Maestría en Agronomía Mención Cambio Climático
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Item Bioecología de Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.) en el cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) en las provincias de Tungurahua y Cotopaxi(2020-09) Manobanda Moreta, Alexandra Maribel; Vásquez Freytez, Carlos LuisThe potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is considered a pest in several solanaceous species, native to North America and currently it has become more relevant in recent years due to its capacity to invade in various geographical areas, its wide range of host plants and, mainly due to their ability to transmit pathogens to plants they feed on. Given that this species has been recently reported in the country, the present study evaluated the biology, geographic distribution and intra-plant distribution of B. cockerelli in potato crops in the provinces of Tungurahua and Cotopaxi. Biology was studied in potato leaves variety Super Chola under laboratory conditions (21.2 °C and 49.6% relative humidity). Additionally, samplings were carried out in 14 localities belonging to five cantons of the Tungurahua province (Ambato, Tisaleo, Mocha, Quero and Pelileo) and in five localities of the canton of Salcedo (Cotopaxi province). The life cycle of B. cockerelli showed an average total duration of 22.93 days with a mortality rate during the egg phase with 59.6%, while in the first and fourth nymphal instars only 4.25% of mortality was verified, respectively. Regarding geographical distribution, the plague was detected in cantons of Ambato and Píllaro (Tungurahua), in which the potato psyllid was found in 7 of 14 sampled localities, representing 50.0% of the areas considered in sampling. In canton of Salcedo (Cotopaxi), it was found in three of the five sampling locations, representing 60% of positive cases for the presence of the pest. This verified distribution in the sampled areas seems to be related to the height above sea level, since the species was not found in those locations with heights close to 3,000 meters above sea level. Regarding the intra-plant distribution, wide variability was observed in the spatial distribution in the different plant strata (upper, middle and lower), which suggests that the pest shows no preference to select the substrate for oviposition and feeding. The results obtained in the present investigation lay the foundations for thexv bioecological studies of B. cockerelli in the region, however, it is suggested that similar studies be carried out to evaluate other bioecological aspects of the pest.