Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Programa de entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad sobre la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria de adultos con sobrepeso(2025-03-18) Osorio Logroño, Valeria Alexandra; Cantuña Vallejo, Paúl Fernando; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosIntroduction: Adults who have long work days and little physical activity are more likely to be overweight and, in general, have poor cardiorespiratory fitness (low VO2Max levels). The presence of these factors has been shown to make people more susceptible to cardiovascular diseases. This is why high-intensity interval training has been shown to improve VO2Máx values. Objectives: The main objective of the research was to determine the effects of a high-intensity interval training program on cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as to evaluate the body mass index, pre and post-intervention aerobic capacity of overweight adults in the Latacunga Fire Department during the period from February to July 2024. Materials and Methods: It is an observational analytical study, with a prospective longitudinal design, in two parts, first a bibliographic search was carried out in order to develop a high-intensity interval training program with a duration of 15 weeks, then the participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were evaluated using the Queen’s College Step Test, then the previously developed training program was applied and the participants were re-evaluated after its application with the aforementioned test in order to evaluate aerobic capacity. The sample consisted of 30 participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. A Tstudent test and Pearson correlation were performed with the SPSS-26 program. Results: Once the training program was applied to the training program was applied to the overweight adults who participated in the study and the evaluations were carried out, the VO2Max values were compared before and after training, where the p value (0.000) is less than alpha (0.05). Therefore, the results of the t-test suggest that there is a significant difference in the VO2Max pre and post training. On the other hand, the results of the Pearson correlation (0.970) reinforce the effectiveness of the training program, showing that the means are closely related and the apparent linear correlation indicates that the training had a positive effect on the measurement of cardiorespiratory capacity. Conclusion: The high intensity interval training program improves the cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight adults since the differences were statistically significant.Item DEPENDENCIA AL EJERCICIO Y AUTOCONCEPTO FÍSICO EN USUARIOS DE GIMNASIOS(2025-03-05) Bravo Vela, Cristina Daniela; García Ramos, Diana Carolina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThe principal aim of the study was to determine the relationship between exercise dependence and physical self-concept, through a transversal, non-experimental, correlational study. The sample consisted of 102 users registered in different gyms in the city of Ambato-Ecuador, 65 men and 37 women. Participants were evaluated using the Exercise Dependence Scale - Revised (EDS-R) and the Physical Self-Concept Questionnaire (CAF). Negative correlations were found between exercise dependence symptoms and physical self-concept dimensions. In this sense, the results indicated that a positive physical self-concept could prevent the development of exercise dependence, with the most of participants being considered as non-dependent symptomatic and that, in general, men and women have a positive physical self-concept, with no significant differences being found between them.Item El bienestar psicológico y el consumo de alcohol en adultos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-08-01) Condorcana Pérez, Dayana Mishel; Mena Freire Ps. Cl. Mgs., Marco AntonioAlcohol consumption is a social issue that affects both young and adult populations, and its excessive or risky use can have detrimental effects on mental and emotional health. High alcohol consumption can decrease psychological well-being, which is characterized by life satisfaction, positive self-acceptance, healthy interpersonal relationships, a sense of purpose, and continuous personal growth. The primary objective of this study is to establish the relationship between psychological well-being and alcohol consumption using a quantitative method with a descriptive-correlational approach. The sample includes 110 adults, with an average age of 38.9, of whom 68% are men and 42% are women. The instruments used are the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale with 39 items and the AUDIT Questionnaire, which assesses the level of risk in alcohol consumption. The results indicate a close negative relationship between psychological well-being and alcohol consumption, with no significant gender differences in consumption patterns. This pattern reflects an evolution in social and cultural norms, with women increasingly engaging in drinking practices traditionally associated with men. The increase in risky consumption can lead to negative consequences for psychological well-being.Item La desconexión moral y su relación con la empatía en personas privadas de la libertad(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2024-03-01) Monar Orozco, Gabriela de Lourdes; Gaibor González, Ismael Álvaro Psi.Cl. Mst.Violence has increased exponentially in recent years as a consequence, the prison population has grown, having repercussions not only on a social level, but also on the mental health of the population. The objective of this research was to identify whether there is a relationship between moral disengagement and empathy in persons deprived of liberty. A quantitative, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out. A sample of 96 persons deprived of liberty over 18 years of age, held in a prison in Ecuador, were administered the Moral Disconnection Questionnaire (MMD) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). Moral Justification and Perspective Taking were found to be the mechanisms that correlated slightly but inversely, the other mechanisms that make up both variables were not correlated. It appears that persons deprived of liberty do not take into account the perspective of the other tending to justify at a cognitive level their behavior that may be reproachable.Item Implementación de un protocolo de diagnóstico epidemiológico para la determinación la incidencia de la infección por Helicobacter pylori en pacientes adultos que se atienden en el centro de salud de Pasa – Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-11) Chagcha Frutos, Alexandra Alice; Urbina Salazar, Anabell del Rocío PhDGastrointestinal diseases being one of the main public health problems in Ecuador, they are transmitted by the fecal-oral route, or by the consumption of contaminated water or food; its prevalence depends on the socioeconomic level of the patients, the pathogens involved are viruses, parasites and bacteria. The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic methods used in the health center of Pasa to establish Helicobacter pylori infection as well as the phase of eradication of the posttreatment microorganism, to implement an epidemiological diagnostic protocol to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection Helicobacter pylori in adult patients treated at the Pasa - Tungurahua health center through the systematic use of the Immunochromatography test of the rapid test of the Antigen in feces with the specificity of 98.4% that allowed confirming the diagnosis and the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection, analyzing the presence of risk factors in the study population. The methodology used was observational field type, prospective during the period September 2021-March 2022, it was carried out in two phases; the first was the determination of the current conditions of the prevalence and diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection and the second the determination of the eradication of the infection with the treatment of the patients who required it in the first phase, the collection of data, surveys were applied that were validated by professionals of the institution according to parameters of reliability, validity and objectivity. The results obtained show the prevalence of 52% of the patients of the studied sample that present concomitant factors for infection, the sample was 50 patients, 92.31% of patients, the pharmacological therapy used served for sensitization and eradication, 7.69% were obtained where apparently the treatment did not have an effect, but not due to the action of the treatment but due to the lack of adherence, a condition that can favor bacterial resistance. UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE AMBATO CENTRO DE POSGRADOS 17 It is concluded that according to the results the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is significant with 52% in the study population. The epidemiological diagnosis protocol was implemented that will serve as a guide in the care of patients who present symptoms related to Helicobacter pylori infection. The use of rapid tests by detecting fecal antigens for the determination of Helicobacter pylori and the performance of the second tests for the eradication of the infection were made known to the medical and technical personnel in the Health Unit. patients on the prevention of infection, diagnosis and treatment to eradicate the bacteria to avoid complications and support the process of timely and efficient care for patients with this morbidity to avoid relevant mortality.Item Comportamiento obsesivo compulsivo y su relación con la soledad social en adultos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Psicología Clínica, 2022-09-01) Aldaz Toaza, Abner Jacob; Mena Freire, Marco Antonio, Psi. Cl. Mg.This research was conducted at the Technical University of Ambato and its objective was to identify the relationship between obsessive-compulsive behavior and social loneliness in adults. The research was correlational and cross-sectional, with the participation of 312 students, both men and women, of the Clinical Psychology career belonging to the Faculty of Health Sciences. To determine the presence of obsessive- compulsive behavior in the aforementioned population, the Obsessive Compulsions Test - Revised (OCI - R) was used to identify the absence of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), OCD traits and the presence of OCD, and the Social Loneliness Scale (ESTE II) was used to identify the level of social loneliness present in the participants. The analysis of the data obtained was done using the SPSS statistical package, with which, through Spearman's correlation test, the existence of a relationship between Obsessive Compulsive Behavior and Social Loneliness in the participants was identified. Regarding the OCI - R Test, the results showed that 49.7% of the 100% of the participants presented obsessive compulsive behavior, while in relation to the ESTE II Scale, it was established that the predominant level of social loneliness was the low level with 52.9% of the total population. In addition, based on a comparison of the research variables with the sex of the participants, the Chi-square test was used to determine the absence of a relationship between the two.