Ciencias de la Salud
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Item INCIDENCIA DE RESISTENCIA A LA INSULINA Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL ÍNDICE DE MASA CORPORAL Y ESTILO DE VIDA EN ADULTOS DE LA PARROQUIA QUISAPINCHA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2024-08-13) Gavilanes Hernández, María Augusta; Pacha Jara, Ana GabrielaInsulin resistance has become a public health problem of great relevance worldwide, being closely linked to the development of high-impact chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. In Ecuador, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the adult population has reached alarming levels, becoming a significant risk factor for the development of this condition. The objective of this research was to evaluate the incidence of insulin resistance and its relationship with body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle in adults of Quisapincha parish. The study was descriptive, crosssectional observational, with a mixed approach. The population consisted of 80 people, whose weight and height were measured to calculate BMI, classifying them into two groups: control and pathological. A survey was administered and blood samples were taken to analyze glucose and insulin levels, and subsequently the HOMA-IR index was calculated. The results indicated that only in the pathological population were altered levels detected, with 15% with elevated glucose, 12.5% with high insulin and 72.5% with an elevated HOMA-IR index. It was determined that 29 of the 80 individuals had insulin resistance, and that those who were overweight and obese had a significantly higher risk. In addition, several lifestyle factors, such as inadequate diet, lack of physical activity, and tobacco and alcohol consumption, were associated with this condition.Item ESTUDIO DE LA DIETA Y EJERCICIO EN EL SÍNDROME DE OVARIO POLIQUÍSTICO (SOP) EN MUJERES EN EDAD REPRODUCTIVA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-07-04) Carrasco Villegas, Joselyne Elizabeth; Bustillos Solorzano, Marcos EdissonIntroduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common chronic endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. It has become a heterogeneous syndrome due to its presentation, evolution over time and short and long term consequences. Objective: To carry out a systematic review on the effect of diet and exercise on PCOS, in women of reproductive age, by searching transcendental literature for its correct non-pharmacological management. Methods: the article is a systematic review, describing results published in health journals and databases. For its development, more than 20 articles were selected, including systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, review articles, clinical practice guidelines and original works. Results: PCOS is a common disorder that affects 5 out of 10 women of reproductive age. The causes are not well identified; some studies suggest identifying alterations in the genetic component, while others relate it to intra- or extrauterine environmental factors. Apparently, the most effective treatment for PCOS “according to data obtained from systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials” remains a change in lifestyle, with the implementation of a low-carbohydrate diet and the development of regular physical exercise. Conclusions: Women require a series of drugs to control hirsutism, anovulation and menstrual irregularities with the possibility of triggering adverse reactions; However, as a first-line treatment, women with PCOS should be encouraged to practice exercise regularly as it reduces insulin resistance, body weight, blood lipids, glucose and improves self-esteemItem ACTUALIZACIÓN DE LOS FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA CÁNCER TESTICULAR(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10) Chamorro Ortiz, Tatiana Alexandra; Parra Rosero, Andrea CatalinaIntroduction: Testicular cancer is a common neoplasm in young men aged between 15 and 40 years. It significantly affects a man's quality of life and reproductive function; however, it has a 90% cure rate and a 95% survival rate in those who are diagnosed early. Nevertheless, the clinical presentation is not specific and may only appear as painless unilateral swelling. For this reason, it is important to be aware of the risk factors for testicular cancer, which can range from age, syndromes, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Objective: Integrate updated knowledge on risk factors for testicular cancer. Methodology: A review of updated scientific literature was carried out between the period of 2019-2023. The search was performed using the terms: “risk factors for testicular cancer” “Testicular cancer” “Epidemiology of Testicular Cancer” “Etiology of Testicular Cancer”, in databases: Medscape, Clinical Practice Guidelines, PubMed, Cochrane. Results: Through the theoretical search it was possible to obtain updated information on the definition, etiology, epidemiology, the main risk factors, the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and prevention measures in relation to testicular cancer. Conclusions: Testicular cancer, although rare, has a good prognosis with early diagnosis and treatment. Detection through self-examination and regular tests is crucial.Item ACTITUD PREVENTIVA SOBRE DIABETES MELLITUS Y ESTILO DE VIDA EN EL PERSONAL OBRERO Y ADMINISTRATIVO DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD ECUATORIANA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-28) Enríquez Sisalema, Daniela Alexandra; Arráiz de Fernández, CarolinaIntroduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels. Lifestyles encompass a set of behaviors and attitudes that impact the health of individuals. Objective: Determine the association between the attitudes of adults towards the prevention of diabetes mellitus and the lifestyle of the workers and administrative staff of an Ecuadorian University. Methodogy: Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational study, with a sample of 36 individuals (workers and administrators) who work at the Faculty of Health Sciences. Two instruments were used: “Adult Attitudes towards the prevention of type II diabetes”, reliability 0.985 and “Lifestyle”, reliability 0.993. Results: There is a low assessment in all dimensions of Adult Attitudes towards the prevention of type II diabetes, with 66.7% in nutrition; 55.6% exercise; 50.0% fluid intake; 63.9% in medical control; 47.1% consumption of harmful substances; 61.1% in sleep and 55.6% in psychosocial. An average rating in Lifestyle with 36.1% food; 61.1% stress; 50.0% interpersonal development; 47.2% self-realization and 41.7% responsibility, with a low rating in relation to the exercise 44.4%. There is an extremely strong and highly significant correlation between the two variables. Conclusion: The attitude of adults towards the prevention of type II diabetes is low, which increases the risk, an adequate nursing intervention prevents type II DM and promotes health.Item Alteración del perfil lípidico y su relación con la presión arterial y estilo de vida de los estudiantes de la carrera de Laboratorio Clínico de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-01) Morales Núñez, Elvis Andre; Pacha Jara, Ana Gabriela Bqf. MgCurrently, worldwide, hypertensive diseases have come to affect the general population, being a serious problem for the health system, since they represent a high risk of population morbidity and mortality; For this reason, it is important to maintain frequent controls of the lipid profile that allows diagnosis, prevention and timely treatment to avoid progressive damage to the health status of people. Thus, the main objective of this research lies in determining the relationship between the alteration of the lipid profile, blood pressure and lifestyle of the students of the Clinical Laboratory Career of the Technical University of Ambato. The methodology used was epidemiolo gical and public health; based on a qualitative approach, basic modality, field, documentary, laboratory; using a survey, taking blood samples and taking blood pressure for 3 consecutive days of 80 students divided into 40 students as a control population and 40 as a pathological population. Regarding the results obtained, the existence of alterations in the lipid profile is evident, so after the application of the Chi-square test, it is asserted that the alterations in the lipid profile are not related to alterations in blood pressure or style. of life of university students, due to the age of the population, since being active young people,xv there is no major vulnerability in the state of health in the short term; however, subsequently, there is a high hypertensive risk if the same lifestyle is maintaineItem Experiencias vivenciales del personal de enfermería en la campaña de vacunación COVID en el cantón Ambato provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Llerena Saca, Willian Alfredo; Analuisa Jiménez, Eulalia Isabel Lic. Mg.Introduction: The pandemic has caused a serious health, social and economic crisis in the world. Demanding the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador, to implement the COVID, vaccination plan requiring health personnel working on the front line to be the main participants; producing in them a change in lifestyle due to long working hours. Objective: To learn about the experiences of nursing personnel who participate in the COVID vaccination campaign in the Ambato Canton, Province of Tungurahua. Method: The research is a qualitative approach design of phenomenological exploratory type, with a sample taken by convenience and reasoned, with a total of 12 nursing professionals who have the phenomenon of interest, using a semi-structured interview as an instrument for data collection. Results: with the interviews conducted, a categorization of the information was elaborated, managing to classify them in: Perception of the COVID Vaccination strategy, Types of negative and positive experiences in the vaccination campaign, Changes in lifestyle. Physical and mental health, Perceived attitudes in the vaccination process, Interpersonal relationships. Conclusions: The experiences lived by the nursing staff in the COVID vaccination campaign were mostly good experiences, thus classifying them into positive and negative according to the interview conducted with each professional.Item Percepción de los internos rotativos acerca de los cambios de estilo de vida durante la pandemia covid-19(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Atiaja Arias, Josselin Teresa; Herrera López, José LuisLic. Mg.The change in the lifestyle of rotating inmates during the pandemic had repercussions on their health. The objective of the research was to analyze the changes in the lifestyle of rotating inmates during the Covid-19 pandemic. The methodology used was based on a study with a qualitative approach of short duration. A field study was carried out in the period October-November 2020 with the rotating nursing interns of the Technical University of Ambato from the period September 2019-August 2020, using a semi-structured interview. It was concluded that changes in lifestyle generate health problems as they cause chronic diseases, loss of communication with family, society and stress. In addition, some of them contributed to improving hygiene practices to take care of their health.Item “Influencia del estilo de vida en el estado de salud de los adultos mayores del sector la unión en el barrio Alpamalag perteneciente al cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2019-03-01) Toapaxi Jácome, Erika Regina; Guarate Coronado, Yeisy Cristina Dra.The present study aimed to analyze the lifestyle and its influence on the health status of older adults in the Union sector in the Alpamalag neighborhood belonging to the Pujilí Canton, in the Province of Cotopaxi. Through the application of a quantitative study, through the statistical analysis of real and direct data obtained by the application of the FANTASTIC and SF-12 surveys. In addition, the associativity of the variables was determined by applying the Chi square with the support of the statistical program PSPP and Excel; using the results found, 61% reported having a good lifestyle, 31% fantastic and 9% regular. On the other hand, the state of health varied from very good with 23%, good 17%, regular 49% and bad 11%; finally, through this investigation it was concluded that the majority of the study population maintains an adequate lifestyle, however, the lack of health promotion that promotes the periodic control of this population was evidenced, and also by means of the applied surveys determined that the majority of the study population showed a certain degree of alteration of the sleep pattern. Even though the majority of the population reported having a regular state of health, it could be shown that this was subjective and is generally related to the pain they felt, which is considered proper to age because of the same wear, not by the identification of a specific pathology.Item “La influencia del estilo de vida como tratamiento no farmacológico en la demencia senil de tipo alzheimer en adultos mayores en el hogar de ancianos sagrado corazón de jesús en el cantón Ambato provincia de Tungurahua en el periodo febrero 2014- julio 2014.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Medicina, 2014-11-01) Salvador Aguilar, Andrea Daniela; Bastidas Tello Dr. MSc., GuillermoThe present research was conducted in the Nursing Home Sacred Heart of Jesus, as there is a population of older adults with some degree of cognitive impairment level related to suffering Alzheimer's disease An investigation was carried out with an analytical, longitudinal, prospective study involving 20 older adults with Alzheimer's pathology in which an interview has a Cohen's kappa between 0.86 and 0.90 was applied, then the proposal will be implemented in either affected. To determine the influence was applied again the interview with which it is compared with the first, having changes in their statistical values that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed addition statistical Wilcoxon test was applied, it is determined if there is a relationship between the variables lifestyle: health status, mobility, personal care and depression with non-drug treatment. This work showed that severe cognitive impairment is maintained, there is no change, and in mild cognitive impairment and there is a modest 10% improvement. The main objective of this work is to demonstrate the influence of lifestyle as non-pharmacological treatment in senile dementia of Alzheimer type in older adults in the nursing home Sacred Heart of Jesus in the Canton Ambato Tungurahua Province in February 2014 period.