Carrera de Biotecnología

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34800

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Subject: search.filters.subject.BIOLOGÍA MOLECULAR

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Análisis de variantes de splicing y factores de transcripción (HSF1, CBP y Sp1) en la evolución de la enfermedad de Huntington
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Silva Gamboa, Christopher Joel; Galarza Galarza, Cristian Fernando
    Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the expansion of CAG repeats in the HTT (Huntingtin) gene, leading to significant molecular dysfunctions. In the present study, the impact of splicing variants (SV) and transcription factors (TF) on disease progression was investigated using an in-silico approach with sequencing data based on RNA-seq technologies. Differential splicing variants were identified and their possible influence on the generation of aberrant HTT gene isoforms was analysed. Among these variants, the 109CAG condition showed a particularly severe impact on mRNA processing, primarily affecting huntingtin protein stability. In addition, the functional networks of the HSF1, CBP, and Sp1 factors were constructed and analysed. CBP and Sp1 emerged as central nodes, indicating that they play key roles in global epigenetic and genetic regulation, while HSF1 does not show significant connections with the others. These results suggest that interactions between SVs and TFs exacerbate cellular dysfunction, contributing to HD progression. Finally, the research concludes that both splicing variants and transcription factors represent critical components in HD pathogenesis. These findings provide a solid basis for exploring therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating these molecular processes.
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    Evaluación in silico de microbiomas intestinales para identificar biomarcadores específicos en enfermedades de Crohn y Celíaca usando técnicas de metagenómica comparativa
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Lucero Chisaguano, Israel Joel; Galarza Galarza, Cristian Fernando
    Understanding the intestinal microbiota is crucial for advancing the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease (CDr) and Celiac disease (CD). This study employs comparative metagenomics techniques to identify specific biomarkers to differentiate these pathologies. The results highlight the relevance of microbial dysbiosis as a common factor, but also highlight significant differences in the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiota in each disease, which will advance the understanding of these pathologies, and create opportunities for the development of diagnostic tools and innovative therapies. The analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene samples, processed with the QIIME2 tool under strict sample quality criteria. In parallel, the impact of sex was evaluated by analyzing significant variations in beta microbial diversity in patients with CDr. Functional analysis performed with PICRUSt revealed specific metabolic pathways related to inflammation in CD and oxidative stress in rCD. Microbial differences observed showed an increase in Proteobacteria, along with reductions in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. In addition, biomarkers were identified in common such as, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospiraceae, and specific ones such as Alistipes in CDr and Lachnoanaerobaculum in CD. These results validate metagenomics as a tool to explore the microbiome-disease relationship, facilitating early diagnosis and the design of personalized therapies aimed at restoring microbial balance, marking a significant milestone in the development of precision medicine for inflammatory bowel diseases.
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    Evaluación in silico de microbiomas intestinales para identificar biomarcadores específicos en enfermedades de Crohn y Celíaca usando técnicas de metagenómica comparativa
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) López Herrera, Alan Joshua; Galarza Galarza, Cristian Fernando
    Understanding the intestinal microbiota is crucial for advancing the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease (CDr) and Celiac disease (CD). This study employs comparative metagenomics techniques to identify specific biomarkers to differentiate these pathologies. The results highlight the relevance of microbial dysbiosis as a common factor, but also highlight significant differences in the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiota in each disease, which will advance the understanding of these pathologies, and create opportunities for the development of diagnostic tools and innovative therapies. The analysis was performed using 16S rRNA gene samples, processed with the QIIME2 tool under strict sample quality criteria. In parallel, the impact of sex was evaluated by analyzing significant variations in beta microbial diversity in patients with CDr. Functional analysis performed with PICRUSt revealed specific metabolic pathways related to inflammation in CD and oxidative stress in rCD. Microbial differences observed showed an increase in Proteobacteria, along with reductions in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. In addition, biomarkers were identified in common such as, Faecalibacterium and Lachnospiraceae, and specific ones such as Alistipes in CDr and Lachnoanaerobaculum in CD. These results validate metagenomics as a tool to explore the microbiome-disease relationship, facilitating early diagnosis and the design of personalized therapies aimed at restoring microbial balance, marking a significant milestone in the development of precision medicine for inflammatory bowel diseases.
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    Evaluación in silico de la influencia de la heterogeneidad tumoral en la evolución clonal del cáncer de mama
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2025-02) Caicedo Albán, Samantha Lizbeth; Galarza Galarza, Cristian Fernando
    The present study seeks to understand the influence of tumor heterogeneity on cancer progression and metastasis development, proposing a starting point for personalized treatment. Data from breast cancer were used, with sequences from samples belonging to primary tumors and tumors in the lymph nodes. Bioinformatics techniques were applied for processing, and differential expression analysis was used to identify genes that were expressed in each of the experimental conditions. Interaction networks were represented to identify the different interactions of elite genes with other genes. The functionality of these genes was validated using the functional enrichment technique to identify the role that these genes play in cell integrity and homeostasis. A search for variants was performed with the selected genes to identify the influence that these genes have on the development and progression of metastasis. Tumor heterogeneity on clonal evolution was evaluated by analyzing the influence of the variants of each type of tumor, observing that GL has a higher incidence on metastasis compared to TP.
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    Estandarización del método PMAxxTM qPCR para la cuantificación de la carga viable de Salmonella spp. en contenido cecal de origen avícola
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencia e Ingeniería en Alimentos y Biotecnología. Carrera de Biotecnología, 2022-03) Corrales Martínez, Joselyn Griselda; Calero Cáceres, William Ricardo
    Currently, the standardization and validation of quantitative molecular techniques such as qPCR are important for the quality assurance and research sectors. Especially, the standardization of qPCR protocols for the detection of Salmonella spp. is essential, due to the impact it has on the health of the population. The present work aimed to standardize the PMAxxTM-based qPCR method for the detection and quantification of viable cells of S. infantis in poultry cecal content samples. First, staining with PMAxx bacterial viability stain (Trademark) of pure Salmonella culture samples was performed to inhibit the signal of non-viable cells. After DNA extraction with two different kits, a bank of serial dilutions was made, which were used for the construction of standard curves using the Illumina Eco Thermal Cycler (Trademark) Real-Time PCR System. In the analysis of the results, the concentration and volume of dye used significantly inhibited the signal of dead cells. The standard curves obtained with the two DNA extraction kits showed a high linearity greater than 0.99 and a limit of quantification of Ct 31.4. However, the best efficiency was obtained with the QIAamp Fast DNA Stool Mini Kit, which was 84.99 percent. Therefore, the optimization of the method obtained with this kit was used because it had acceptable yield values for the subsequent quantification of S. infantis in samples of poultry cecal contents.