Enfermería
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Item CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LAS PERSONAS SOBREVIVIENTES DE CÁNCER(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-04) Bonilla Sánchez, María Eugenia; Guarate Coronado, Yeisy CristinaIntroduction: Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide, with around 18 million new cases per year. In Latin America there are 2.8 million cases and 1.3 million deaths per year. In Ecuador, 20% of people develop cancer before the age of 75. Survival has improved, currently reaching 70%. However, survivors have an impact on their quality of life due to anxiety, depression and insomnia after treatment. Methods: Qualitative study of descriptive scope and with a phenomenological approach. The sample was made up of 7 adult participants in remission or cured from the Picaihua Parish. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed according to grounded theory, identifying categories in the work, family, economic and psychological spheres. Results: The results show difficulties in the workplace for reimbursement due to decreased energy and physical capacity; In the family, union and support are strengthened; In the economic sphere, a high burden of medical expenses is generated; and in the psychological, greater emotional susceptibility. Conclusion: We conclude that overcoming cancer involves a complex transition, with multidimensional impacts. Maintaining a positive attitude, spiritual support and motivation are key. Family support is crucial to mitigate suffering, and specific impacts on work, family, economic and psychological matters are highlighted. Resilience, spirituality and multidisciplinary support are essential for the comprehensive adaptation of the survivor.Item INTERVENCIONES DE ENFERMERIA EN EL DETERIORO DE REGULACION DEL ESTADO DE ANIMO EN ADULTOS MAYORES(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-04) Molina Peralta, Rodney Misael; Espín López, Valeria IsabelIntroduction: The high prevalence of mood impairment disorders in older adults with dementia leads to negative effects on quality of life. Doll Therapy or dollassisted therapy is proposed as a non-pharmacological intervention for this condition, based on theories of attachment, transitional object, and personcentered approach. Objective. Determine the effect of nursing interventions on the deterioration of mood regulation in older adults. Methodology. Quantitative, quasiexperimental and longitudinal study, conducted in 18 institutionalized older adults with dementia. The Mini Mental Test and the Differential Inventory of Adjectives for Mood State (IDDA-EA) were applied before and after the intervention with Doll Therapy for 4 weeks, with 3 weekly sessions lasting 60 minutes each. Results. The participants presented dementia according to the Mini Mental Test. The pre-intervention IDDA-EA revealed low levels of activation, elevated levels of stress and decreased arousal. After Doll Therapy, statistically significant improvements were found in the activation dimension (p=0.025), reflecting an increase in energy, interest, and disposition levels. Conclusion. Doll Therapy proved to be an effective nursing intervention to improve mood regulation in institutionalized older adults with dementia, specifically in the activation dimension. It is recommended to extend the application time to consolidate positive effects on the dimensions of stress and arousal.Item CALIDAD DE VIDA EN ADULTOS MAYORES AGRICULTORES CON DOLOR CRÓNICO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Gaibor Lezano, Holguer Alejandro; Espín López, Valeria IsabelIntroduction: A relevant component that harms the level of quality of life is the appearance of illnesses associated with pain, especially in adult farmers. The repetitive effort, the maintenance of an incorrect posture, the working conditions and especially in the agricultural environment, I think that your health is deteriorating. Objective: Determine the association of the quality of life of older farmers with chronic pain. Methods: Research with a quantitative focus, observational-transversal design and correlational scope, the population was carried out by older adults who attended the Greater Adult Club “Virgen del Guápulo”, whose sample consisted of 23 people selected through intentional probabilistic sampling based on inclusion and inclusion criteria exclusion, whichever applies three instruments: a sociodemographic survey, the Latineen Index that evaluates chronic pain and quality of life WHOQOL-BREF. Results: The majority of older adults showed moderate pain level (69.6%), regular quality of life (64.7%). The bilateral significance value of the Chi squared test of Verosimilitud Ratio is 0.038<0.05. Conclusions: The investigator's alternative hypothesis is accepted; to decide, if there is an association between the quality of life and the level of pain that adult farmers present.Item CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LA POBLACIÓN ADULTA MAYOR INSTITUCIONALIZADA. ECUADOR(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Chicaiza Ganan, Yadira Fernanda; Macías Ferreiro, KarinaQuality of life is a concept that can encompass various levels, visualizing biological, economic, social, and psychological demands from an individual to a community level, and is related to aspects of social well-being. This study aims to assess the quality of life of institutionalized elderly individuals at the CAIAM Integral Care Center in Cantón Patate. A quantitative, descriptive, and crosssectional investigation was conducted with a sample of 70 participants. The demographic characteristics indicate that most elderly individuals were between 81 and 90 years old, with 70% being women and 47.1% married. In terms of quality of life, it is mostly described as moderate, varying according to age, sex, and marital status. Regarding physical health, 59% reported a poor quality of life, 51% were dissatisfied with their lifestyle, 39% experienced physical pain during daily activities, 48% required medical treatment to function, 39% enjoyed life, and 36% had difficulty concentrating. After the analysis, it was observed that women are more prone to institutionalization than men. However, it could not be established that men have a better quality of life than women. The importance of continuing to implement policies and programs that promote the well-being and rights of this vulnerable population was highlighted.Item AUTOCUIDADO Y CALIDAD DE VIDA EN ADULTOS MAYORES: UNA REVISION DE LA LITERATURA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Capuz Toalombo, Andrea Paola; Rojas Conde, Luis GeovannyObjective: Analyze the results of self-care and quality of life of older adults through a bibliographic review. Method: Literature review study, with documentary and descriptive design, following the guidelines of the updated PRISMA guide. The search was carried out in scientific databases such as PubMed, MedlinePlus, BVS, Scielo and Google Scholar, using descriptors in Health Sciences. In addition, inclusion criteria were applied with original articles and case studies published between 2018-2023 in English and Spanish, with free access and with a rigorous methodological process. Results: The analysis of 56 articles revealed that self-care practices are associated with improvements in the quality of life of older adults. Key factors were identified such as regular physical activity, a balanced diet, adequate management of chronic medical conditions, and maintenance of active social networks. Studies showed a positive correlation between the level of self-care and various quality of life indicators, including functional independence, psychological well-being, and life satisfaction. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that self-care plays a fundamental role in the quality of life of older adults. Interventions that promote healthy habits, adaptation to change, and social connection appear to be particularly effective. The implementation of self-care promotion programs in primary care and community services is recommended to promote active and healthy aging.Item ESPIRITUALIDAD DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA ENFERMERA EN CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-28) Iza Arias, Joselyn Mireya; Fernández Nieto, Miriam IvonneIntroduction: the application of palliative care at the end of life aims to provide comfort, quality, pain relief and a dignified death to patients, however, another important point to address is spirituality which seeks to provide peace and tranquility to the patient. soul. Objective: to analyze the knowledge and care about spirituality from the nursing perspective in palliative care. Methods: systematic review obtained by reviewing scientific articles and applying the PRISMA method. Results: selection and analysis of 17 scientific articles that meet the inclusion criteria. Discussion: This article supports the perspectives on spirituality that nursing staff have in palliative care, as well as their barriers and actions to be used in these situations. Conclusions: Spirituality represents a primary focus within palliative care and nursing staff must be prepared to meet the needs of patients and devise actions that allow them to remove the barriers that compromise their correct action.Item ATENCIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA EN PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS CON CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-28) Cañaveral Estrella, Nieves Liseth; López Pérez, Grace PamelaIntroduction: Cancer continues to be a problem in health care, especially in cancer patients with terminal diagnoses, the execution of palliative care is aimed at improving the quality of life by providing a dignified death. Objective: Describe nursing care in cancer patients with palliative care. Methodology: Systematic review in selected studies or investigations through the application of the PRISMA method. Results: Selection and analysis of 16 original and review articles that meet the selection criteria under reliable supports. Discussion: The number of selected articles supports the importance of nursing care in cancer patients, describes the symptoms present regardless of the type of cancer the patient presents, and also explains the degree of patient satisfaction with the interventions carried out. by nursing. Conclusions: Palliative care has become a fundamental point in the care of patients with oncological diseases, nursing has a fundamental role where their care is focused on physical, psychological and emotional well-being to offer comfort to both the patient and their family until the end of the day. end of life Palliative care focuses on the integrality of the patient's quality of life.Item Experiencias de la comunicación terapéutica entre el personal de enfermería y familiares en neonatología(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermeria, 2023-09-01) Campos López, Victoria Estefanía; López Pérez, Grace Pamela Lcda. Mg.The present research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the physiotherapeutic interventions applied through telerehabilitation to the patients of the Physical Therapy laboratory of the Technical University of Ambato, who had to accept this treatment modality due to the measures taken by the government to prevent the spread of SARS CoV-2 (COVID 19); For which, a total of 38 clinical records stored in the laboratory's database were analyzed, under a non-experimental and retrospective methodology with a qualitative-quantitative approach, taking into account the results of the first evaluations and reevaluations carried out on the patients. patients during their treatment. The results of the pain assessment with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the SF- 12 Health Questionnaire, allowed determining the effectiveness of telerehabilitation, finding significant statistical data that show that the application of physical therapy sessions through Virtual platforms help to reduce pain and symptomatology of patients, thus positively influencing the improvement of their quality of life and their reintegration to their activities of daily life.Item Conocimiento materno sobre el tamizaje metabólico neonatal(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-12) Caiza Ango, Tatiana Belén; Sánchez Zurita, Mayra AlexandraIntroduction: The research starts from formulating the objective of determining the level of Maternal Knowledge about Neonatal Screening, which allowed knowing the importance of this procedure for the timely detection of metabolic diseases in newborn children. In the materials and methods, the research has a quantitative approach, descriptive type with cross-section, it was carried out in a specific time and space, in the facilities of the Ambato Regional Teaching Hospital, a survey was applied to 60 patients: the method was inductive- deductive. The results obtained were at first that most of the mothers did not know what it consisted of, what it was for, and where it could be carried out: once trained through dissemination to each of them, the situation changed radically, all of them presented their interest and concern for performing this test to protect the health of their children and improve their quality of life. In the conclusions, it can be highlighted that there was a total lack of knowledge on the subject, which allowed applying a questionnaire before and after the training and evaluating at the end the knowledge of the process on the part of the mothers.Item Calidad de vida de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica sometidos a hemodiálisis(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-07) Escobar Morocho, Dayana Lisbeth; Ramírez López, Diego IvánIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive pathology that compromises the quality of life of patients both physically and mentally, for them it is essential to use self-care methods and unconditional support from nursing staff. Methods: Correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach in the period September 2021 - February 2022. Population of 71 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis at Hospital General Ambato (IESS). An SF-12 Health questionnaire was used to assess the state of physical and mental health, in addition, it presents satisfaction scores between 0 to 100 that determine the quality of life. Results: The analysis of the SF-12 questionnaire applied to patients with chronic kidney disease, it was obtained that 50% of the patients have a problem in the state of health, because there were factors with a greater problem in physical function (role physical, bodily pain) and mental function (psychological health, social function). Conclusion: Physical health and mental health show that a large part of the population under study with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis do not enjoy an adequate quality of life.