Ciencias de la Salud
Permanent URI for this communityhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/813
Browse
12 results
Search Results
Item MODELO DE OREM APLICADO A NIÑOS CON PARASITOSIS DE LA UNIDAD EDUCATIVA FRANCISCO FLOR(2025-06-17) Gómez Valencia, María José; Fernández Nieto, Miriam Ivonne; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaParasitosis is an infection that affects the small and large intestine. It is a public health problem that significantly affects the child population, especially in groups with poor hygiene conditions and limited access to health services. In Ecuador, this condition is particularly prevalent among preschool and school-aged children, which negatively impacts their physical and cognitive development. The high incidence of parasitosis in vulnerable areas, where the practice of good hygiene habits and neglect of their parents are the main cause of it, highlights the need to establish effective intervention strategies that not only address treatment, but also education for the prevention of this disease. The Dorothea Orem Self-Care Model is widely valued in nursing practice. It provides a solid theoretical framework that promotes the improvement of health care by developing the capacity for self-care in individuals. This model places particular emphasis on education and the promotion of healthy habits, considering them essential for the prevention and control of diseases such as parasitosis. This research focuses on the application of the Orem Model in children from the Francisco Flor Educational Unit, located in the parish of Huachi Chico, Ambato canton. Through this study, we seek to compare self-care practices in relation to hygiene measures, analyzing their effectiveness in reducing the prevalence of parasitosis in this vulnerable group. In addition, we aim to establish specific guidelines to improve health education and the active participation of children in their own care, thus contributing to improving their quality of life.Item LA INFLUENCIA EPIGENÉTICA DE LA LACTANCIA MATERNA EN LA LEUCEMIA LINFOBLÁSTICA AGUDA INFANTIL: UN ENFOQUE INNOVADOR PARA LA PREVENCIÓN DE ENFERMEDADES CRÓNICAS(2025-06-13) Fiallos Montoya, Steve Omar; Salazar Garcés, Luis Fabián; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de MedicinaIntroduction: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer, with an etiology involving genetic, environmental, and epigenetic factors. Breastfeeding has been proposed as an epigenetic modulator that may influence susceptibility to this disease. This study reviewed current literature on the relationship between breastfeeding and epigenetic modifications associated with ALL prevention. Method: a systematic review was conducted in biomedical databases (PubMed, BVS, Science Direct, Scopus, and Embase) for studies published between 2018 and 2024. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cohort studies, and clinical trials examining the relationship between breastfeeding, epigenetics, and ALL were included. Studies that did not specifically address this interaction were excluded. Results: ten relevant studies were identified, showing that breastfeeding influences epigenetic regulation through microRNA modulation, DNA methylation, and immunomodulatory factors. These mechanisms may reduce ALL susceptibility by enhancing immune response and modifying gene expression in hematopoietic cells. However, methodological heterogeneity limits the standardization of findings. Conclusions: evidence suggests that breastfeeding plays a key role in the epigenetic prevention of ALL. However, longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and their longterm clinical impact.Item METFORMINA COMO PREVENCIÓN DEL CÁNCER DE MAMA: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-09-24) Laura Telenchana, María Graciela; Romo López, Ángel GeovannyThe use of metformin, a widely employed medication for treating type 2 diabetes, has garnered increasing interest regarding its potential role in breast cancer prevention. The research aimed to assess the relationship between metformin use and breast cancer prevention. A meticulous literature search was conducted across various scientific databases, including PUBMED, SCOPUS, TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, REDALYC, SCIELO, the World Health Organization's Manual of Congenital Anomalies Surveillance, and other scientific journals, spanning the last five years. Boolean operators "OR" and "AND" were utilized to optimize search strategies. Analysis of these studies revealed a dichotomy in findings the favorable studies supported the idea that metformin could play a beneficial role in cancer prevention, especially in postmenopausal women, providing additional evidence in favor of metformin, in several articles suggest that there are different mechanisms that are involved in reducing the risk of breast cancer, such as time and the type of cancer receptor. However, some studies presented less favorable results, indicating dependency on specific factors not uniformly considered in observational studies and highlighting the complexity of different subtypes of breast cancer responses to metformin. In conclusion, this review offers a nuanced perspective on metformin's potential in breast cancer prevention, emphasizing both favorable and less conclusive findings. The variability in results underscores the intricate nature of this relationship, emphasizing the need for additional research to unravel complexities and provide a more nuanced understanding for clinical application.Item PRINCIPALES FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA MUERTE SÚBITA EN EL LACTANTE Y MEDIDAS DE PREVENCIÓN(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10) Tixi Moya, Mónica Liliana; Fiallos Brito, Edisson JavierIntroduction: sudden infant death (SIDS), first defined in 1956 by the American Academy of Pediatrics as the death of an apparently healthy child, less than one year of age, without comprehensive explanation, including a complete autopsy and examination detail of the death scene, this event occurs especially during sleep. It is a syndromic diagnosis that is reached by exclusion and is likely to have different etiologies. The objective of this bibliographic review is to compile updated information on the main risk factors involved in sudden infant death, establishing prevention measures applicable within society. Methodology: literature review study based on the search for information using recognized electronic databases in health sciences such as PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Science direct, Google Scholar, using keywords such as sudden death; infant; risk factor’s; prevention, unexpected death including original scientific articles published in the last five years, without language restriction, 100 articles were reviewed of which 30 were chosen. Results: information is collected that allows establishing sleeping position and drug consumption by caregivers as potential causes of sudden death in infants, in addition to the use of campaigns as the main strategy to eradicate the causative factors. Conclusions: sudden infant death is a syndrome that frequently occurs in children under 6 months of age, constituting an important health problem. It is determined that the sleeping position is the factor that causes it most frequently and that it can be modifiable.Item CUIDADO OCULAR EN PAÍSES DEL “CINTURÓN DEL PTERIGIÓN”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10) Ruiz Yánez, Jessica Raquel; Mendoza Rodríguez, Saimara MaríaPterygium is a benign disease of fibrovascular proliferation, which extends from the conjunctiva to the cornea, causing aesthetic and even visual problems. Its development is largely related to ultraviolet radiation and therefore to those activities carried out outdoors. The objective of this article is to carry out a bibliographic review on the risk factors for the development of pterygium in countries that are within the “Pterygium measurement belt”, which allows describing eye care for the prevention of this pathology. All the articles analyzed describe ultraviolet radiation as the main factor described for the development of pterygium. In addition, social characteristics are described as risk factors, such as male sex, adulthood or lower level of education. Ultraviolet radiation is the most important risk factor for the development of pterygium, however, other factors are recognized such as dust, wind, wood debris, sodium metabisulfite, radiation from welding and LED light.Item ACTUALIZACIÓN DE LA INFECCIÓN POR VIRUS DEL PAPILOMA HUMANO ASOCIADO A CÁNCER DE CUELLO UTERINO CON UN ENFOQUE EN EL DIAGNÓSTICO Y TRATAMIENTO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10) Oña Rodríguez, Tannia Maribel; Silva Acosta, Jissela Del CarmenIntroduction: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women worldwide, and infection with the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a significant risk factor for its development. The aim of this review article is to update the knowledge on HPV infection and its association with cervical cancer, with a focus on diagnosis and treatment. Methodology: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published in English from 2015 to the present that addressed HPV infection and cervical cancer, with a focus on diagnosis and treatment, were included. Results: HPV infection is a significant risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. Diagnostic methods include cervical cytology, HPV testing, and colposcopy. Prevention of cervical cancer can be achieved through HPV vaccination and early detection via screening tests. Conclusions: HPV infection is a significant risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. Diagnostic methods and treatment options are available for the management of HPV infection and cervical cancer. Prevention of cervical cancer can be achieved through HPV vaccination and early detection via screening tests. It is important for healthcare professionals to be up-to-date on the latest recommendations for the prevention and management of cervical cancer.Item Plan de estrategias para disminución del estrés asociado al síndrome metabólico en profesionales de salud(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermeria, 2024-05-01) Villavicencio Lluglla, Erika Katherine; Herrera López, José Luis Lic PhD.Introduction: Work stress is one of the main problems facing today's society, even more so in sectors such as health where there are a series of factors involved such as: irregular hours, night and shift work, physical and psychological burdens related to work. suffering and risk of death of the patient. Objective: identify the main stressors that affect health professionals and determine strategies to reduce stress in health professionals. Method: descriptive bibliographic review developed from databases such as: PubMed, LILACS, Scielo, BVS and Google academic, using Health Sciences and Medical Subject descriptors, whose criteria were: original articles, review articles, related case studies to the topic, published in the period 2019-2023, in Spanish and English and coming from indexed journals. The bibliographic review was developed with 30 bibliographic sources. Result: the main stressors that affect the health of health professionals are intrinsic and extrinsic, the former include critical care environments, rotating shifts, workload and contact with suffering and death, while the second type: being a woman, experience and academic preparation. The main stress coping strategies are coping, resilience, and need satisfaction. Conclusions: Health professionals face stressors daily during the performance of their duties, which is why they apply strategies to cope with these situations and thus avoid affecting physical and mental healthItem Lactancia materna y riesgo de padecer leucemia en infantes. un artículo de revisión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, 2024-05-01) Tapia Barahona, Sayuri Adalid; Hidalgo Morales, Kattyta PatriciaLic. Mg.Introduction: Breast milk is a food that fulfills several functions in the organism and its utilization depends on the time and adequate form of its application. It is important to understand that breastfeeding should be responsible, considering that it has great benefits in the life of mother and child, and one of those is to prevent leukemia in infants, a deadly disease that affects the quality of life of those who suffer from it, being one of the objectives of this research to prevent to live. This topic of research is of scientific relevance, with greater diffusion at present, since there is not enough information that can contribute to prevent leukemia in children, knowing that in recent years this disease has increased in this age group and that it also affects children and their families emotionally, so this paper hopes to contribute to science from a nutritional approach. Methodology: This bibliographic search was carried out in reliable databases such as: SciELO, Redalyc, Elsevier, American Cancer Society; after filtering all the articles found, 28 articles with the necessary characteristics and from the last five years were used. Conclusion: Exclusive and prolonged breastfeeding can change the future of hundreds of children who are affected by a deadly disease such as leukemia, the most prevalent being acute lymphoblastic leukemiaItem ANALISIS DE LAS COMPLICACIONES MATERNO FETALES ASOCIADAS A LA PREECLAMPSIA. REVISION DE LA LITERATURA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-29) Tubón Tite, Lenny Mishelle; Rojas Conde, Luis GeovannyIntroduction: Preeclampsia is a medical condition that affects pregnant women and raises significant concerns in relation to maternal-fetal complications, which makes the analysis of these relevant to the health and well-being of both the maternal and newborn during pregnancy. Objective: Identify maternal-fetal complications associated with preeclampsia. Method: the research was developed through a documentary review, a descriptive study, with a qualitative approach around maternal-fetal complications due to preeclampsia. It was investigated in high-impact databases such as: PubMed, Scielo, Scopus, Dimensions and the Google Scholar search engine. Inclusion criteria will be applied such as articles from the last 5 years, between 2018 and 2023, original articles in Spanish and English. The bibliographic review was developed with ten bibliographic sources. Results: It was identified that young women, especially between 20 and 34 years old, face a higher risk of preeclampsia, therefore, early detection is key and could be implemented in settings with limited resources. Furthermore, attention to risk factors, such as chronic hypertension, is vital, and the combination of acetylsalicylic acid and calcium is suggested in high-risk women as a pharmacological approach. Conclusion: It is revealed that there are significant maternal-fetal complications, such as high blood pressure and proteins in the urine, with serious consequences for the health of mother and child.Item Estrategia didáctica enfocada en el diagnóstico precoz del cáncer de cuello uterino con base en la caracterización inmunogenética(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Villacrés Franco, Diana Carolina Md.; Carrero Castillo, Yenddy PhD.Cervical cancer is defined as the uncontrolled proliferation of cells lining the lower part of the uterus. It is currently considered a sexually transmitted infection due to its direct relationship with infection by the human papillomavirus. This neoplasm is a highly preventable pathology, which is why education programs should be aimed at promoting cervical cancer prevention based mainly on the risk factors that have been identified in the pathogenesis of the disease, as well as periodic gynecological control. Primary care includes educational programs aimed at reducing the incidence of pathologies that are highly preventable. The objective of this research was to design a didactic strategy focused on improving the competences of the students of the Gynecology and Obstetrics rotating internship of the Medicine career of the Technical University of Ambato for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer based on the immunogenetic characterization, focused on a developmental research work based on a descriptive study. The results show that the level of knowledge of medical interns about cervical cancer is acceptable, since 65% of interns know the risk factors, types of cervical cancer and screening tests. Also, the interns responded that the main cause for the Teaching-Learning process not being adequate in 40% is the lack of didactic strategies. The study showed that the most used didactic strategies are focused on the traditional teaching method which includes lectures and expository classes given by a teacher expert in the subject where student participation is not significant.