by the medical personnel in relation to the adequate and updated information found in the database. of data. Results: Information was obtained from two clinical cases of pediatric patients during the year 2021 who presented with intestinal obstruction secondary to massive invasion by ascaris lumbricoides with similar symptoms with criteria of acute abdomen, for which exploratory laparotomy was decided as a diagnostic and therapeutic method. . Conclusions: Intestinal obstruction due to ascariasis in pediatric patients is rare and its symptoms are not conclusive, therefore the importance of taking into account risk factors such as the place where it comes from and the sanitary conditions in which they live, for the diagnosis and timely treatment in order to avoid complications with a high risk of mortality such as intestinal obstruction, it is always important in patients with predisposing factors, preventive measures (hand hygiene, food sanitation, access to drinking water, etc.) still above even the prophylactic onesItem “Modelo educativo para prevenir parasitosis intestinal en los adolescentes de octavo, noveno y décimo año de la escuela de educación básica manuela espejo de la ciudad de Ambato”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermeria, 2019-10-01) Pacha Orozco, Mayra Alexandra; López López, Paola Catalina Bqf. MgParasitic diseases take a high place in Third World countries. They are responsible for debilitating, serious, chronic and sometimes mortal diseases. They can predispose to other diseases and they contribute to the decrease of the physical and mental capacity of the individual, compromising their productivity. They are important not only from a medical perspective, but also from social and economic one; they also represent an important factor for underdevelopment.(1) For this reason, this study was carried out with the aim of “Designing an education model to prevent intestinal parasitism in teenager of the eighth, ninth and tenth year of Manuela Espejo Elementary School of the city of Ambato”. The applied methodology was quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive. A survey divided into two parts was used. In the first part, housing risk factors and health-hygienic aspect were proven. In the second part, the knowledge level on parasites was tested, as well as infection and prevention. The SPSS application was used to tabulate and analyze the date to reach to conclusions. The results obtained from coproparasitary examinations depict that 41% of students do not have parasites, white 24% of blastocystis in general, form other parasites.Item “Prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal en niños de 2 a 9 años que asisten al centro de salud n° 2 Simón Bolívar de la ciudad de Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2019-10-01) Morales Llerena, Alexandra Maribel; Fernández Nieto, Miriam Ivonne Lic. Mg.This research is quantitative, descriptive, allows us to observe and detail the problem to be studied to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in children from 2 to 9 years old who attend the Simon Bolívar Health Center No. 2 of the City of Ambato, with the Aim to identify intestinal parasites in 120 children undergoing coproparasitic studies, a survey was applied to 80 mothers to evaluate knowledge about hygiene habits. Obtaining as results in the laboratory tests that 60% were positive while 40% was negative, the parasites found were 50% Áscaris Lumbricoides, 17% Trichuris Trichiura, 15% Enterobius Vermiculares (pinworms), 4 % Hymenolepis nana, 14% Giardia Lamblia. In the survey applied to mothers on hygienic aspects, 25% wash their hands before eating any food, 31% wash fruits or vegetables before eating them, 47% wash their hands after using the bathroom, 12% play on the ground or ground, 73% wear shoes or footwear, 47% suck their fingers or bite their nails. It is very important that parents go to the medical check-ups with their children to be treated, receive treatment and publicize prevention and care measures for both children and them. The correct way to show affection to children is to teach them how to take care of their health and one of them is to perform proper hygiene. It was concluded that the incidence of parasitosis in children from 2 to 9 years old who were treated is high since the associated factors were the lack of health education and hygiene measures.Item Comparación de la Técnica de Kato Katz Vs. la Técnica del Mini Flotac para Identificación de Helmintos dentro del (Propad) Programa Nacional para el Abordaje Multidisciplinario de Parasitosis Desatendidas en el Ecuador(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Laboratorio Clínico, 2016-05-01) Villafuerte Ledesma, Kelvin Wladimir; Noriega Puga, Vicente Rubén Dr. Mg.The parasitic infections are the major public health problem. The helmintosis are considered disregarded diseases, however in high prevalence developing countries the parasitosis studies are needed. PAHO considers Ecuador in the high parasitosis prevalence group. Children are the most affected population mainly due to the bad health infrastructure and poor hygiene standards. The diagnosis is given by the simple coproparasitology test despite its false negatives high index . The new tools and techniques for helmintic diagnosis guarantee higher sensitivity and specificity, like the Kato-Katz and the Mini- FLOTAC®, a flotation method. This research is a descriptive and cross-sectional type called, "Comparison of the Kato-Katz technique vs. Mini- FLOTAC® technique for helminths identification in the multidisciplinary national program for the neglected parasitosis in Ecuador (PROPAD)”. The comparative analysis show that one advantage of the flotation Mini- FLOTAC® technique is the fast ejecution time compared with Kato-Katz method. Also it was determined that the Mini- FLOTAC® technique has a sensitivity of 100% while the Kato-Katz 88% in the studied group. Both Kato-Katz and Mini- FLOTAC® are inexpensive, and their instruments, materials and reagents are available easily.