Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34193

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    Estudio de la influencia de las funciones de impedancia en la interacción suelo-estructura para edificaciones de acero en suelos intermedios de la ciudad de Ambato - Ecuador
    (2025) Cañizares Proaño Juan Javier; Cañizares Ortega Freddy Fernando
    Conventional building design is commonly carried out under the assumption that the structure is fixed at its base and the foundation is rigid. However, soil-structure interaction (SSI) can significantly influence the seismic performance of buildings and, consequently, their design. The objective of this research was to evaluate the extent to which SSI affects interstory drifts through the implementation of impedance functions. This analysis depends on various factors such as building height, foundation depth, effective average shear wave velocity (Vs), and the fundamental vibration period of the structure. It is well understood that a structure founded on an intermediate soil (with Vs less than 360 m/s) responds differently under dynamic seismic excitation compared to one on an infinitely rigid base. Therefore, it becomes necessary to analyze such structures considering flexible foundations by implementing soil springs and damping effects In the development of this study, the influence of SSI on interstory drifts was assessed using parameters provided by FEMA P-2091, ASCE 7-16, the seismic microzonation of Ambato, an in-situ geotechnical investigation, a soft soil stratum as a reference example, and a mathematical model. The results showed that, for this particular case, there was no significant difference in interstory drifts between Model 1 (structure with a fixed-base assumption) and Model 2 (structure with a flexible-base on the actual site). However, a notable difference was observed in the model incorporating a soft soil layer with a flexible base, which exhibited changes in both the vibration period and interstory drifts of the structure. It was concluded that, in this case, SSI did not play a significant role for the structure built over soil with Vs greater than 360 m/s. Thus, designing based on a fully fixedbase assumption is a practical, efficient, and economical approach, especially considering that site-specific parameters are also included when determining the seismic loading on the structure. Conversely, for soil strata with Vs values between 180 and 360 m/s, the study showed that such assumptions lead to underestimations inxvii interstory drifts, seismic demands, and structural periods. Therefore, it is recommended that structural engineering efforts incorporate seismic refraction studies across various zones of the city to enhance design efficiency, particularly in areas with artificial fill or soils susceptible to liquefaction.
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    Evaluación de vulnerabilidad sísmica de edificaciones metálicas, hormigón y/o mixtas en la parroquia San Bartolomé de Pinllo, Ambato, Ecuador: propuesta de reforzamiento estructural del edificio de San Bartolomé
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2023-03) Zúñiga Zamora, Libio Vladimir; Núñez Aldas, Galo Wilfrido
    The current degree project includes two parts, the first one deals with the study of the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings by using three methodologies, two international and one national, which will be carried out using the qualitative method of rapid visual inspection of houses, using the forms by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA P - 154) standard, the Building Indexes for Seismic Risk Management of the Venezuelan Foundation for Seismological Research (FUNVISIS) and the Practical Guide for Seismic Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Structures, of the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC 2015), each methodology will assign values and vulnerability indexes, and seismic prioritization to all buildings evaluated. The project will be carried out in a sample of buildings in the parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo in the canton of Ambato, province of Tungurahua, to obtain vulnerability levels of the sector and assess the damage that may occur in buildings in an earthquake, hence the importance of proposing the research of modern systems of structural reinforcement. The buildings of the parish have vulnerabilities that are between medium-low and medium-high, which demonstrates the importance of applying these methods of rapid evaluation so that local governments can propose mitigation plans for seismic disasters. The second part of the research proposes the study of the steel building of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of San Bartolomé de Pinllo, with a special occupancy category, which is required to determine its structural behavior with the increase of two additional floors to the building, through static, linear dynamic and nonlinear analysis, respectively. To do so, three structural models of the 6-story building were applied. In the first one, linear static and dynamic analysis was developed, in which the effects of the loads and the equilibrium of the internal forces of the structure were determined, to obtain displacements and floor drifts according to the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC 15); In the second model, it was possible to determine the behavior of the structural elements with the sections considered, which make up the building, through plastic ball joints, using a non-linear static analysis (PUSHOVER), to obtain an indicator of the performance of the existing structure. In the third structural model, viscous fluid-type energy dissipators with single diagonal-type configurations were implemented. In addition, three pairs of synthetic accelerogram records were considered, each with its two horizontal components N-S and E-W, parameters necessary to analyze the structure through a nonlinear dynamic analysis (Time-History), to obtain the behavior of the structure with more real data and control its effects resulting from the increase of the two required floors, with which results of the influence of the dissipators on the structure, floor drifts, displacements and performance levels were obtained. The structural elements and the proposed reinforcement system were designed based on the American Institute of Steel Structures Code (AISC 360-10), the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE/SEI 41-17), and the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC-15). Finally, the referential cost of the proposed reinforcement system was determined.
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    Análisis estático no lineal (Push Over) de los talleres de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica y de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial, con aisladores sísmicos, ubicadas en el campus Huachi de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022) López Sánchez, Byron Leonardo; Ureña Aguirre, Maritza Elizabeth
    This research work presents a comparative analysis of the structural behavior of a conventional structure and another with the implementation of seismic isolators, which are devices that allow the building to deform elastically and dissipate energy during the occurrence of earthquakes of considerable magnitude. The structures analyzed were the workshops of the faculties of: Civil and Mechanical Engineering and Systems, Electronics and Industrial Engineering and they are classified as special according to the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC 2015), and present a structural system of special earthquake resistant gantries made of hot rolled steel with stiffening diagonals, they are also used as laboratories for the production area and as a higher education center.xxiii As a first study, a linear analysis of the structures was performed to verify their current state by analyzing their vibration period, displacements and permissible drifts, then a non-linear static analysis was performed to determine their seismic performance, and then the isolation system was pre-dimensioned. It was designed taking as a priority the ASCE/SEI 7-10 standard, the dead loads of the building plus 30 percent of the live load above the isolation system and based on the information provided by the manufacturer. It should be taken into account that there are a large number of options of anti-seismic devices to improve the performance and behavior of a structure; in this case study, the lead core elastomeric isolator (LRB) was chosen. Subsequently, all the established limits such as drifts, shear and displacements were verified, taking into account the provisions of the Ecuadorian Construction Standard. For the workshop of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering with isolated base, the floor drifts were reduced by 64 percent compared to the structure without isolation, for the basal shear and horizontal displacements a reduction of 73 and 51 percent respectively, likewise for the workshop of the Faculty of Systems, Electronics and Industrial Engineering the floor drifts, shear and displacement were reduced by 69, 74 and 63 percent respectively.