Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Plan terapéutico de fuerza muscular en miembro superior con musicoterapia en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2(2025-03-11) Cajas Vargas, Diego Andrés; Reales Chacón, Lisbeth Josefina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosThis study, conducted at Universidad Técnica de Ambato, examines the impact of an innovative therapeutic plan combining upper limb strength exercises with music therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This multidimensional approach aims to enhance patients' quality of life and functionality through an accessible and tailored treatment. T2DM affects 10.5% of the global population and 1.7% in Ecuador, with a significant prevalence among older adults. Characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, this condition impacts not only metabolic health but also the musculoskeletal system, leading to muscle mass loss, insulin resistance, and functional limitations. The primary goal of this research was to implement and evaluate a therapeutic plan designed to improve upper limb strength in 28 older adults diagnosed with T2DM. The program consisted of specific exercises and music therapy sessions, totaling 48 sessions over 24 weeks. Music was selected based on participants' preferences to maximize physical and emotional benefits. The methodology included pre- and post-intervention assessments using manual dynamometry to measure muscle strength, and the results were analyzed statistically. Findings showed significant improvements in participants' muscle strength, with an average increase of 3–4 kg in key movements such as shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, as well as elbow flexion and extension. This study validates the use of music therapy as a complementary element in physiotherapeutic programs. It also provides a replicable model for future interventions addressing chronic conditions like T2DM, emphasizing the importance of integrated approaches in managing chronic diseases.Item Plan terapéutico de fuerza muscular en miembros inferiores con musicoterapia en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2(2025-03-11) Balladares López, Mishell Monserrat; Reales Chacón, Lisbeth Josefina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosDiabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is classified as a chronic condition characterized by pathophysiological mechanisms such as insulin resistance and progressive dysfunction of beta cells, leading to inefficient glucose absorption at the musculoskeletal level. This results in alterations in muscle fibers, pain, and weakness. In the lower limbs, there is evidence of a higher prevalence of problems related to locomotion, independence, and functionality in individuals suffering from this condition. Strength exercises combined with music therapy have been shown to improve the characteristics of muscle fibers, enhance internal cellular signaling through specific muscle contractions, and promote adherence to exercise protocols. The purpose of this article was to apply a therapeutic plan focused on muscular strength in the lower limbs combined with music therapy in patients with DM2. The methodology was developed using a quantitative, analytical, prospective, and longitudinal approach with an applicative and intervention-level framework. A sample of 30 individuals from the Centro Recreacional del Adulto Mayor del GAD de Atahualpa was divided into two groups: experimental and control. The sampling design was non-probabilistic and based on convenience. Data collection involved a demographic card, dynamometry tests for lower limbs, the Chair Stand Test, and the Height and Weight items from the Senior Fitness Test battery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and Student's t-test. The primary findings indicated that at the level of ankle dorsiflexors (mean difference: 7.333) and hip abductors (mean difference: 4.667), the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements compared to the control group, which showed negative results. These findings affirm that strength exercises targeting the lower limbs, combined with music therapy, effectively benefit patients diagnosed with DM2.Item EFECTO DEL EJERCICIO AEROBICO COMBINADO CON FUERZA EN PACIENTES POST BARIATRICOS(2025-02-27) Pintado Zúñiga, Christian Sebastián; Cantuña, Vallejo Paul Fernando; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de FisioterapiaBariatric surgery is an intervention with the purpose of reducing stomach capacity and limiting food intake in obese people with (BMI ≥ 40 or BMI ≥ 35); taking into account that obesity has become one of the most relevant diseases in the world, which is why obesity is known as the pandemic of the 21st century. This research project was carried out with the purpose of analyzing the effect of exercise aerobic combined with strength in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. The methodology of the study was a nonexperimental, cross-sectional and correlational design with a qualitative-quantitative approach. Two evaluations were used, the Cooper test to evaluate aerobic capacity, and the muscle strength test using the lower limb bench press. These evaluations were applied to 31 patient patients who have undergone surgery for a Gastric Sleeve or Gastric Bypass at Obesity Hospital in the city of Píllaro. Among the results obtained, it was observed that the results of the aerobic exercise program combined with strength exercises obtained positive benefits in the treated patients, thus achieving an improvement in aerobic capacity, an increase in muscle strength and a decrease in the index of body mass (BMI). It is concluded that this research project obtained positive results for people after bariatric surgery.Item Relación de fuerza muscular con la prueba de estabilidad en cadena cinética cerrada(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Lascano Garcés, Ronald Alexander; Cantuña Vallejo, Paúl Fernando Doc. Esp.The general objective was to determine muscle strength and stability in closed kinetic chain in upper limb in athletes. It was descriptive, using existing and valid tests to relate muscle strength with upper limb stability, with a quantitative approach and a longitudinal design. Athletes who use the upper limb and train with overhead movements were analyzed; evaluations such as the CKCUEST test, medicine ball throwing, strength tests for the upper limb and strength tests for central stability were applied. The population constituted a sample of 59 athletes between 15 and 42 years of age, WITH an average of 25.76. The results showed that core muscular strength is related to shoulder stability in front plank and right and left lateral plank with a significance of P=0.003. In conclusion, upper limb muscle strength is not statistically significant with upper limb stability with a significance of P=,.343, on the other hand core stability does present a statistically significant relationship, which was demonstrated in the research, which indicated that to avoid risk of injury at the upper limb level in athletes Core strength is importantItem Aplicación de un Protocolo de Ejercicios con Facilitación Neuromuscular Propioceptiva para mejorar rango y fuerza muscular en adultos mayores con dolor de rodillas.(2021-07-01) Manzano Vinueza, Gabriela Cristina Lcda. Ft.; Latta Sánchez, María Augusta Lcda. Ft.MgKnee pain is one of the main problems for the population over 65 years old and is related to degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis. Exercises with the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique (PNF) have been suggested as an alternative rehabilitation treatment to reduce the impacts of this frequent symptom. The purpose of this project was to apply an exercise protocol with the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation technique to improve range of motion and muscle strength in older adults with knee pain. Twenty older adults with an age range between 65 and 80 years from the Atahualpa parish participated, all of them performed the protocol for 12 weeks with a frequency of 1 session per week. The patients were evaluated before and after the intervention using the numerical pain rating scale, goniometric test and Daniels test. The resistance, difficulty and number of repetitions applied in the lower limb diagonals were gradually increased. The SPSS program was used for statistical analysis. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis that the parameters tested: pain, joint mobility and muscle strength improved after the use of PNF techniques. It is concluded that the three specific techniques: Rhythmic Initiation, Dynamic Inversions and Contraction-Relaxation belonging to the concept of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation applied in an exercise protocol increase physical capacities such as mobility and muscle strength in the older adult population aged 65 to 80 years. Future and more extensive research is necessary considering the variables or limitations that may have intervened in this study.