Psicología Clínica
Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/820
Browse
358 results
Search Results
Item SOLEDAD Y SATISFACCIÓN VITAL EN ADULTOS MAYORES INSTITUCIONALIZADOS DE AMBATO(2026-01-28) Salas Barriga, Angie Johanna; Sánchez Acosta, Adriana Carolina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between loneliness and life satisfaction in older adults. For years, loneliness has been defined as a real or imagined perception of the absence of satisfying social connections, which can generate psychological distress and low life satisfaction, leading to an increased mortality rate. The lack of intimate relationships can be understood from a multidimensional perspective that considers deficits in the individual's social support in the family, marital, and social spheres, as well as the emotional impact these gaps have on their well-being. The study methodology employed a nonexperimental, cross-sectional, correlational design. 102 OA were selected using non-probability convenience sampling, as participant selection was determined by their accessibility and willingness to participate. The ESTE-R Loneliness Scale and the SWLS Satisfaction with Life Scale were used. The results showed a negative correlation between loneliness and life satisfaction, highlighting those higher levels of life satisfaction were associated with lower levels of family loneliness. While marital loneliness was high, this dimension did not show a direct relationship with socioeconomic status. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of strengthening family and social ties, as well as implementing programs that promote emotional well-being for older adults.Item SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT Y RIESGO SUICIDA EN ADULTOS DE UNA INSTITUCIÓN PÚBLICA(2026-01-28) Quispe Tonato, Angel Steven; Guadalupe Núñez, Sara Verónica; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaBurnout syndrome and suicidal risk are problems that affect the mental health and performance of workers, since burnout, as a consequence of chronic stress, increases the likelihood of self-destructive behaviors. This research aimed to determine the relationship between burnout and suicidal risk in adults belonging to a public institution in the city of Latacunga, Ecuador. The population consisted of 138 participants, and the final sample comprised 148 members, including military, teaching, and administrative personnel. A nonprobability convenience sampling method was used, allowing for the inclusion of accessible participants who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria defined for this study. A quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional design was employed. The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Plutchik Suicide Risk Scale were administered. Regarding the results, a positive correlation was found between the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and cynicism and suicidal risk, while professional efficacy showed a negative correlation. It was observed that the majority of participants did not present suicidal risk, and only a minimal percentage did. Likewise, significant differences revealed that administrative staff exhibited a higher suicidal risk compared to military personnel. It is concluded that there is a positive relationship between two dimensions of burnout—emotional exhaustion and cynicism—and suicidal risk, such that greater burnout is associated with a higher risk of suicide.Item HERRAMIENTAS DIGITALES BASADAS EN TERAPIAS DE TERCERA GENERACIÓN PARA EL MANEJO DE SALUD MENTAL EN ADULTOS JÓVENES: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2026-01-28) Pungaña Silva, Adriana Salomé; Vargas Espín, Alba del Pilar; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaMental health problems have increased, as has the need to implement digital care tools to facilitate access. The main objective was to determine the effectiveness of digital tools. The PRISMA methodology was applied, with the following eligibility criteria: population (P) young adults; intervention (I) digital tools with a thirdgeneration approach; comparison (C) control group; outcomes (O) anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and psychological well-being. Trials in Spanish and English were included. The search was conducted from August 25 to September 5, 2025, in databases covering the years 2018 to 2025: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PsycINFO. 811 records were identified; after screening, 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with mindfulness and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) interventions were included. Digital tools based on third-generation therapies demonstrated high effectiveness on the mental health of young adults.Item CALIDAD DE VIDA EN NIÑOS Y ADOLESCENTES CON CÁNCER: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2026-01-28) Núñez Chérrez, Paula Mayerli; Ocaña Chiluisa José Miguel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThe objective of this study was to analyze the quality of life in children and adolescents with cancer, specifically leukemia, identify the most commonly used measurement instruments, and compare the most affected dimensions. A systematic review of the literature between 2019 and 2025 was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and Redalyc databases, supplemented with documents from the WHO, PAHO, and MSP. Inclusion criteria were applied for the pediatric oncology population and studies in Spanish or English that used validated instruments. The selection of articles followed the phases of the PRISMA guide. Bias assessment was performed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical CrossSectional Studies. Cross-sectional studies using the PedsQL 4.0 and PedsQL Cancer 3.0 instruments predominated. Quality of life was moderate, with the greatest impact on the school and physical dimensions, the social dimension remained moderate, and concern was the least affected. In conclusion, the evidence indicates a significant compromise in quality of life, especially in the school and physical domains, and integrated educational interventions are required during treatment and follow-up.Item REALIDAD VIRTUAL PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA ANSIEDAD SOCIAL: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2026-01-28) Molina Veintimilla, Oliver Nicolás; Morales Urrutia, Elizabeth Katalina; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaVirtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool in psychotherapy, particularly for treating social anxiety disorder (SAD). By creating immersive and customizable environments, VR enables gradual exposure to anxiety-provoking social situations in a controlled setting. This systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of VR-based psychological interventions for SAD. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in major scientific databases between August and September 2025, including randomized controlled trials published from 2016 to 2025. Eligible studies reported pre- and postintervention outcomes using validated measures. Findings indicate that VR significantly reduces social anxiety symptoms, showing comparable efficacy to traditional in vivo exposure while offering advantages such as greater accessibility, reduced discomfort, and lower costs. Self-guided VR interventions demonstrated limited effectiveness compared to therapist-supported approaches combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy. Overall, VR represents an effective and complementary resource for SAD treatment rather than a substitute for professional care. Further research is needed to standardize protocols, strengthen methodological rigor, and ensure safety across diverse clinical contexts.Item EFICACIA DE LOS CHATBOTS PARA LA DEPRESIÓN EN ADULTOS. REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA(2026-01-28) Molina Castellano, Evelyn Monserrath; Ocaña Chiluisa, José Miguel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaIn recent years, technology has driven the development of digital tools for mental health, such as chatbots, which have emerged as an alternative for providing accessible and adaptable psychological interventions. Considering this, the present research aims to establish the effectiveness of chatbots in reducing depressive symptoms in adults through a systematic review of 10 articles published between 2020 and 2025, whose full versions were available in Spanish or English. These articles were searched in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science. A detailed protocol, written according to the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Elements for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses), was established for a thorough analysis. The results suggest that the use of chatbots has the capacity to alleviate depressive symptoms in adults. Furthermore, they function effectively as a complement to other conventional methods, improving adherence to psychological treatment. These findings are consistent with previous research that has demonstrated the effectiveness of digital interventions for depression. Therefore, it is considered that future research can improve the ability to treat serious mental disorders and find strategies that increase their accessibility to more people who, due to various circumstances, do not receive adequate treatment.Item RESILIENCIA Y CALIDAD DE VIDA EN ADULTOS MAYORES INSITUCIONALIZADOS(2026-01-28) Laverde Ortiz, Erika Sofía; Gavilanes Gómez, Guillermo Daniel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaGiven the rapid aging of the population and the profound inequalities that affect the quality of life of older adults in Latin America, particularly in institutional settings, the purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between resilience and quality of life in institutionalized older adults in Ecuador. The study, which was quantitative in approach, non-experimental in design, cross-sectional in scope, and correlational in type, included a sample of 114 participants selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Two validated psychometric instruments were applied: the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale and the World Health Organization (WHO) WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire. The results revealed a high and statistically significant positive correlation between resilience and quality of life (Rho = 0.686, p < .001), which shows that greater resilience is associated with a better perception of quality of life. Regarding the levels of the variables, most participants showed a high level of resilience (44.7%) and were perceived as “very satisfied” with their quality of life (51.8%). Furthermore, no significant differences were found in resilience levels between men and women. It is concluded that resilience is a key psychosocial factor strongly associated with a better quality of life in institutionalized older adults. Therefore, strengthening this adaptive capacity is essential to promote satisfactory and dignified aging in this population, which provides valuable input for the design of effective public policies and gerontological interventions.Item PROPIEDADES PSICOMÉTRICAS DE LA ESCALA DE MOTIVACIÓN ACADÉMICA (EMA) EN ADOLESCENTES ECUATORIANOS(2026-01-28) Guamanquispe Rojano, Samuel Isaac; Tobar Viera, Andrea Susana; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaAcademic motivation is a central component in the psychoeducational development of adolescents, as it influences their involvement in school, persistence, and adaptation to the educational environment. Currently, there is no validated instrument in Ecuador that measures this construct in the adolescent population, which is why psychometric analysis in the Ecuadorian context is vitally important for developing both research and educational practice. This study analyzed the psychometric properties of the Academic Motivation Scale (AMS) in Ecuadorian adolescents, using a quantitative, nonexperimental, cross-sectional, and instrumental approach. The sample included 372 students aged 12 to 18 from different educational institutions in Cotopaxi and Tungurahua, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. It was divided into two subsamples: the first for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), which revealed a four-factor structure, and the second for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), which showed acceptable fit indices. The results showed adequate internal consistency and high reliability of the instrument, with an ω= 0.92 for the total scale. In conclusion, the instrument has adequate psychometric properties for the population studied.Item RIESGO PSICOSOCIAL Y ANSIEDAD EN TRABAJADORES DEL ÁREA DE SALUD(2026-01-28) Claudio Calvopiña, Erika Yadira; Gavilanes Gómez, Guillermo Daniel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaThe physical and mental health of healthcare workers can be affected by psychosocial risk and anxiety. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between these two variables in healthcare personnel. The research was conducted using a non-experimental, cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach and a correlational scope, in which psychosocial risk was assessed using the psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire from the Ecuadorian Ministry of Labor, and anxiety was measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). The sample was made up of workers from a hospital in central Ecuador, selected for convenience with inclusion criteria of having worked for at least six months and availability to participate. The analyses showed a significant negative relationship between psychosocial risk and anxiety (Spearman's Rho = -0.228, p = 0.010), indicating that higher anxiety is associated with lower psychosocial risk. Regarding the distribution of variables, with respect to psychosocial risk, 48.0% of participants reported a low level, 46.5% reported a medium level, and 5.5% reported a high level. With respect to anxiety, 58.3% reported mild levels, 15.7% reported moderate levels, 13.4% reported severe levels, and 12.6% reported very severe levels. These findings suggest that, within this sample, anxiety is not associated with increased psychosocial risk, and raise the need to better understand work and mental health dynamics in hospital settings to guide preventive interventions focused on promoting healthy work environments and emotional support for healthcare personnel.Item IMPULSIVIDAD Y MOTIVACIÓN ACADÉMICA EN ADOLESCENTES ESCOLARIZADOS(2026-01-28) Chasiluisa Caisaguano, Stefania Alexandra; Tobar Viera, Andrea Susana; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Psicología ClínicaImpulsivity is defined as a predisposition to respond without planning, and academic motivation refers to behavior toward academic achievement. Thus, both involve self-regulation processes that guide educational goals. The objective of the research was to analyze the relationship between impulsivity and academic motivation in school-aged adolescents. The study design is non-experimental, descriptive-correlational, and cross-sectional. Two instruments were used, the Barratt Impulsivity Scale BIS-11 and the Academic Motivation Questionnaire EMA, in a sample of 170 school-aged adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age. The results obtained showed that the dimensions of impulsivity are inversely correlated with various dimensions of academic motivation, with the highest correlations being: Unplanned impulsivity with intrinsic motivation for knowledge (p<.001), intrinsic motivation for achievement (p<.001), extrinsic motivation for external regulation (p<.001), and identified extrinsic motivation (p<.001). Similarly, in each dimension of academic motivation, medium, medium-high, and high levels were identified. Likewise, a greater presence of non-cognitive impulsivity (69.28%) was observed in adolescents. In addition, significant differences in unplanned impulsivity were found according to gender, with a greater presence in women.