Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario de agresión (AQ) en estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-09-19) Espinoza López, Ingrid Yuliana; Tobar Viera, Andrea SusanaAggression is a predisposing factor for violence, it encompasses negative attitudes such as anger and hostility, and can be presented verbally and physically with the intention of hurting others. It occurs in adolescent age groups and in the university youth population. In addition, i t is necessary to emphasize the absence of reliable psychometric instruments for the evaluation of this variable in the Ecuadorian context. A psychometric instrumental methodology was used to determine the psychometric properties of the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), with the participation of 632 university students from Ecuador, 64.4% of whom were female and 35.6% male, with a mean age of 20.5. The results showed an adequate adjustment in the three -factor model and an optimum reliability with a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.92. Likewise, the mean score was determined according to sex, resulting in a significant presence of aggression in the male gender. It was concluded that the research presents adequate consistency and reliability, which indicates that the instrument can be used with caution in the university population.Item El optimismo y la procrastinación académica en los estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-09-19) Chaquinga Ramos, Erika del Rocio; Mejía Rubio, Andrea de RocíoCollege life involves challenges and changes that require adaptive skills and positive resources. Optimistic students tend to experience lower levels of stress, emotional exhaustion, and depression. However, academic procrastination, characterized by postponing important tasks, can affect students' academic performance and well-being. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between optimism and academic procrastination in college students. To approach this investigation, a descriptive, correlational and comparative quantitative approach was used, employing a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 357 university students from a Higher Education Institution in the city of Ambato, between 18 and 30 years of age. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling method was used to select the participants. The instruments used in this study included the Life Orientation Test Revised (Lot- R) (Scheier et al., 1994), the Academic Procrastination Scale (Busko, 1998) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results obtained revealed a slight inverse correlation between academic procrastination and optimism (Rho=-0.301, p<0.01). In addition, a direct relationship was found between academic self-regulation and optimism (Rho=0.345, p<0.01). No significant differences were found regarding the level of optimism as a function of the participants' gender (t (257) =1.33, p>0.05). It is concluded that university students who present higher levels of academic procrastination tend to have lower levels of optimism.Item Propiedades psicométricas del test de dependencia al móvil (TDM) en estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-09-18) Tixilema Poaquiza, Lizbeth Morely; Tobar Viera, Andrea SusanaMobile phone dependence is a problem that presents itself as a repetitive behavior of distress when deprived of the use of the cell phone, which causes feelings of significant discomfort when not being able to access the device and that only becomes regulated when the person returns to use it. OBJECTIVE: To determine the psychometric properties of validity and reliability of the Mobile Phone Dependence Test in Ecuadorian university students; this instrument evaluates the excessive use of and dependence on mobile devices. The original version of the test reveals a Cronbach's alpha of 0.94, consists of 22 items and a Likert scale from 0 to 4. METHOD: Instrumental psychometric study, with a descriptive and correlational scope, and a non -experimental and cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 436 university students belonging to a university in Ecuador, 29.8% were men and 70.2% were women. RESULTS: The results indicate a reliability of the total scale with a Cronbach's α of 0.924 and a factorial structure of four dimensions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The instrument obtained good reliability, and the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicates that the instrument is feasible to use in university population in the Ecuadorian conte xt.Item Propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español del test addiction internet en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-09-14) Barriga Chicaiza, Carol Mayte; Tobar Viera, Andrea SusanaInternet addiction is characterized by the need to be online all the time, lack of initiative to perform other activities, especially in college students has increased access to it, they surf for several hours on websites and entertainment applications, this leads to the population being exposed to suffer from internet addiction, which can bring problems at physical, psychological and social level. The main objective of the study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) in university students. An instrumental, cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational design was used. A total of 468 students were evaluated, 70.3% were women and 29.7% were men. The results indicate that the IAT in its Spanish version has a Cronbach's Alpha of 0.915 and is divided into three factors (interference in the emotional state due to excessive use of the Internet, affectation in daily performance and loss of control of connection time). It is concluded that it is a valid and reliable instrument, since it presents adequate psychometric properties to be applied in the Ecuadorian context. Males present greater addition to the Internet compared to females.Item Calidad de sueño y procrastinación académica en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-04-27) Toapanta Viracocha, Leidy Mabel; Gavilanes Manzano, Fanny RocíoUniversity students are exposed to different changes in their educational stage where obligations, responsibilities and demands are greater, which affects the quality of sleep or, on the contrary, procrastination is generated, leaving academic activities aside. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and academic procrastination in university students. Through a quantitative approach, correlational scope, non-experimental and cross sectional design. The sample consisted of 141 university students (36 men and 105 women), with a mean age of 21.3, selected by non-probabilistic sampling, to whom the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Academic Procrastination Scale (EPA) were applied. The results showed that the students had poor sleep quality; with respect to levels of academic procrastination, a high level was identified in both academic self-regulation and procrastination. It was determined that the quality of sleep and the procrastination dimension were statistically significantly related (Rho=0.167, p<0.05), which indicates that the worse the quality of sleep, the greater the procrastination.Item Impulsividad y riesgo de consumo de sustancias psicotrópicas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-04-20) Heredia Quintana, Erick Steeve; Mena Freire, Marco AntonioImpulsivity is the difficulty in self-control so that the subject acts according to need or defense without premeditation. The general objective of this research was to determine the relationship between impulsivity and risk ofpsychotropic substance use. The methodology implemented in this study corresponds to a non-experimental design of correlational and prospective type. The sample consisted of 186 university students, aged between 18 and 50 years, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The Barratt impulsivity scale (BIS-11) and the alcohol, tobacco and substance use screening test (ASSIST v3.1) were applied. The results indicate that the psychotropic substance with the highest frequency with a moderate risk level is alcoholic beverages with a percentage of 69.9%. A statistically significant correlation (Rho=0.156; p<0.033) was found between motor impulsivity and the risk of drinking alcoholic beverages.Item Rasgos de personalidad y su relación con el consumo de tabaco en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2023-04-20) Galarza Paredes, Andrés Sebastián; Tobar Viera, Andrea SusanaTobacco consumption is one of the fastest growing problems worldwide, excessive intake of this product causes health problems such as cancer, heart disease, lung disease, among others. Tobacco consumption can be related to several factors such as: family, friends, consumption of other substances, personality traits, the latter since they determine the individual's way of acting towards the environment, which is why the objective of the investigation is to determine the relationship between personality traits and tobacco use in university students. The focus of this research is quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive with a correlational and cross-sectional level. For the evaluation of personality traits, the IPDE Evaluation Questionnaire was used, and for tobacco consumption, the Cigarette Consumer Classification Scale (C4) was used. As a main result, it is evident that within the consumers, men are at a high and moderate level of tobacco consumption. However, there are no statistically significant differences p>0.01 in tobacco consumption in terms of sex. Therefore, tobacco consumption is related to other study variables.Item La depresión y su relación con la ideación suicida en estudiantes universitarios(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-04-20) Abril Solis, Evelyn Pamela; Gavilanes Manzano, Fanny RocíoDepression and suicidal ideation represent a problem in mental health, since it is considered a psychologic discomfort that has increased principally in the young population. There are various factors that seem to be related with the problem such as psychological, biological, social, familiar, academical, sentimental or labor aspects. The objective of this investigation was to determine the relation between depression and suicidal ideation in university students, by the means of a quantitative approach, a correlational reach, non-experimental design and transversal cut. The sample was composed by 130 university students (76.9% female and 23.1% male) Zung self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Beck´s hopelessness Scale (BHS) were applied. It was determined that a slight depression and suicidal ideation exists. Identifying that there is not a significative correlation between depression and suicidal ideation in the samples mentioned beforehand p=0.740 (Rho= -0.029, p > 0.50). To conclude, depression and suicidal ideation depend on several biopsychosocial aspects, therefore, this study has been performed to strengthen previous knowledge regarding the variables before mentioned, this way providing exploratory information.