Tesis Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia
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Item Efecto del polen, lactosa y su combinación en los órganos inmunes y sobre las poblaciones microbianas cecales de pollos broilers(2019-03) Chico Robalino, Carlos Gustavo; Montero Recalde, Mayra AndreaIn the present investigation, the effect of pollen, lactose and its interaction on lymphoid organs and cecal microbial population in broilers of Cobb 500 genetic line was evaluated. The study was carried out preparing four diets, the first T0 without any additive, the second T1 with 0.5% pollen, the third T2 with 2.5% lactose and finally the fourth T3 with the combination of the two aforementioned additives and at the same concentration. The experimental diets were administered only during the first two stages of development (pre-initial and initial). 40 animals were used for the analysis, with 10 experimental units for each diet. On day 14 an animal of each experimental unit was sacrificed to take length, weight and pH of the organs of the digestive tract. ADEVA Variance Analysis and Tukey test were used to process the data collected in relation to lymphoid organs and colony forming treatments (CFU) of the bacteria. In the study of the morphometric indices (I.M.), significant differences were found between the means of the treatments in the I.M. Bursa (P = 0.0199), where the best treatment was T1 (0.5% pollen). In the case of I.M. Spleen and I.M. Thymus, no statistical significance was observed between the means of the treatments (P> 0.05) respectively. As for the relationship between organs like; Bursa / Spleen, Bursa / Timo and Timo / Spleen, no statistical difference was found for any treatment (P> 0.05). Within the colony forming units, for enterobacteria, statistical significance was observed between treatments (P <0.05), being the best T2 (2.5% lactose), while for UFC of E. coli it was observed that both T2 (2.5% lactose) and T3 (0.5% pollen + 2.5% lactose) acted in a similar way reducing their number in the cecum.Item Efecto de polen, lactosa y su combinación sobre la digestibilidad e integridad de la mucosa en pollos Broiler(2018) Escobar Aguilar, Pablo Milton; Rosero Peñaherrera, MarcoThe objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the effect of pollen, lactose and its combination on the digestibility and integrity of the mucosa in broiler chickens (Cobb 500 of 1 day of age), up to 15 days of age. The variables evaluated were digestibility of nutrients and impact on the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. The treatments used were the following: T1: (control) 0% without the inclusion of pollen and lactose compared with T2: 0.5% pollen, T3: 2.5% lactose and T4: 0.5% pollen plus 2.5% of lactose in the diet. A randomized block design with four treatments and four repetitions was used, as well as an analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5%, with the statistical program SAS 2000. The results obtained for dry matter digestibility (DMS) and Organic matter digestibility (BMD) did not show significant differences between treatments (P = 0.0978 and P = 0.6031). The Digestibility of Crude Protein and Fat were higher (P = 0.0261 and (P = <0001) for T3 with related values of (74.40, 97.31) respectively, as for the determination of the height of the intestinal villi (A ), showed significant differences between treatments (P = 0.0115), where the treatment T2 and T3 had a longer length with values of (0.95 and 0.98 respectively), however the T4 presented a similar behavior in relation to the rest of treatments with a value of 0.76 In reference to the width of the villi and the depth of the crypts, all the treatments did not show differences (P = 0.4026) .The relationship between the length, width and depth of the intestinal villi gave as greater significance (P = 0.0049) for T2 and T3 with a similar value of 0.56, therefore it is concluded that the inclusion of 0.5% pollen and 2.5% lactose in diets is viable for better digestibility and impact on the intestinal mucosa in Broiler chickens, as an alternative to reduce or eliminate the use of antibiotics as growth promoters.Item Efecto del polen, lactosa y su combinación sobre los parámetros productivos y digestivos en pollos de engorde(2018) Caicedo Castrillón, Gustavo Fernando; Guerrero López, RicardoIn the present investigation the effect of pollen, lactose and its interaction on the productive and digestive parameters of broilers of Cobb 500 genetic line was evaluated. The study was carried out preparing four diets, the first without any additive, the second with pollen 0.5%, the third with 2.5% lactose and finally the fourth with the two aforementioned additives combined and at the same concentration. The experimental diets were administered only during the first two stages of development (pre-initial and initial). 480 animals divided into 40 experimental units (12 chickens per experimental unit), 10 experimental units for each diet were used for the analysis. On day 14 an animal of each experimental unit was sacrificed to take length, weight and pH of the organs of the digestive tract. Variance Analysis and Tukey test were used to process the data obtained. The results obtained in the productive parameters are significant (P> 0.05) for the treatment 2 in the pre-initial stage, obtaining an average of 161.27g in the weight gain, 169.88g in the food consumption, 1.05 for food conversion and mortality of 0%, while in the initial stage the values were significant for treatment 4 (pollen 0.5% + lactose 2.5%), with an average of 486.57g in the gain of weight, 586g in the consumption of food, 1.2 for feed conversion and mortality of 0.83%. In the remaining stages (growth and fattening), there was no significance for any treatment. The final mortality in the chickens that consumed the control diet (T1) (13.04%) had a mortality almost triple for treatment 2 (5.22%) and double in relation to treatment 3 (6.96%) and to treatment 4 (6.09%). Within the digestive parameters we can highlight that the treatment 4 (pollen 0.5% + lactose 2.5%) was significant in the chickens that consumed it, exerting a pH of 5.94 in the duodenum, treatment 3 (lactose 0.5 %) had significance leading to a pH of 5.9 in the blind.