Ingeniería Civil
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Item Rediseño y optimización del sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable por bombeo, mediante modelación hidráulica, para la Junta Administradora de Agua Potable de Teniente Hugo Ortíz del cantón Pastaza, provincia de Pastaza(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-06-30) Sánchez Arévalo Johann Steven; Gallardo Donoso Lidia Jhoanna; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis technical project develops the redesign and optimization of the pumped drinking water supply system for the Teniente Hugo Ortíz Drinking Water Management Board (JAAP), located in the Pastaza canton, Pastaza province, using hydraulic modeling. The parish presents critical deficiencies in the existing system, including recurring mechanical failures of the 3 HP submersible pump, deterioration of the storage tank, intermittent water supply, a complete lack of treatment, and pressures below the minimum regulatory requirements in several sectors of the network. The methodology was structured in three phases. The first phase comprised a diagnostic assessment using RTK and drone topographic surveys, flow measurements over three months, field pressure measurements, and physicochemical and bacteriological analyses, determining that the water source does not comply with NTE INEN 1108 due to the presence of total and fecal coliforms. The second phase established the design parameters for 30 years: current population of 347 inhabitants, future projection of 570 inhabitants using the arithmetic method (r = 2.14%), future allocation of 130 Lt/hab/day, average daily flow of 1.03 Lt/s, maximum daily flow of 1.29 Lt/s and maximum hourly flow of 3.09 Lt/s. Using these values, the intake, gravity-fed conveyance line (Ø 58.2 mm, L = 45 m), pumping line (Ø 57 mm, L = 307 m), drip chlorination system with 70% calcium hypochlorite (0.26 kg/day), and a 60 m³ reinforced concrete circular storage tank (D = 7 m, h = 2.50 m) were designed in accordance with ACI 350-06 and NEC-15. The distribution network was also modeled using hydraulic modeling software. The third phase involved the preparation of the plans. The static and dynamic hydraulic analysis of the distribution network showed that the 107 pipe sections and nodes designed comply with the velocity (0.25–2.5 m/s) and pressure (7–50 mca) criteria established by the CPE INEN 5 standard, identifying points with high pressures in low areas of the route admissible up to 70 mca due to the topography, insufficient pressures at the ends of the branch of the Vía al Tena and negative pressures in the final sector of the Vía al Puyo that require specific interventions.Item Diseño de la red de distribución de agua potable para la junta administradora de agua del Caserío Lacón de la parroquia San Bartolomé de Pinllo, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-27) Guerrero Acurio Juan Pablo; Guevara Robalino Jorge Javier; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe purpose of this project is to develop the comprehensive design of the potable water distribution network for the Lacón community, located in the parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo, Ambato canton. Currently, the community faces deficiencies in the continuity of the potable water service, which has motivated the need to implement a technically updated system in accordance with current regulations. The study was carried out in three main stages. The first consisted of a detailed topographic survey, using GNSS equipment and processing in AutoCAD Civil 3D, which made it possible to obtain contour lines and define the optimal layout of the network. In the second stage, the design parameters were established, including population projections using arithmetic, geometric, and exponential methods; the determination of current and future water demand; and the calculation of the design flows (QMD and QMH), based on actual consumption data provided by the Water Board and in accordance with INEN standards. In addition, a socioeconomic analysis was conducted through user surveys, which revealed that although most residents perceive the service as “good,” issues related to continuity, pressure fluctuations, and isolated turbidity events persist. These findings justify the need for a complete restructuring of the system. In the third stage, hydraulic modeling was carried out using WaterGEMS, validating pressures, velocities, and head losses under maximum daily and maximum hourly flow conditions. The results demonstrated that the proposed network complies with technical requirements, ensuring an efficient and continuous water supply. Finally, the construction plans, referential budget, and technical specifications were developed, consolidating a functional, safe, and sustainable design proposal that meets the present and future needs of the Lacón community.Item Optimización de la red de distribución de agua potable para los sectores de Miñarica arriba y Yaculoma, parroquia santa rosa, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-20) Zurita Montes de Oca Klever Alexis; Paredes Beltrán Bolívar Eduardo; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis thesis presents the optimization of the potable water distribution network serving the communities of Miñarica Arriba and Yaculoma in the Santa Rosa parish, Ambato. The project is developed through three main phases: topographic surveying, hydraulic and physical assessment of the existing system, and the design of an improved distribution network. The initial phase involved detailed fieldwork using georeferenced equipment, drone imaging, and cadastral surveys to accurately characterize the current infrastructure and its operational conditions. The second phase focused on analyzing the system's hydraulic performance, including population estimation, water demand characterization, flow calculations, and hydraulic simulations under both static and dynamic conditions. These analyses revealed deficiencies in pressure levels, flow velocities, and pipe dimensions, largely due to the age of the network and the incremental modifications made over several decades. Finally, an optimized distribution system was proposed, improving pressure distribution, adjusting pipe diameters, and enhancing operational reliability. The redesigned network provides better service continuity, reduces inefficiencies, and ensures adequate water supply for current and future users, offering a technically consistent and sustainable solution for the study area.Item Optimización de la red de distribución de agua potable que se utiliza en los sectores San Pablo y El Quinche, parroquia Santa Rosa, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-19) Pérez Pullugando Jennifer Aracelly; Castro Solorzano Fidel Alberto; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis study presents the diagnosis, redesign, and optimization of the potable water distribution system for the sectors of San Pablo and El Quinche, located in the parish of Santa Rosa. The initial assessment revealed significant deficiencies in the existing network, including structural deterioration, inadequate pipe diameters, operational inconsistencies, and alignment through private properties, which complicates maintenance and compromise service continuity. Population projections and water demand estimates were carried out based on recognized methodologies and standards for cold-climate regions. These parameters were used to determine the design flows required for hydraulic modeling. The system was evaluated through both static and dynamic simulations, the latter incorporating an hourly consumption curve suitable for small communities, enabling a more accurate representation of operational conditions throughout the day. A new network layout was proposed along public roads to ensure accessibility, reduce conflicts with private land, and improve maintenance efficiency. Material selection was based on commercial availability, operational reliability, and adequate pressure resistance. The optimized design demonstrated significant improvements in pressure distribution, flow velocities, and system performance during peak demand hours. Additionally, Unit Price Analyses were developed using official labor rates and updated material prices, incorporating indirect costs to ensure a realistic and sustainable budget. The resulting proposal offers a technically feasible and efficient solution that enhances service quality, strengthens hydraulic performance, and ensures a reliable potable water supply for the beneficiary population over the medium and long term.Item Optimización de la red de distribución de agua potable del sector Cruz de Mayo de la junta regional Nueva Vida, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-14) Arroba Sánchez Kevin Giovanni; Soria Pugo María Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThe present degree work was carried out in the Cruz de Mayo neighborhood, located in the Quero canton, in the province of Tungurahua. The potable water distribution system currently operating in this sector was built approximately 40 years ago, without prior technical studies or formal planning processes. Initially, the infrastructure was designed solely to supply the Cruz de Mayo and San Antonio neighborhoods; however, over time it was expanded empirically to also provide water to the Yayulihui neighborhood. In the specific case of Cruz de Mayo, the system serves 143 users, which has generated operational limitations: excessively high pressures in the final sections, low pressures in critical points, reduced velocities that promote sedimentation, and in general, a performance that does not respond to the current demographic growth. These conditions justify the need to optimize the system, and this project represents the first technical step toward achieving it. To address this, information was collected regarding the physical and operational conditions of the main components: the chlorination tank, storage tank, pipeline network, pressurereducing tanks, and valves. This assessment made it possible to identify natural infrastructure deterioration and the points where system operation is compromised. Additionally, a topographic survey was carried out through photogrammetry, enabling the generation of a 4.3 km² surface model and the georeferencing of system elements and household connections. The hydraulic parameters required for modeling were also compiled, including pipeline diameters and layout through field inspections, and demands obtained from monthly consumption records. With this information, a hydraulic model of the existing system was developed using WaterCAD software, allowing for an evaluation of its real performance. The results show that only 59.46% of the nodes operate within the normative pressure range, and only 8.89% of the pipes present adequate velocities, confirming the need for technical intervention. Based on this diagnosis, two optimization alternatives were proposed. The first maintains most of the existing infrastructure and intervenes only in the most critical sectors, achieving an optimization of 37.31% of the system. This proposal significantly improves hydraulic parameters, reaching 90.48% of nodes within the normative range and 32% of pipes operating with adequate velocities. The second alternative proposes a redesign of the layout, relocating the network towards public roads in accordance with current regulations. This approach xviii requires intervening 85.86% of the system and results in 92.86% of nodes within the permitted pressure range and 38.78% of pipes operating at adequate velocities.Item Análisis experimental del uso de agua potable y agua de acequia del sector el Galpón ubicado en Quisapincha perteneciente al cantón Ambato, provincia Tungurahua en la mezcla de hormigón para determinar la influencia en la resistencia a compresión(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2026-01-14) Estrella Riera Karol Antonella; Pérez Maldonado Ruth Lorena; Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica-Carrera de Ingeniería CivilThis experimental study investigates how the use of irrigation water from the El Galpón sector, located in the Quisapinçha parish of the Ambato canton, can serve as an alternative to potable water for the production of conventional concrete. The study focused on how the type of water used affects compressive strength, considering two different mixes with design strengths of f’c = 240 kg/cm² and f’c = 210 kg/cm². For this purpose, cylindrical concrete specimens were prepared, cured, and tested at 7 and 28 days. This methodology complies with the Ecuadorian technical standard NTE INEN 1573, which regulates this type of test. Tests indicate that samples made with potable water exhibited superior mechanical performance, achieving average compressive strengths of 299.12 kg/cm² and 262.07 kg/cm² at 28 days for the 240 kg/cm² and 210 kg/cm² mixtures, respectively. These results significantly exceeded the design specifications. Conversely, mixtures using irrigation ditch water reached 170.63 kg/cm² and 205.27 kg/cm² after 28 days. This represents a decrease of approximately 23.75% and 7.25% compared to the mixtures made with potable water, demonstrating a significant reduction in final strength and non-compliance with minimum regulatory requirements. The results indicate that, while irrigation ditch water allows for a mixture with a suitable appearance and satisfactory initial setting, it does not guarantee the final strength required for structural components. This compromises the safety and durability of structures. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of irrigation wastewater for structural concrete is not recommended; it can only be used for non-structural purposes and under strict technical control. This analysis emphasizes the importance of examining the quality of water used in concrete production, as it confirms that this component has a direct impact on the material's mechanical properties and the structural reliability of buildings.Item Diseño de la tubería de conducción de agua para la junta administradora de agua del caserío lacón de la parroquia San Bartolomé de Pinllo, cantón Ambato, 0+000 km – 6+000 km(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Farinango Quishpe Marlon Leonel; Portilla Yandun Favio PaulThe main objective of this technical project is the design of a drinking water transmission pipeline for the Lacón hamlet, which belongs to the parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo, Ambato canton, Tungurahua province. The project covers an initial section of 6 km from the water catchment source. This proposal was developed as a solution to current issues such as leaks, inadequate pressures, and outdated infrastructure, which directly affect the local population's access to quality water. The methodology was divided into three stages. First, an inspection of the study area was carried out, during which the water source was identified, the flow rate was measured using the volumetric method, and water quality was analyzed through physicochemical laboratory tests. Socioeconomic surveys were also applied to users to gather information on water consumption and their opinion about the service. Next, a topographic survey of the proposed pipeline route was conducted using GNSS equipment with the RTK method. The data were processed in AutoCAD Civil 3D to define the route and longitudinal profiles of the terrain. Finally, based on this information, the hydraulic design was developed, considering aspects such as pressures, head losses, flow velocity, and water hammer effects. Components such as pressure-break chambers and air and purge valves were also determined, adapting to the area's topography. The proposed design ensures an efficient and continuous potable water supply for the Lacón hamlet, improving the quality of life for its inhabitants. A 90 mm diameter, 4.3 mm thick Plastigama brand PVC pipe will be used, capable of withstanding up to 1.25 MPa. Water will be conveyed at a velocity of 0.45 m/s, ensuring an adequate flow, and minimizing the risk of sedimentation. In conclusion, this solution is adaptable to population growth and ensures the long-term durability of the system.Item Optimización del sistema de distribución de agua potable del barrio “Cuilche Miño”, cantón Latacunga para garantizar la eficiencia del servicio(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Toaquiza Pila Anderson Israel; Maldonado Narváez Lenin RafaelThis technical project was carried out in the neighborhood of Cuilche Miño, located in the parish of San Juan de Pastocalle, Latacunga canton, Cotopaxi province. The potable water distribution system (PWDS) in the area was built in 2003 to serve 95 users; however, it currently supplies 225 users, far exceeding its original design capacity. This situation, along with the imminent end of the system’s design life (25 years) and the unplanned expansions executed without technical oversight, has led to operational deficiencies such as overpressures, low flow velocities, and inadequate service quality. Therefore, a detailed study and a viable solution for this sector became necessary. The process began with the collection of baseline information, including a topographic survey using RTK and a detailed inventory of the existing infrastructure. Subsequently, the entire hydraulic infrastructure of the network was evaluated to determine its current condition. Additionally, through computational hydraulic modeling under static and dynamic conditions, deficiencies such as overpressures, inadequate velocities, and critical nodes were identified. Finally, an optimization proposal was developed, based on regulatory criteria, which included a detailed hydraulic design, unit price analysis, and a referential investment budget. The diagnostic phase identified physical deterioration in key components of the system. The hydraulic modeling showed overpressures in most nodes and low velocities in a large portion of the network. As a result, a comprehensive redesign of the PWDS was proposed, with a 25- year design period and a projected future population of 1242 inhabitants. The new network includes 12.78 km of PVC pipelines, covering a total area of 180 hectares. Furthermore, efficient performance was achieved: 98% of nodes and over 78% of pipelines operate within the technical parameters established by national regulations, effectively controlling overpressures and excessive velocities to ensure a high-quality, continuous, and sustainable service for the Cuilche Miño neighborhood.Item Diseño de la tubería de conducción de agua para la junta administradora de agua del caserío Lacón de la parroquia San Bartolomé de Pinllo, cantón Ambato, 6+000km-12+000km(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Pérez Moreno Rubén Alejandro; Paredes Beltrán Bolívar EduardoThe main objective of this titling project is the design of the drinking water pipeline of the Water Administration Board of the Lacon hamlet, in the section between km 6,000 and km 12,000 milestones, in the parish of San Bartolomé de Pinllo, Ambato canton. To this end, a detailed study was prepared that included a high-precision topographic survey, a complete hydraulic design, the analysis of the transient pressures caused by the water hammer and the verification of the regulatory parameters established by the National Institute of Environmental Studies (NTE INEN) 1108 and the MAATE guidelines. The hydraulic design was based on the Darcy-Weisbach formula, which allows for a better calculation of the pressure losses that occur in the system, considering the properties of the fluid, the material of the piping and the flow regime. It was established that the total pressure loss should not exceed 20 meters and that the available piezometric height guarantees continuous supply throughout the network. In addition, the analysis of overpressure due to water hammer was used, whose maximum value was 18.21 m. This played a key role in determining the pressure class of the pipe and integrating the hydraulic protection devices. The network simulation was designed with EPANET, and the topographic and longitudinal design was carried out with Autodesk Civil 3D, among other tools used to model the system. This confirmed the technical, hydraulic and economic feasibility of the proposed pipeline system. It is concluded that the design is effective, safe and adapts to the topographical conditions of the area and constitutes an efficient way to supply drinking water to the population of the Lacón hamlet, which will contribute to the sustainable development of the communityItem Optimización de la red de distribución de agua potable para la Junta Administradora de Agua Potable y Saneamiento "Los Pinos", del cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua(Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera Ingeniería Civil, 2025) Villalva Machado Roberto Steven; Maria Gabriela Soria PugoDrinking water is a vital resource for human life. This study addresses the optimization of the drinking water distribution network in the Los Pinos Water and Sanitation Administration Board in Patate, Tungurahua. Similar studies in neighboring countries indicate problems with supply, storage, and poor service quality. In the case of Ecuador, this is evident as population growth continues. The objective is to improve the efficiency of the current system and project its capacity to serve a growing population and ensure an efficient and sustainable supply. The study is based on a mixed methodology, through field visits to collect data on the physical and hydraulic conditions as well as the quality of service of the current Drinking Water Distribution System (SDAP). Subsequently, the design parameters are evaluated and optimized using national regulations to finally use modeling tools to design an optimized network that could meet the current and future needs of the community. The results showed that the existing distribution network has problems with pressure, flow, and coverage for current demand, which can be improved by reconfiguring the network and implementing additional infrastructure. The proposed optimization includes sectorization of the network and the use of meshed and/or branched networks, which offer greater versatility and redundancy. This would not only improve supply efficiency but also ensure the network's ability to adapt to fluctuations in demand. The proposed improvements ensure that the system can meet both present and future needs and comply with the regulations and quality standards of Patate's national regulations. This study highlights the importance of having a well-planned and managed distribution system to promote the well-being and development of the Water Board.