Tesis Agronomía
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Item Evaluación de extractos vegetales de Matricaria chamomilla Y Thymus vulgaris para el control de mildiu polvoso (Erysiphe cichoracearum) en zucchini (Cucurbita pepo)(2024-02) Chango Sacon, Edisson Hernán; Zurita Vásquez, José HernánThe trial was carried out on the property of Mrs. María Sacón located in Quillan Loma in the parish of Izamba, with the objective of controlling powdery mildew in the Zucchini crop through the application of plant extracts. In this trial, a Completely Randomized Block Experimental Design (DBCA) was used with a factorial arrangement of 2 extracts and 3 doses plus 1 control (2 x 3 + 1), with three repetitions at 30, 40 and 50 days, at Significant responses were applied with the Tukey test at 5%. The variables studied were incidence, severity and incubation period. The plant extracts used were chamomile and thyme each at 3 different concentrations that were 30%, 40% and 50%. The extracts with the highest concentration were those with the greatest control. In this trial, the two treatments that led in the lowest incidence 30 days from their first application were E2D3 (71.72%) and E1D3 (73.03%), in severity E2D3 (22.36%) and E1D3 (23.13%) denote a very notable difference with respect to the control, ending with 98.03% incidence and 50.50% severity. In addition, we also have that the incubation period occurred between days 6, 7 and 8 after the transplant, reflecting that it occurred very soon, this was because favorable conditions existed for the development of this disease. Keywords: Disease, control, extracts, incidence, severity, incubationItem Evaluación del rendimiento de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L. var. Coolguard) con la aplicación de dos extractos de algas en el cantón Cevallos(2023-09) Cueva Gómez, Kerly Nicol; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueThe present study was carried out in the properties of the experimental farm Docente Querochaca of the Cevallos canton, Tungurahua province, with the purpose of evaluating the yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Coolguard), using artisanal extract of freshwater algae from Spirogyra species, applied with three doses compared to a commercial algae extract Nodosum®. An experimental design with randomized blocks was carried out with seven treatments in three repetitions. The data obtained were analyzed using ADEVA and the Tukey test at 5%, observing the following results: For the variables cabbage diameter, plant height, cabbage mass, root length, cabbage color and crop yield, showing the following results, the most outstanding being T1 for the yield variable with an average of 24.80 t/ha and for plant height the best treatment was (T2) with an average height of 19.78 cm, composed of the product 1 (artisanal seaweed) with the dose (2.5 ml), as well as the treatment that stood out was T1 composed of product 1 (artisanal seaweed) with dose 1 (1.5 ml) in the cabbage diameter variable with an average of 139.58 mm in diameter, that is to say that these two treatments had better agronomic characteristics, for which we can say that these variables were better adapted to the area where the research work was carried out, while the composite T3 treatments by (P1D3); T4 (P2D1); T5 (P2D2); T6 (P2D1) and Control presented lower values than T1 (P1D1) and T2 (P1D2)Item Evaluación de dos métodos de extracción de ruda, ortiga y ajo para el control de Brevicoryne brassicae (pulgón) en el cultivo de col morada (Brassicacea oleracea var. capitata f. rubra)(2023-03) Guashca Millingalli, José Francisco; Velástegui Espín, Giovanny PatricioPurple cabbage (Brassicacea oleracea var. Capitata f. rubra)" is a vegetable of great economic interest due to its high production and market demand, however, in order to have a good production, it has been necessary to use conventional agrochemicals to reduce pathogens, and the indiscriminate use of these products has caused problems to the environment and human health. The present investigation was carried out in the Huachi San Francisco sector and its objective was to evaluate the effect of two extraction methods for aphid control. The factors studied were; infusion method (M1) with three application doses D1 (8 ml/L), D2 (12 ml/L) and D3 (16 ml/L) and maceration (M2) with doses of D1 (0.5 L), D2 (1 L) and D3 (1.5 L) with an application frequency of 6 and 15 days after transplanting. A split-plot design with 3 replications was used, where the large plot corresponds to the methods and the sub-plots to the doses. A hierarchical analysis was performed for the results because the doses of the extracts applied were different from each other. The variables evaluated were: incidence, severity, days to aphid appearance and percentage of aphids present on the upper and lower side of the leaf, however, statistically none of the applied doses and methods had significant differences, considering that this depends on many climatic factors such as the relatively low temperature and humidity that occurred during the months of the research, so it is understood that they were not the most appropriate, greatly influencing the adaptation and development of the aphids and in the same way in the application of the extracts.Item Evaluación de extractos vegetales para el enraizamiento de Arrayán (Luma apiculata) y Álamo (Populus alba) mediante propagación por estacas(2022-09) Tinta Quispilema, Karen Estefanía; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueThe research was carried out in Querochaca Experimental Farm, Agricultural sciences Faculty, Ambato Technical University, located in Cevallos canton, Tungurahua province, with the purpose: evaluate plant extracts for the rooting of myrtle (Luma apiculata) and poplar (Populus alba) in the propagation by cuttings because the vegetative propagation in species of native Myrtaceae and Salicaceae are scarce, mainly in the application of plant extracts of aloe, plantain, corn and lemon combined with coconut water as natural rooting under plastic cover. The treatments in the study were eight that resulted from thecombination of the factors under study, two species of cuttings and four plant extracts (aloe, plantain, corn and lemon combined with coconut water) plus a hormonal control for each species, where obtained that the rooting of cuttings in the myrtle species was 0%. A completely randomized block experimental design (DBCA) was used with a 2x4+2 factorial arrangement with three repetitions and Tukey's test was perform5%. Through the analysis of variance carried out in the poplar species, no statistically significant differences were recorded for the variables percentage of rooted cuttings, root length and height of the plant at 60 days, similar results were obtained for the variable number of shoots at 30, 45 and 60 days, that is, the evaluated plant extracts are statistically similar to the treatment where hormonagro was applied; on the other hand, the variables number of roots and root volume did show significant differences at 60 days, with the control poplar showing the highest average with 4.67 and 1.27 cm3, respectively. Similar results were obtained in the variable shoot length where three ranges of statistical differences were recorded, with the poplar control showing the longest shoot length with an average of 10.97 cm. The results indicate that the application of plant extracts as rooting agents is a natural alternative to the commercial hormone for propagation by cuttings in the poplar species.